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FINAL EXAM - US HISTORY 2021 Flashcards | StudBud
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FINAL EXAM - US HISTORY 2021
FINAL EXAM - US HISTORY 2021
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1
The formation of business monopolies in the late 1800s was made possible by the
passage of federal antitrust laws
effects of laissez-faire policies
elimination of the free enterprise system
adoption of socialist economic practices
2
The Compromise of 1850 was an attempt to resolve issues related to
boundary disputes between the US & Britain over Oregon Country
the role of the federal government in industrial development
relations with the Native American Indians of the Great Plains
the protection & spread of slavery
3
Britain ended the practice of salutary neglect following the French & Indian War (1754 - 1763) which contributed to
increased conflict with Spain along the Mississippi River
end of the African slave trade
refusal of France to give up Canada
colonial protests of Americans against new taxes
4
One reason the decion in the
Dred Scott case
(1857) was so controversial is that it
strengthened the idea of popular sovereignty
supported H. B. Stowe's point of view in Uncle Tom's Cabin
gave enslaved persons full citizenship
ruled that Congress had no power to limit slavery in the territories
5
Which act of Congress most directly contributed to the situation shown in the photo below?
purchase of Alaska
Sherman Antitrust Act
Interstate Commerce Act
Homestead Act
6
W. E. B. DuBois and Booker T. Washington strongly disagreed over the
benefits of the Harlem Renaissance
method & speed for attaining equal rights for African Americans
use of the federal policy of affirmative action to aid African Americans
need for the passage of the 14th amendment to acquire civil rights
7
When Andrew Carnegie stated, "The man who dies rich, dies disgraced," he was supporting
Social Darwinism
charitable giving
consumer credit
antitrust legislation
8
In the late 1800s, a major goal of US policy in the annexation of Hawaii & the acquisition of Philippines was to
expand US fishing rights in international waters
limit the spread of Japanese influence
protect the area around the Panama Canal
obtain coaling stations & seaports for US ships
9
Before 1763, most American colonists settled near the Atlantic coast or rivers because
port cities could be easily defended in times of war
valleys were less fertile
English colonists were only allowed to settle these locations
navigable water offered easier access to trade & employment
10
Which pairing matches a 19th century business leader with the industry he developed?
Andrew Carnegie -- meatpacking
John D. Rockefeller -- oil
J. P. Morgan -- sugar
Cornelius Vanderbilt -- textiles
11
The Palmer raids after World War I were controversial because the federal government
led a campaign against discrimination & racial segregation
imprisoned suffragists who led protest marches
granted asylum to European refugees
violated the civil liberties of suspected radicals
12
Which 19th century phrase best describes the overall efforts of the US to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean?
"Manifest Destiny"
"Remember the Alamo"
"Remember the Maine"
"Bleeding Kansas"
13
The slogan "no taxation without representation" was first used by Americans to protest Britain's
policy of slautary neglect
attempts to raise revenue through the Stamp Act
passage of the Coercive Acts
issuance of the Proclamation of 1763
14
The geography of the Atlantic Coastal Plain most influenced the southern economy from 1620 to 1865 because it
encouraged development of the railroad industry
resulted in widespread mining of coal
promoted a plantation system of agriculture
led to diversified manufacturing
15
Which action was an attempt by southern state governments after the Civil War to limit African American rights?
establishment of the Freedmen's Bureau
impeachment of President Andrew Johnson
implementation of Black Codes
ratification of the 13th Amendment
16
As related to Latin America, the Roosevelt Corollary strengthened the original Monroe Doctrine by
threatening military intervention to stop European interference
promoting the independence of former US colonies
extending the doctrine to Asia
sending humanitarian aid to Mexico & the Caribbean
17
After the attack on Pearl Harbor, FDR decided to
immediately draft all young Japanese Americans into the military
move Japanese Americans to internment camps away from the Pacific Coast
deport most Japanese Americans to Japan
ban Japanese Americans from serving in Congress
18
The power of the president to veto laws and the power of the House of Representatives to impeach are examples of
federalism
the unwritten constitution
executive privilege
checks and balances
19
The main reason the US Senate did not approve the Treaty of Versailles in 1919 was because the treaty
threatened to draw the nation into future international conflicts
did not force Germany to return conquered territory
failed to include war reparations
was opposed by President Woodrow Wilson
20
The Northwest Ordinane (1787) & the Homestead Act (1862) both reflected the national government's policy of
encouraging the settlement of frontier lands
purchasing land from foreign countries
protecting the tribal lands of Native American Indians
expanding slavery onto the Great Plains
21
During the 1920s, the influence of the Ku Klux Klan & passage of laws setting immigration quotes illustrated the
negative reaction to the Scopes trial
rejection of traditional religious values
support for integrated public schools
growth of nativism
22
During the 1790s, which factor best explains why the US was able to stay out of foreign conflicts?
the US had announced the Monroe Doctrine
France & Great Britain agreed to end colonialism
Europe depended on farm products from the US
the Atlantic Ocean helped the US remain isolated from foreign threats
23
Weaknesses in the central gov't under the Articles of Confederation exposed by Shays's Rebellion contributed to
development of the policy of neutrality
signing of the Declaration of Independence
creation of the US Constitution
passage of the Northwest Ordinance
24
Which statement most accurately represents the point of view depicted in the 1903 cartoon below?
