AP Psychology: Review for AP Exam

the unconditioned stimulus in Pavlov's experiments with dogs and tuning forks

likely diagnosis if client reports ongoing tension and apprehension for more than six months, with no specific cause

in Freudian theory, the defense mechanism that involves kicking the dog after a hard day at work

Sudden attacks of excessive sleepiness, such that a person may fall into REM stage sleep almost immediately

Probably the most researched question in Psychology . . .

the part of the brain that connects the four lobes to the emotional center in the limbic system

located in core of the brain, this gland releases hormones that control growth, stimulate milk production, etc.

breakdown of the myelin sheath of the neuron produces this disease

judging potential solutions on how well they fit prototypes (small, slim, poetry lover a professor, not a truck driver)

Piaget stage of development in which the child can perform abstract logic and develop hypotheses

where transduction takes place in the sense of touch

Research by you on the brain of Phineas Gage, the man who had a steel rod go through his head, would involve . . .

"mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another" (e.g., strip with young and old women at each end)

the researcher(s) who proposed the sexual response cycle

stimulus (see a bear) and physiological response (tensed muscles) occur at same time but independently

Not one of the parts of the definition of "emotion"

the conversion of a stimulus received by one of the senses (e.g., a sound wave) into neural impulses the brain processes

stage of language at 4-10 months in which the baby makes sounds unrelated to the household language

the ability of the brain to change, especially during childhood development and after brain injuries

Not one of Milgram's factors that will cause many people to conform to the commands of authority

neurons located within the brain that take in information from the 5 senses and pass it along to muscles, organs, etc.

Joe has had no appetite, has lost weight, and reports a sense of worthlessness that has persisted for 2.5 years.

some groups of protestors in recent college campus demonstrations have worn masks in part to create this effect

memories we encode through effortful (high road) processing

stimulus (seeing a bear) leads to physiological response (tensed muscles), which leads to a cognitive appraisal

a factor that supports psychological health in older adults

the lobe of the cerebral cortex that receives and processes visual input into the brain

the "Flynn Effect"

Scientists call this stage of sleep "paradoxical," because while the body is motionless, the brain is very active

A mom who is trying to teach her child not to use swear words takes away the child's dessert when he curses

Not one of the ways our brains "group" visual stimuli

in Freudian theory, the part of human cognition where human beings repress unpleasant thoughts and memories

A possible facet of repression Freud would always investigate in his psychoanalytic therapy sessions

"the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time" (textbook, p. 154)

the factor that determines the loudness of a sound

the part of the brain that signals to the body you are hungry and need to eat, creating the hunger motivation

the trait of the "Big Five" personality factors described as "imaginative, prefers variety, independent"

the theory that "personal factors" and behavior and environment all interact to create personality

the trait of the "Big Five" factors of personality described as "sociable, fun-loving, affectionate"

The phenomenon that occurs when Mary's previous study of French is interfering with her current study of Italian

The male hormone that many scientists believe encourages aggressive behavior

storage of visual stimuli in sensory memory

Mary is a good soccer player, but she plays better at home games when lots of her friends come to watch

Not a part of the limbic system of the brain

name given to the system of sensors in joints, tendons, and muscles that communicates perception of movement and postion

If the left hippocampus sustains an injury, a person will have difficulty retrieving this kind of stimuli

half the results are higher than this result in a research study, and half the results are lower

part of brain that helps control learning, memory, judgment of time, and especially voluntary movements

If a number of people are present at the scene of an emergency, each one feels less responsible to help

every member of a population to the surveyed has an equal chance to be a subject of the actual survey

part of the nervous system responsible for arousing the "rest and digest" response

drug classification of cigarettes

a child simply loves to read

theory underlying the Stanford Prison experiment of 1971 concerning two conflicting understandings

The experimental factor manipulated in an experiment (i.e., giving the real medication or a sugar pill)

Piaget stage of development in which the child develops "object permanence" (teddy bear did not disappear when covered)

the reinforcement schedule if the rat 1st receives a pellet after 30 seconds of lever-pushing and next after 10 seconds

The AP Psychology test is this type of intelligence test

Hypnosis is . . .

The Ames Room with the people who appear to be small and large but are actually the same size demonstrates . . .

getting to memories previously stored in the memory portions of the brain

Therapist treats Julie's strong fear of cockroaches by first having her hold a plastic cockroach. Type of therapy?

If I say human beings only use 10 percent of their brains because I have heard so many people say it, that is a case of:

If the dots on a scatterplot are bunched tightly together, the researcher will conclude . . .

stage of Kohlberg's development of ethics (1958) in which the adolescent learns to keep rules per her ethical system

the specialized area of the four lobes responsible for speech comprehension

The multiple choice questions on the AP exam will involve this kind of memory retrieval

the reinforcement schedule when the rat receives the pellet for every 12th push on the lever of the Skinner rat box

the phenomenon of overestimating how much attention other people are paying to us

not one of the six basic emotions

where transduction takes place in the eye

in Freudian personality theory, the "referee" between the other parts of the human personality

Skinner removes electrification in floor of the rat box when the rat pushes the lever (goal is to get rat to push lever)

not an element of evidence-based therapy

Lawrence is very anxious and believes he is very sick, but there is no physical cause of ailments. Diagnosis . . .

this phenomenon of development means a child can explore his nearby environment securely, because caregiver is nearby

a stressor can help performance if it is moderate and short-term, and if we view it as a challenge rather than a threat

the dog still salvates (as the food is presented with it) to the sound of a slightly different pitch of the tuning fork

You need this stage of sleep most to feel refreshed in the morning

especially responsible for emotions, scientists call this part of the brain the "lizard brain"

the school of therapy most successful in treating phobias

Fred presents at the ER after having gained 50 pounds in one month due to very excessive eating. Likely diagnosis . . .

unconscious processing of stimuli, from the thalamus to the amygdala to the hypothalamus

the ability to sort out the correct solution from all the possible solutions

the failure to observe on thing because we are so fixed on another thing (the dancing bear among the basketball players)

the thin layer of nerve tissue, also known as "gray matter," that forms the outer 1-4 millimeters of the brain

ability to reason quickly or abstractly

not a theory as to why puberty is happening earlier in life in the last 60 years

not one of the three intelligences proposed by Robert Sternberg (1985, 1999, 2003)

the phenomenon that the dogs stops salivating after the tuning fork is sounded several times but no food is presented

a signal that a neuron should pass a neural impulse along its axon

the "tentacle" of a neuron that receive neural impulses into the cell and passes the neural impulses to the next neuron

Jane presents at the hospital ER believing herself to be Queen Elizabeth II. Likely diagnosis would be . . .

the conditioned stimulus in Pavlov's experiments with dogs and tuning forks

"I am rich and influential because I deserve to be, given my talents and IQ"-- an example of

purpose of Bobo Doll experiment (Bandura, 1961) was to demonstrate . . .

researcher on intelligence who first suggested the existence of a g-factor underlying all intelligences

models for behavior-- especially aggressive behavior-- set by the media

according to Maslow, the stage of development that involves becoming everything one is able to become

The theory that dreams are the effort of our brains mainly to process and deal with the previous 24 hours