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Unit 8 Aquatic & Terrestrial Pollution Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 8 Aquatic & Terrestrial Pollution
Unit 8 Aquatic & Terrestrial Pollution
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Environmental Science
Flashcards
73 cards
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Answers
1
Biological oxygen demand is
the amount of oxygen in a particular body of water
does not impact the health of a body of water
a measurement of oxygen consumed by aquatic organisms
a measure of dissolved oxygen content
2
Thermal pollution
lowers the respiratory rate of aquatic organisms
can kill organisms by thermal shock
increases the number of fish spawning
increases the amount of dissolved oxygen in water
3
Heavy metal, neurotoxin found in carnivorous fish; as a result of coal burning power plants
mercury
asbestos
radon
lead
4
The vector for malaria is
Anopheles mosquito
Trypanosoma
Tse Tse fly
Plasmodium
5
This water quality indicator leads to the process of eutrophication
Dissolved oxygen
Biological oxygen demand
Nitrates & Phosphates
Fecal coliform
6
Which level of the food chain will have the highest level of DDT in its system?
Producers
Secondary consumers
plankton
coral reefs
7
What is thermal pollution?
Acidic water
Turbid water
Heated water
Cooled water
8
Which of the following pollutants biomagnifies because it is fat-soluble and a POP?
DDT
Nitrates
Mercury
Lead
9
Why do oxygen levels drop after the point source organic water pollutant?
Increased decomposition
Increased fish activity
Increased populations of indicator species
Increased photosynthesis
10
Released from the decay of radioactive rock
radon
lead
asbestos
mercury
11
How was the Bubonic Plague spread?
Fleas on Rats
Bees on Plants
Fleas on Cats
Knees on Bats
12
What are symptoms of cholera?
cramps
diarrhea
all of the above
vomiting
13
What is the LD50 of the substance shown?
0.50 mg/kg
0.10 mg/kg
0.05 mg/kg
0.30 mg/kg
14
Malaria and West Nile Virus are spread by mosquitoes.
True
False
15
Which of the following statements is true?
The amount of oxygen in rivers increases in dry seasons
Warmer water holds more oxygen
Streams recover slower from organic waste than ponds
Colder water holds more oxygen
16
What factors increase the spread of infectious disease?
Decreased insect vectors
Decrease in international travel
Increased sanitation
Increased effects of climate change
17
Which is the most environmentally friendly way to dispose of sewage sludge?
using it as a fertilizer
incineration
burying in landfills
feeding pigs
18
Eutrophication is:
The addition of flourine to the water.
The enrichment of water with nutrients, leading to algae growth.
A stage in water treatment.
The process of removing phosphorus from water.
19
Which material takes the longest to break down?
plastic bottle
banana peel
aluminum can
wool sock
20
As this graph displays, dissolved oxygen _______ as temperature increases.
Decreases
Stays constant
Increases
Fluctuates with no pattern
21
If you have a LD50 value that's high the toxicity is?
Lethal
Toxic
Low
Moderate
22
LD50 stands for . . .
the last days of midlife crisis.
let's do 50 push-ups.
the lethal dose that kills 50% of individuals.
the length of dachshunds in the 50th percentile.
23
Low concentrations of dissolved oxygen
hypoxic
dead zone
degraded
anoxic
24
What is biomagnification?
The damage of organic tissues through exposure to toxins
The higher levels of toxins present in smaller organisms
The passing of accumulated toxins through the food chain
The buildup of toxins in an organism
25
Biological process in which organic waste is decomposed in aeration tanks
tertiary treatment
preliminary treatment
secondary treatment
primary treatment
26
How is Zika virus transmitted?
Aedes aegypti
Sex
Pregnant woman to fetus
All of the above
27
Which of the following is
NOT
a consequence of eutrophication?
Increased biodiversity
Algal bloom
Multiplication of bacteria
Decreased oxygen concentration in water
28
As a result of bioaccumulation and biomagnification, which trophic level would suffer the greatest risk?
producers
primary consumers
tertiary consumers
secondary consumers
29
What is the direct cause of death for the aquatic animals during eutrophication?
Loss of dissolved oxygen
CO2 is used up by algae
Toxic secretions by bacteria
Drainage of their habitat
30
What is the most serious problem associated with sanitary landfills?
Production of CH4 gas from decomposition
Groundwater contamination from leachate
Air pollution from burning waste
Noise pollution from vehicles and machinery
31
The lowest amount of biodiversity will most probably be found at
Decomposition zone
Septic zone
Clean zone
Recovery zone
32
The main purpose of sewage treatment is to
kill pathogenic bacteria and remove plant nutrients
kill pathogenic bacteria and remove biodegradable materials
kill pathogenic bacteria and reduce odor
make water safe for human consumption
33
Chemical that causes changes in DNA structure
persistent
mutagen
teratogen
carcinogen
34
Which of the following types of water pollution causes eutrophication?
Nutrient pollution
Pathogen pollution
Sediment pollution
Thermal pollution
35
Which of the following describes non-point source pollution?
