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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
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1
Fundamental principle of the Sector Model is based on what?
Development is structured among the CBD
Development is based on amenities
Development is centered around transportation routes
Development is based on locations of businesses
2
Drawing of internal political districts to benefit a political party
Gerrymandering
Blockbusting
Redlining
Stacked voting
3
Which is NOT a characteristic of popular culture as defined by human geographers?
It is typically found in remote regions
It is widespread
It is media driven
It includes traits that change often
4
Which stage of the DTM features a high birth rate, high death rate, and low pop. growth?
Stage IV
Stage III
Stage II
Stage I
5
Which is true of Rostow's take-off model of economic growth?
External demand for raw material drives growth in Stage 4
Foreign investment is required for growth in Stage 2
Globalization will slow down growth of developing countries
Countries in Stage 5 experience deindustrialization
6
Food preferences reveal culture. Hindus don't eat ___, Muslims don't eat ___.
beef; pork
chicken; beef
pork; shrimp
pork; beef
7
Which of the following most accurately describes the Human Development Index (HDI)
composite of life expectancy, pollution, infrastructure
composite of life expectancy, education, per capita income
composite of per capita income, education, infrastructure
composite of per capita income, infrastructure, corruption
8
Which industry locates close to the market to minimize transportation cost of heavy products
weight gaining industries
tertiary industries
weight reducing industries
primary industries
9
all of the following are reasons govts. would make policies to restrict immigration EXCEPT
they perceive immigrants as a threat to culture
they don't want immigrants to take already limited jobs
they fear immigrants will bring new diseases
immigrants may force countries to experience brain drain
10
a rectangular pop. pyramid tells you that the population of that country is -
falling rapidly
growing slightly, but staying mostly steady
falling slightly, but mostly staying steady
growing rapidly
11
To participate in international trade, a country must id the assets it can provide. This is
Supranationalism
Comparative advantage
Least cost Theory
Commodification
12
Friction of distance can serve as a centrifugal force. To combat this, a govt. would fund ...
a non-governmental org to address religious differences
a high speed railway
a educational campaign to address uneven development
new street signs in multiple languages
13
One of the most important foundations a country needs is infrastructure. Which is NOT an ex.
churches and religious institutions
water and sewer systems
Electric power grids
Education systems
14
US immigration policy gives priority to immigrants w/ US family. That promotes
step migration
internal migration
chain migration
transnational migration
15
Which info would be useful in determining which stage a country would be in on the DTM?
GDP per capita
literacy rate
infant mortality rate
total fertility rate
16
As textile manufacturers look to reduce costs, why would they be located in LDCs
factory located near large market areas
factory located in areas with cheap transportation routes
factory close to raw materials
factory located in an area with inexpensive labor cost
17
Last 20 yrs, many industries have moved to the southern US. All of these are factors EXCEPT
Government incentives
Southern states are 'right to work'
Development of new ports
Lower wage structure
18
Edge cities typically grow on the border of large urban centers at points near what factor?
electrical and nuclear power plants
sports and recreation centers
schools and universities
major roads and airports
19
What language theory explains lang. from Caucasus around Caspian Sea into Iran, India & Europe
Agriculture Theory
Conquest Theory
Greenberg's Hypothesis
Organic Theory
20
An example of a weight reducing industry would be
Sailboats
Copper
Automobiles
Furniture
21
Which of the descriptions most accurately captures the process of globalization?
acceleration of interdependence across national borders
decline of communications technologies
loss of interconnectedness between places
spread of cultural homogeneity/loss of local distinctiveness
22
The hearth of the Industrial Revolution was
Northern England & Southern Scotland
India
China
United States
23
What might the USDA say about the size of farms in the United States today?
total farmland in the US is increasing
total farmland in the US is decreasing
farms in the US are bigger and number of farms is increasing
Farms in the US are fewer in number and bigger in size
24
Permanent members of the United Nation's Security Council include all of the following EXCEPT
Japan
Russia
China
United Kingdom
25
What happens in Stage 2 of the DTM?
CDR drops significantly, as crude birth rate lags
CBR fand CDR change proportionally
CBR drops significantly, as crude death rate lags
total population growth stabilizes
26
Demographic Transition Model uses 3 stats. when analyzing pop. trends: which one is NOT used
total population growth
birth rates
age - sex rations
death rates
27
The process in which wealthy people move into formerly poor neighborhoods is what process?
Urbanization
Block busting
White flight
Gentrification
28
Which of the following can be used to measure the level of development of a country?
all of the above
Gross National Income
Life expectancy
Literacy Rates
29
The concept of outsourcing is becoming more important. All of these are characteristics EXCEPT
typical practice of transnational corporations
cheaper labor costs
allows for 24 hour work day
typical examples are customer call centers
30
What do the UN, NATO, EU, ASEAN, and NAFTA have in common?
they are all supranational organizations
they are all non-governmental organizations
they are all multinational corporations
they are all military alliances
31
What are the laws enacted to combat suburban sprawl called?
Community Reinvestment Act
Urban renewal
Zoning ordinances
Smart growth
32
Ethnic religions tend to be found near their hearth. Which religion is NOT typical of this?
Judaism
Shintoism
Buddhism
Hinduism
33
Which order follows the Concentric Zone Model pattern from inner ring to the outer ring?
CBD, Mixed Use, New Development, suburban CBD
CBD, Working Class, Mixed Use, Commuters
CBD,zone of transition,working class, middle class,commuters
Mixed residential, middle class, CBD, commuters
34
What term do geographers use to refer to place names?
