D-MOD STUDY GUIDE THREE

121 termsStudBud Administration75 plays

STUDY GUIDES

Flashcards121 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 121

Answers

1
The study of substances that lack the element carbon, but may contain the element hydrogen?
Physical chemistry
Inorganic chemistry
Stereochemistry
Biochemistry
2
Change in the form of a substance that does not cause a chemical reaction is a(n) _____ change.
matter
physical
anion
chemical
3
The hair is wrapped at an angle causing the hair to spiral along the length of the rod.
croqiognole perm wrap
spiral perm wrap
basic permanent wrap
curvature permanent wrap
4
All haircolor products are organic chemicals, which means they _____.
are natural and healthly
contain non-synthetic ingredients
contain carbon and hydrogen
lack carbon but may contain hydrogen
5
Over processed hair that is further processed becomes ___and causes further damage and breakage
curlier
shorter
straighter
tinted
6
What chemical side bonds are formed when two sulfur-type chains are joined together?
Peptide bonds
Disulfide bonds
Keratin bonds
Amino acids
7
What determines the size of the curl in a permanent waving process?
The color of the hair
The texture of the hair
The length of the hair
The size of the rod
8
The active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanent waves is _____.
ammonium thioglycolate
hydrogen thioglycolate
glyceryl monothioglycolate
alkaline acids
9
What is an example of an oil-in-water emulsion of two immiscible liquids?
Glycerin
Nail primer
Cold cream
Silicone
10
What is the most common neutralizer?
Sodium chloride b. Chlorine c. Hydrogen peroxide d. Oxygen
Oxygen
Hydrogen peroxide
Chlorine
11
Position of the rod in relation to its base section and angle at which the hair is wrapped.
Base sections
Base wrapping
Base placement
Base direction
12
Wrap that utilizes partings and bases throughout the panels to follow the curvature of the head
Spiral perm wrap
Spiral perm wrap
Basic permanent wrap
Curvature permanent wrap
13
Chemical hair texturizers temporarily raise the pH of the hair to an alkaline state to _____.
harden and close the shaft
swell and set the shaft
soften and swell the shaft
expand and harden the shaft
14
The angle at which a permanent wave rod is positioned on the head is referred to as _____.
diagonal technique
base direction
rod direction
wrapping point
15
“Having an affinity or attraction to fat and oils (oil-loving)” is defined as _____.
lyophilic
oligophilic
lipophilic
oxyphilic
16
Mutually soluble liquids that can be mixed together to form clear solutions are _____.
solvents
miscible
fusible
compatible
17
__ is a 2-step process in which hair goes through a physical change and chemical change
Cascade curling
Permanent waving
Chemical texture service
Temporary waving
18
The chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements produces a(n) _____.
compound
neutral
acid
solution
19
Substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products are _____.
volatile alcohols
carbons
alkanolamines
silicones
20
Term pH is an abbreviation for potential __ and represents the quantity of __ ions in solution.
oxygen; oxygen
oxygen; nitrogen
hydrogen; hydrogen
hydrogen; oxygen
21
What are the most common reducing agents used in permanent waving?
Hydrogen acids
Hydrogen peroxide
Thioglycolic acids
Ammonia water
22
What is an example of an oil-in-water emulsion of two immiscible liquids?
Silicone
Cold cream
Glycerin
Nail primer
23
A chemical combination of matter in definite (fixed) proportions is a _____.
pure combination
physical mixture
pure substance
physical blend
24
What state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?
Gas
Liquid
Vapor
Solid
25
An unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances is a(n) _____.
emulsion
synthesis
suspension
solution
26
An ion with a positive electrical charge is considered to be _____.
neutral
an anion
nonaqueous
a cation
27
Three types of side bonds responsible for the elasticity and strength of the hair in the cortex
disulfide, salt, and hydrogen
disulfide, trisulfide, and hydrogen
disulfide, chlorine, and hydrogen
disulfide, salt, and oxygen
28
In the cortex, the waving solution breaks disulfide bonds through a chemical reaction called _.
alkaline
rearranging
reduction
normalization
29
What is the most common neutralizer?
Sodium chloride
Hydrogen peroxide
Chlorine
Oxygen
30
Hydrogen bonds are weak physical side bonds easily broken by water or heat reforms when hair is
styled
dried
stretched
softened
31
A characteristic of all inorganic substances is that they _____.
burn easily
contain hydrogen
lack carbon
are derived from living things
32
All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into _____.
base sections
panels
subsections
parts
33
Layer of hair directly beneath the cuticle layer responsible for strength and elasticity.
. Cuticle
Cortex
Hair shaft
. Medulla
34
What is an example of a chemical property?
Ability to rust
Boiling point
Density
Solubility
35
Position of the rod in relation to its base section is determined by the angle hair is wrapped.
Base direction
Base wrapping
Base sections
Base placement
36
What perm rods are equal in diameter along their entire length or curling area?
Convex rods
Spiral rods
Conventional rods
Straight rods
37
The _____ uses only one end paper, placed over the top of the hair strand.
bookend wrap
double flat wrap
single flat wrap
spiral wrap
38
Air contains many substances, including nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, is an example of
physical mixture
chemical compound
pure substance
chemical change
39
What waving solutions use an ingredient other than ATG, as the primary reducing agent?
Exothermic
Thio-free
Endothermic
Ammonia-free
40
A sweet, colorless, oily substance that is used as a moisturizer in skin and body creams is __.
