Science Midterm Study Guide

A rod-shaped bacteria.

the process that a plant uses to get its food or ATP

Which of these is NOT part of cell theory?

sperm cell or an egg cell which is used in sexual reproduction but not in asexual reproduction.

The stage of mitosis where the new chromosomes reach opposite ends of the cell and begin to uncoil.

A type of inheritance in which 2 alleles of the same gene are expressed separately

Which of these was NOT part of the FIRST 3 days?

a type of membrane transport to move substances across cell membranes.

Organisms that have to consume food, cannot create their own

a small circular DNA molecule found in bacteria and some other microscopic organisms

When the Messenger RNA is “read” by the ribosomes and translated into a strand of amino acids that make up the protein.

Which of these is NOT part of cell theory?

A sphere-shaped bacteria.

A genetically hybrid organism.

The data collected after the experiment.

Viruses cannot reproduce on their own.

tubes in a cell that produce and transport things in a cell.

organisms with certain adaptations survive to pass on their traits to greater number of offspring than others

The joining of gametes to form a diploid cell.

(bases in DNA) Cytosine can only pair with what?

Which of these was NOT part of the LAST 3 days?

sures that each new "kid” cell produced has the same number and kind of genes as those in the original “parent” cell.

uses radioactive carbon-14 to calculate a fossil’s age

Data that has information that is NOT represented by numbers.

The physical traits of an organism.

the sister chromatids pull away into separate chromosomes. Moved by spindle fibers and sister chromatids (mitosis)

 the anaerobic pathway carried out by yeasts in which simple sugars are converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide

A structure that surrounds and protects the cell.

Vaccines are a weakened/dead version of a virus that is injected for your body to learn to fight it.

How many chromosomes does the average human have?

A pattern of inheritance in which there are only 2 alleles

The variable that the scientist changes.

The outside of the cell that regulates what comes in and out of the cell.

an inactive virus

A genetically purebred organism.

(bases in DNA) Thymine can only pair with what?

God's command to fill the earth and have dominion over it.

Bacterias are a nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat that uses other cells to reproduce

The group in an experiment that IS exposed to the independent variable.

the process by which our muscle cells deal with pyruvate during anaerobic respiration

The parent cell pinches in between the two new nuclei until the cytoplasm is divided and two new cells are formed.

relies on the known rates of radioactive decay of certain elements found in igneous rocks

Organisms that are made up of one cell

a form of asexual reproduction in which an organism divides into two, each part carrying one copy of genetic material

The group in an experiment that is NOT exposed to the independent variable.

An organism’s ability to keep its internal processes stable.

The shape of DNA is...

the jelly-like material in a cell that surrounds all the organelles, excluding the nucleus.

suggested that all of Earth’s physical processes happen at the same rate in the present time as in the past

(bases in DNA) Adenine can only pair with what?

Something that contains DNA of a cell.

tools that are used to determine the traits of an offspring

The stage of Mitosis where the chromosomes line up at the middle of the cell.

gathered much information on animals, plants, and fossils. He returned his studies to scientists in England. 

relies on the known rates of radioactive decay of certain elements found in igneous rocks

Has a nucleus to hold its genetic information.

specific inheritable features that can be qualitative or quantitative

movement of water through the semipermeable cell membrane or a special type of diffusion.

Which of these would be part of a naturalist worldview?

whip-like structure that propels cells. 

observable qualities that can range from physical attributes to behavioral patterns

organelles that makes most of the cells ATP (energy)

(bases in DNA) Guanine can only pair with what?

the structure only in a Eukaryotic cell that protect the DNA and tell the cell to do what

A process that reduces by half the amount of DNA present in each sperm and egg cell.

Has free-flowing genetic information

The word kind in scripture is a distinct group of organisms

rock layers are compared to other layers near them.

The diploid cell that results from fertilization.

If one of the organism's systems are removed, the whole organism cannot work.

the process in organisms of breaking down molecules to generate ATP.

Which of these contains ALL of the requirements to be considered an organism?

made of a sugar phosphate and a base.

Data that has information that IS represented by numbers.

Organisms that create their own food (ex. Through photosynthesis)

A spiral-shaped. bacteria.

random changes in DNA

The genetic code of a certain trait.

the wall round the nucleus disappears and the chromatin of each chromosome begins to coil up sister chromatids (mitosis)

The portion of the cell cycle during which the cell grows and carries out its normal functions

Which of these would be part of a biblical worldview?

the cell extends energy to move a substance against its concentration gradient.

Organisms that are made up of multiple cells.