Toponyms
Assimilation
Acculturation
Symbols
35
To support a prosperous econ, places need rds, bldgs, power, sewage, water. These are exs of
Demographics
Ecumene
Density
Infrastructure
36
In Von Thunen, which is the correct order of ag land use traveling outward from market center?
Wheat, livestock, milk
Livestock, milk, wheat
Vegetables, forest, milk
Milk, forest, wheat
37
Which of the following microloans would be most beneficial to women in the long-term?
loan to help a textile factory in Bangladesh expand
loan to help start a rice farm in China that employs women
loan to build a k-12 school for girls in rural Pakistan
loan to help a toy factory in Vietnam meet health standards
38
Who developed Central Place Theory?
Ernest Burgess
August Losch
Walter Christaller
Walt Rostow
39
Which theorist believed that pandemics are a good thing because they limit pop. growth?
Von Thunen
Karl Marx
Thomas Malthus
Esther Boserup
40
Which of the following explains why as countries develop, fewer work in this economic sector
tertiary, the need for services is greater in poor countries
primary, country's resources being used up as it develops
primary, because technology makes these jobs more efficient
secondary, developed countries send manufacturing overseas
41
Doubling time is -
crude death rate - crude birth rate (per 1000)
time it takes for pop. to double if growth remains constant
dependent on patterns of immigration and emigration
crude birth rate - crude death rate (per 1000)
42
Which of these has contributed the most to Mexico's development over the past 20 years?
increase in maize and other vegetable exports
NAFTA and maquiladoras
increase in American and international tourism
rise in the price of petroleum and gold
43
Some believe a 5th phase should be added to DTM to reflect -
rapid growth of some countries in Africa and South Asia
declining population in some developed countries
impact of emigration on declining populations in LDCs
impact of immigration on growth of MDCs
44
in Central Place Theory, the threshold of a service is determined by what factor?
the minimum number of people to support a service
the amount of nodal areas in a Central Place Theory
the maximum distance people are willing to go for a service
the market area of a service
45
Forced sterilization, infanticide, and state sponsored contraceptives are all examples of
liberal natalism
pro-natalism
strict natalism
anti-natalism
46
This image represents
ethnic separatism
ethnic exclave
ethnic segregation
ethnic enclave
47
Which of the following is an underlying assumption of the Von Thunen Model of rural land use?
Arid climates dominated the outer rings
The city was completely surrounded by water
Farmers act under a profit-driven mindset
The soil quality changed for each ring
48
____ encompasses the numerous goods and services that are a part of the agriculture business
Bioengineering
Agribusiness
Genetically modified organisms
Subsistence farming
49
The practice of shifting cultivation would most likely be found where?
Afghanistan
Germany
United States
Peru
50
Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of ethnicity?
group of people with common language
people with common cultural/nationalistic traditions
feeling of nationalism within a group of people
biological characteristics of a group of people
51
Which is an example of hierarchical diffusion?
Buddhist ideology spreading through the Indian subcontinent
Hip-hop spreading from inner cities to suburbs in the US
The spread of ideas on the world wide web
Influenza spreading throughout South America
52
All of the following statements are criticisms of suburban sprawl in the US EXCEPT:
it creates higher energy costs
it reduces commute times
it is a tax burden from increased infrastructure costs
it contributes to the destruction of prime agricultural land
53
World Systems Theory- Core countries dominate the world today due to past
industrialization
colonization
military power
urbanization
54
_____ are people who have left their residence out of fear but have not left their own country.
refugees
asylum seekers
internationally displaced persons
undocumented immigrants
55
The Industrial Rev is credited as the principal cause of pop growth at which stage of the DTM?
Stage 2
Stage 4
Stage 3
Stage 1
56
Form of govt which exists when states have division of varying degrees of local control is
Federalism
Authoritarianism
Republic
Unitary
57
It is agreed that the current trend in voluntary migration is caused by
educational opportunities available on the internet
chain migration over international borders
political instability in the neighboring countries
increasing economic opportunities in urban areas
58
In Weber's Least Cost Theory, where would the best location of a paper mill in Portland, Oregon
Near raw materials outside of Portland's metropolitan area
Close to the other industrial areas in Portland
Within the central business district in Portland
Near the port in Portland
59
According to Weber's model of industrial location, a steel mill would be typically located
next to a shipping port
next to an airport
next to raw materials
in a city
60
According to classic bid-rent curve, what happens to land value as it gets closer to the city?
land gets more expensive closer to the city
land gets more affordable in the outer rings
land gets used extensively for transportation services
land gets more affordable along busy streets
61
Which of the following in NOT a likely government response to an aging population?
raising the retirement age
increasing taxes to pay for pensions
providing jobs for people over 65 to get work
decreasing taxes on the workforce
62
most noticeable geographic trend in the last 30 yrs regarding the world's most populated cities
Most of the top 20 cities are in LDCs
most of top 20 cities are in MDCs
Most of the top 20 cities are in Africa
larger percentage of top 20 cities are in Europe
63
Based on the theory of distance decay, a resident of London is MOST likely to migrate to ...
Paris, France
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Shanghai, China
Johannesburg, South Africa
64
Which statement is the MOST accurate when describing universalizing religions?
They are practiced in many regions of the world
They appeal to one specific group of people
They have been practiced throughout human history
They are located in one specific place
65
What trend in today's global industrial distribution does the political cartoon depict?
Outsourcing/offshoring of US factories & jobs to China/India
Trade laws banning India & China from investing in the US
Chinese & Indian migrant workers returning home to new jobs
return of Chinese & Indian factories back to their countries