the nation's econmy depends on continuing large-scale immigration
nativist opposition to immigration is declining
literacy tests are needed to limit immigration to the US
Americans significantly disagree over immigration policy
25
Most of the northern boundary of the United States was created by treaties between the United States and
Great Britain
France
Mexico
Spain
26
Which area of the United States showed the strongest support for ratification of the Constitution?
frontier areas west of the Appalachian Mountains
mountain areas in the South
farming areas in western New York and Pennsylvania
coastal areas near the Atlantic Ocean
27
A major impact of the trend shown on the chart below was that
frontier trading posts became more prosperous
reservations were relocated closer to buffalo migration routes
white settlers became dependent on buffalo products
Plains Indians lost their main source of food, shelter, & clothing
28
In the late 1800s, one reason labor unions struggled to gain support was because
the wages of industrial workers were high
employers could easily replace striking workers
government-funded public-works jobs were readily available
corporations ended the use of court injunctions
29
Which factor in the late 1920s was a major cause of the Great Depression?
banks had made risky loans & stock market investments
banks charged high interest rates for loans
large banks had formed a monopoly
banks were overregulated by the federal government
30
The protection against double jeopardy & the right to a speedy trial are evidenced that the US Constitution supports
due process of law
eminent domain
reserved powers
representative democracy
31
During the early 1800s, advances in democratic government included
ending the role of the electoral college
increasing education & religious requirements for voting
eliminating property ownership as a voting requirement
giving states the right to secede from the Union
32
In the first half of the 19th century, canal building was important to economic growth because canals
provided access to free homesteads in the West
could be used all seasons of the year
charged lower rates than the transcontinental railroad
allowed faster transport of farm and industrial products
33
Which idea best expresses the philosophy of Progressive reformers?
government actions should promote solutions to problems in society
reform should come from private business leaders
labor unions could undermine the free enterprise system
rconoimic growth should take priority over social concerns
34
Which geographic feature contributed most to the development of the plantation system in the Southern colonies?
high mountains & numerous rivers
rich soil & warm climate
rocky soil & deep harbors
short rivers & many waterfalls
35
The Louisiana Purchase in 1803 was supported by farmers in the Ohio River valley because they wanted to
end the practice of slavery
secure an easier transportation route to the Pacific Ocean
gain unrestricted access to the Mississippi River & port of New Orleans
end conflicts with Mexico on the western frontierr
36
A central issue in the debate between Federalists & Anti-Federalists over ratification of US Constitution was the
threat posed by a strong central government to the rights of citizens
power of judicial review being granted to the judicial branch
danger of unrestricted interstate commerce
role of the president ass commander-in-chief of the armed forces
37
Which geographic feature contributed most to the development of commerce in the New England & Middle colonies?
limited rainfall
natural harbors
long growing season
mountainous terrain
38
Many New England citizens opposed US participation in the War of 1812 because they
resisted the extension of slavery into western territories
resented disruption of their trade with England
worried that France might try to regain Canada
feared a Russian invasion in the Northwest
39
A s stated in the United States Constitution, which group is directly elected by the people?
political party leaders
presidential cabinet members
Supreme COurt justices
members of the House of Representatives
40
The Supreme Court decision in
McCulloch v Maryland
(1819) and in
Gibbons v Ogden
(1824) resulted in
large land grants for Native American Indians
an expansion of the rights of African Americans
an increase in the power of the federal government over state governments
greater regulation of business activities
41
In colonial America, geography most directly influenced
religious practices
family structure
voter eligibility
economic activities
42
Which statement most accurately describes the principle of federalism?
the ultimate power is given to the voters
states have the power to review national laws
power is divided between the national and state governments
power is shared by two political parties
43
In the late 1890s, yellow journalism most directly influenced the US government's decision to
open Japan to trade with the West
build the Panama Canal
purchase Alaska and Hawaii
enter the Spanish-American War
44
One major policy difference between Pres. Hoover & Pres. FDR was that FDR
focused primarily on reducing tariffs
stressed tax cuts & subsidies for big business
adopted a laissez-faire philosophy
proposed direct aid to farmers & the unemployed
45
Which statement describes an effect of the Louisiana Purchase (1803)?
the boundary with Mexico was fully established
the Mississippi River became the western boundary of the US
the NW Territory became part of the US
the size of the US was doubled
46
Which legislation resulted from the publication of Upton Sinclair's novel,
The Jungle
?
Meat Inspection Act
Hepburn Act
Dawes Act
Interstate Commerce Act
47
Pres. FDR's first 100 days are regarded by many historians as successful because
the Senate agreed to join the League of Nations
many of his New Deal proposals were enacted into law
he increased the number of Supreme COurt Justices
the Great Depression came to an end
48
The victory of Andrew Jackson in the presidential election of 1828 was aided by
the support of easten bankers
reducing property qualifications for voting
implementing woman's suffrage
the endorsement of northern abolitionists
49
One reason abolitionists were unpopular with many Northerners from 1830s - 1860 was because abolitionists
advocated views that increased tensions with the SOuth
favored the growth of slavery
supported the Fugitive Slave Act
encouraged the annexation of Texas
50
The primary aim of the writers of the United States Constitution was to
eliminate the bicameral legislature
strengthen the power of the central government
preserve the supremacy of the states
weaken the independence of the judiciary