ammonia
alkanolamines
silicone
glycerin
41
What is another name for the double-rod wrap technique?
Weave technique
Straight wrap
Piggyback wrap
Spiral wrap
42
Rapid oxidation of a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light, is known as
physical mixture
pure combination
pure substance
physical blend
43
An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge is a(n) _____.
ion
conductor
current
electrolyte
44
Exothermic waves create a chemical reaction that heats the waving solution and speeds up _____.
conditioning
processing
neutralizing
formulation
45
There are __naturally occurring elements with its own distinct physical and chemical properties
98
68
118
138
46
The branch of science that applies to substances that contain carbon is called _____ chemistry.
environmental
organic
structural
inorganic b. organic c. environmental d. structural
47
Without a thorough understanding of _____, cosmetologists could, cause harm to clients.
immunology
branding
chemistry
color theory
48
What is the most common type of perm rod?
Concave rods
Curved rods
Soft bender rods
Straight rods
49
Chemically combining two or more atoms produces a _____.
mixture
molecule
substance
miscible
50
Simplest form of chemical matter that cannot be broken down without loss of identity is a(n)
mineral
energy
substance
element
51
Modern acid waves are actually __waves, which are permanent waves that have a 7.0 or neutral pH
weaker
stronger
alkaline-balanced
acid-balanced
52
A combination of a thio relaxer and a thio permanent wrapped on large rods is a _____.
soft curl permanent
permanent wave
full curl permanent
relaxer retouch
53
What are long, coiled polypeptide chains linked together end-to-end like beads?
Polypeptide chains
Keratin proteins
Amino acids
Peptide bonds
54
What is the main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions?
Glyceryl monothioglycolate
Sodium hydrochloride
Sodium hydroxide
Ammonium thioglycolic
55
The perm wrap where one end paper is placed under and another is placed over the strand of hair
single flat wrap
bookend wrap
double flat wrap
spiral wrap
56
___waves are perm solutions based on sulfites, usually sold as body waves or alternative waves.
Exothermic
Ammonia-free
Low-pH
Endothermic
57
What state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?
Vapor
Gas
Liquid
Solid
58
What exteroir layer of the hair has the purpose of protecting the hair from damage?
Cuticle
Medulla
Cortex
Hair shaft
59
A sweet, colorless, oily substance that is used as a moisturizer in skin and body creams is __.
glycerin
ammonia
alkanolamines
silicone
60
Water and alcohol _____.
form distinct layers when combined
are examples of miscible liquids
are insoluble substances
form a suspension when mixed together
61
Caution should be used with on-base rod placement to avoid additional _____.
curl patterns
sectioning of hair
stress and tension on hair
increased volume
62
What term refers to the separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions?
Dissolution
Deionization
Aeration
Ionization
63
An unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances is a(n) _____.
emulsion
solution
suspension
synthesis
64
In permanent waving, the shape and type of curl are determined by shape and type of rod and ___
sectioning
long rods
wrapping method
hair length
65
In the croquignole method of wrapping, hair is wound from ___ in overlapping concentric layers.
scalp to the ends
shortest to the longest
ends to the scalp
longest to the shortest
66
_ of the permanent waving solution is determined by the amount of the reducing agent, or thio.
concentration
. strength
durability
shelf-life
67
A solution with a pH value of seven indicates a(n) _____ solution.
acidic
alkaline
volatile
neutral
68
The range of numbers used in the pH scale is _____.
0 to 5
0 to 10
0 to 14
0 to 7
69
A stable physical mixture of two or more substances in a solvent is a(n) _____.
solution
blend
emulsion
solute
70
Most alkaline permanent waves have a pH between _____.
4.5 and 5.5
6.0 and 7.0
9.0 and 9.6
10.0 and 11.0
71
Alkaline waves, also known as _____, were developed in 1941.
cold waves
strong waves
hot waves
weak waves
72
Sodium chloride is an example of a(n) _____.
mineral
compound molecule
atom
element
73
Technique for blending between perm rods, with opposite base directions, using zigzag parts.
Spiral perm wrap
Curvature permanent wrap
Weave technique
Basic permanent wrap
74
Being “capable of combining with or attracting water (water-loving)” is defined as _____.
acidophilic
hydrophilic
halophilic
lipophilic b. halophilic c. hydrophilic d. acidophilic
75
An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge is a(n) _____.
ion
conductor
current
electrolyte
76
Which chemical bonds join amino acids together in long chains, to form a polypeptide chain?
Peptide bonds
Amino acids
Keratin proteins
Polypeptide chains
77
Simplest form of chemical matter that cannot be broken down without the loss of identity is __.
substance
mineral
element
energy
78
The _____ uses one end paper folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope.
single flat wrap
double flat wrap
bookend wrap
spiral wrap
79
The two methods of wrapping the hair around a perm rod are _____.
croquignole and spiral
flat and spiral
croquignole and even
spiral and perpendicular
80
Which compounds are made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur?
Polypeptide chains
Peptide bonds
Amino acids
Keratin proteins
81
Chemically combining two or more atoms produces a _____.
molecule
mixture b. substance c. molecule d. miscible
miscible
substance
82
Basic unit of matter consisting of a central nucleus surrounded by electrons negatively charged
neutron
ion
atom
proton
83
Chemical reaction that results in oxidizing agent being reduced - reducing agent being oxidized