An electrical power plant
A sewage treatment plant
A residential neighborhood
A factory
36
Which product makes up the largest percent of MSW (Municipal Solid Waste)?
food waste
plastic
paper
glass
37
Drawbacks of incineration of waste include all of the following EXCEPT
potentially dangerous ash waste
increased cost
increased methane gas
increased air pollution
38
What is Malaria?
A life-threatening virus that attacks red blood cells
A life-threatening disease caused by parasites
A life-threatening dietary definciency
A life threatening bacterial infection
39
A limitation of LD50 test results is
results can be species specific
an individual's genetic predisposition to toxicity
all of these
chemical interactions
40
This water quality indicator measures the acidity or alkalinity
Salinity
Turbidity
Dissolved oxygen
pH
41
Tertiary sewage treatment
breaks down organic materials
disinfects the water
removes solids
removes pollutants such as nitrates
42
Endocrine disrupters:
only affect the reproductive capability of females
only affect the reproduction of humans
affect reproduction of fishes, birds,reptiles & mammals
do not include DDT
43
What contributes to eutrophication?
fertilizers
building along coastlines
oil spills
littering
44
In a septic tank system, which of the following is true?
wastewater is pumped into a settling tank
bacteria treated waste is discharged in an absorption field
all of these
solids are decomposed by bacteria
45
Major sources of nitrogen pollution include
disposal of refrigeration units
discharge of sewage to surface waters
use of persistent pesticides
oil spills
46
MERS and SARS are types of:
CORONAVIRUSES
PARAMYXOVIRUSES
ORTHOMYXOVIRUSES
FLAVIVIRUSES
47
During which stage is nutrient pollution removed
Primary
Primary & secondary
Secondary
Tertiary
48
What is Solid Waste Management?
It refers to the process of throwing and dumping solid waste.
It refers to the process of collecting and treating solid waste.
it refers to the process of dumping and treating solid waste.
It refers to the process of collecting and throwing solid waste.
49
How is water disinfected?
all of these
UV light exposure
ozonation
chlorination
50
Eutrophication leads to Dead Zones like those found in the Gulf due to
hypoxia from lack of oxygen
high salinity of the water
low pH levels in the water
toxic levels of mercury in the water
51
Which of the following demonstrates the process of eutrophication?
Dead Zones → Algal Blooms → Runoff
Less Fish → More Nutrients → Algae Deaths
Runoff → Decrease in nutrients → Less Fish
Runoff → Algal Blooms → Dead Zones
52
Primary sewage treatment
breaks down organic materials
removes pollutants such as nitrates
disinfects the water
removes solids
53
What is cholera
Idk
a sexually transmitted disease
bacterial disease usually spread by contaminated water
A viral disease
54
What is Tuberculosis?
A mosquito-borne parasite
A contagious disease mainly affecting the lungs .
A nutritional deficiency that stunts growth
A sexually transmitted disease
55
Wetlands are vital ecosystems because
they reduce flooding
they support biodiversity
all of these
they recharge aquifers
56
This water quality indicator determines if animal waste is present
All of these
Nitrates & Phosphates
Dissolved oxygen
Fecal coliform
57
The amount required to kill 50% of the test population
bioaccumulation
synergistic interaction
threshold
LD50
58
endocrine disruptors
are pesticides like DDT that concentrate in the food web
impact wildlife reproduction but not human reproduction
cause mental & behavioral disorders in children
are chemicals that act like hormones in the body
59
eutrophication is caused by
acid rain
excessive nutrients
thermal pollution
CFCs
60
The Clean Water Act
funded construction of sewage treatment plants
regulates the discharge of pollutants into surface waters
analyzes physical, chemical and biological properties of waters
all of the above
61
Substances build up in the tissues of organisms
carcinogen
trophic cascade
biomaginification
bioaccumulation
62
Land area that drains water into a stream or river system
Aquifer
Runoff
Water table
Watershed
63
The Bubonic Plague was a disease also known as
Nature's Revenge
Peasants Disease
The Black Death
Eastern Sickness
64
Secondary sewage treatment
disinfects the water
removes solids
removes pollutants such as nitrates
breaks down organic materials
65
Which is most likely to increase bacterial content of a lake?
Thermal pollution from a nearby power plant
Percolation of the water through soil to groundwater
Acidification of the lake water by acid deposition
Runoff from a nearby hog farm
66
Diseases not caused by living organisms; can't spread from person to person
non transmissible
transmissible
West Nile virus
Influenza
67
Chemicals that harm the production of hormones leading to reproductive failure
neurotoxins
endocrine disruptors
carcinogens
mutagens
68
Persistent chemicals like DDT can be in environments where it is NOT used, why?
Bioaccumulates
All of these
Surface runoff
Atmospheric deposition
69
What causes tuberculosis?
Fungal infection in lungs
Viral infection in lungs
Bacterial infection in lungs
Asbestos trapped in the lungs
70
What is a SARS virus??
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
It is an epidemic that started from birds
SARS virus first appeared in China
It is an epidemic that started from mouses
71
During which stage is solid debris removed
Primary & secondary
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
72
The most effective way to protect groundwater is to
prevent contamination
treat all water from underground sources
use monitoring wells
using advanced sewage treatment
73
Tuberculosis is:
all of the above
A sexually transmitted disease
A bloodborne disease
An airborne disease