Decomposition
Redox
Neutralization
Simple displacement
84
The oxidation of haircolor is an example of a _____.
reversible process
physical change
chemical change
85
A substance, usually liquid, that dissolves another substance to form a solution is a(n) _____.
solid
solvent
immiscible
solute
86
The study of substances that lack the element carbon, but may contain the element hydrogen?
Biochemistry
Inorganic chemistry
Physical chemistry
Stereochemistry
87
__is the measurement of the thickness or thinness of a liquid that affects how the fluid flows.
Movement
Fluidity
Viscosity
Liquidity
88
Process that stops the action of permanent wave solution, rebuilds hair into its new form is __
normalization
thio neutralization
rinsing
sectioning
89
What are some of the basic building blocks of hair that affect how chemical solutions react?
Amino acids, peptide bonds, polypeptide chains side bonds
oxygen peptide bonds, polypeptide chains keratin protein
Amino acids peptide bonds, polypeptide chains hydrogen bonds
Amino acids, peptide bonds, polypeptide chains, , and oxygen
90
_____ minimizes stress and tension on the hair.
On-base placement
Half off-base placement
Off-base placement
Base placement
91
Weak physical side bonds from electrical charges, and are easily broken by changes in pH?
Hydrogen bonds
Disulfide bonds
Keratin proteins
Salt bonds
92
Waves that are activated from an outside heat source, are _____ waves.
exothermic
stabilized
endothermic
acid
93
In permanent waving, panels of hair are divided into smaller subsections called _____.
outer sections
rod sections
placements
base sections
94
Change in the form of a substance that does not cause a chemical reaction is a(n) _____ change.
chemical
matter
physical
anion
95
The ____ measures acidity and alkalinity of a substance by measuring quantity of hydrogen ions
oxygen content
salinity
radioactivity level
pH scale
96
Wrapping pattern where all rods in a panel move in same direction positioned on same size base:
basic permanent wrap
curvature permanent wrap
spiral perm wrap
weave technique weave technique
97
What are the basic building blocks of hair that affect how chemical solutions react?
Amino acids, peptide bonds keratin proteins, hydrogen bonds
Amino acids, peptide bonds, polypeptide chains, side bonds
Amino acids, peptide bonds keratin proteins and square bonds
Amino acids, peptide bonds, polypeptide chains, and oxygen
98
In permanent waving, panels of hair are divided into smaller subsections called _____.
outer sections
rod sections
base sections
placements
99
Sodium chloride is an example of a(n) _____.
compound molecule
element
atom
mineral
100
In the restructuring process, coarse, resistant hair requires a chemical solution that is ___.
highly alkaline
slightly alkaline
strongly acidic
mildly acidic
101
What is an example of an ammonia compound that is used to perform chemical services in a salon?
Cetyl alcohol
Ammonium hydroxide
Ionization hydroxide
Silicone solutions
102
Most acid waves used in salons have a pH value between _____.
7.8 and 8.2
9.0 and 10.0
5.5 and 6.5
10.1 and 10.5
103
___ is the innermost layer of the hair, and often called the pith or core of the hair?
Cortex
Medulla
Cuticle
Hair shaft
104
Soft foam perm rods are about 12" long with a uniform diameter the entire length of the rod.
Soft bender rods
Concave rods
Straight rods
Curved rods
105
In permanent waving, the reduction reaction is due to the addition of _____.
oxygen
sodium
hydrogen
carbon
106
What are the most common reducing agents used in permanent waving?
Thioglycolic acids
Ammonia water
Hydrogen acids
Hydrogen peroxide
107
Hair that has too many broken disulfide bonds and will not hold a firm curl is considered ____.
underprocessed
tinted
under neutralized
overprocessed
108
Base sections are offset from each other row by row to prevent splits in __ , wrapping pattern.
Weave technique
Basic permanent wrap
Straight wrap set
Bricklay permanent wrap
109
Chemical reactions that are characterized by giving off heat are _____.
oxidized
exothermic
neutralized
acidic
110
___ gives the ability to change the hair’s natural curl pattern, offering a variety of options
Natural hair services
Chemical texture services
Alternative texture services
Chemical hair softening
111
All acid waves have three components: permanent waving lotion, neutralizer, and _____.
stabilizer
prewrap
activator
conditioner
112
You start the application of the chemical relaxer, often considered the most resistant area?
Front hairline
Back of the head
Scalp area
Side area
113
What is the second factor in the overall strength of the waving solution?
Amount used
Ammonium thioglycolate
Length of the hair
Degree of alkalinity
114
__rods have a uniform diameter the length of the rod secured by fastening the ends together.
Soft bender rods
Loop rods
Curved rods
Concave rods
115
There are __ naturally occurring elements, each its own physical and chemical properties.
98
118
68
138
116
A common volatile organic compound used in hair spray is _____.
ionized water
hydrogen peroxide
ethyl alcohol
ammonia water
117
In permanent waving shape and type of curl are determined by the shape and type of rod and ___.
hair length
wrapping method
long rods
sectioning
118
Technique for blending between perm rods with opposite base directions using zigzag partings:
Spiral perm wrap
Curvature permanent wrap
Basic permanent wrap
Weave technique
119
_, often found in home haircolor products, leaves a coating on hair that may cause hair damage.
Ammonia
Waving solution
Peroxide
Metallic salts
120
Substances that allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify, are _____.
suspensions
mixtures
particles
surfactants
121
Being “capable of combining with or attracting water (water-loving)” is defined as _____.
acidophilic
lipophilic
halophilic
hydrophilic

D-MOD STUDY GUIDE THREE Flashcards | StudBud

D-MOD STUDY GUIDE THREE

121 termsStudBud Administration75 plays

STUDY GUIDES

Flashcards121 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 121

Answers

1
The study of substances that lack the element carbon, but may contain the element hydrogen?
Physical chemistry
Inorganic chemistry
Stereochemistry
Biochemistry
2
Change in the form of a substance that does not cause a chemical reaction is a(n) _____ change.
matter
physical
anion
chemical
3
The hair is wrapped at an angle causing the hair to spiral along the length of the rod.
croqiognole perm wrap
spiral perm wrap
basic permanent wrap
curvature permanent wrap
4
All haircolor products are organic chemicals, which means they _____.
are natural and healthly
contain non-synthetic ingredients
contain carbon and hydrogen
lack carbon but may contain hydrogen
5
Over processed hair that is further processed becomes ___and causes further damage and breakage
curlier
shorter
straighter
tinted
6
What chemical side bonds are formed when two sulfur-type chains are joined together?
Peptide bonds
Disulfide bonds
Keratin bonds
Amino acids
7
What determines the size of the curl in a permanent waving process?
The color of the hair
The texture of the hair
The length of the hair
The size of the rod
8
The active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline permanent waves is _____.
ammonium thioglycolate
hydrogen thioglycolate
glyceryl monothioglycolate
alkaline acids
9
What is an example of an oil-in-water emulsion of two immiscible liquids?
Glycerin
Nail primer
Cold cream
Silicone
10
What is the most common neutralizer?
Sodium chloride b. Chlorine c. Hydrogen peroxide d. Oxygen
Oxygen
Hydrogen peroxide
Chlorine
11
Position of the rod in relation to its base section and angle at which the hair is wrapped.
Base sections
Base wrapping
Base placement
Base direction
12
Wrap that utilizes partings and bases throughout the panels to follow the curvature of the head
Spiral perm wrap
Spiral perm wrap
Basic permanent wrap
Curvature permanent wrap
13
Chemical hair texturizers temporarily raise the pH of the hair to an alkaline state to _____.
harden and close the shaft
swell and set the shaft
soften and swell the shaft
expand and harden the shaft
14
The angle at which a permanent wave rod is positioned on the head is referred to as _____.
diagonal technique
base direction
rod direction
wrapping point
15
“Having an affinity or attraction to fat and oils (oil-loving)” is defined as _____.
lyophilic
oligophilic
lipophilic
oxyphilic
16
Mutually soluble liquids that can be mixed together to form clear solutions are _____.
solvents
miscible
fusible
compatible
17
__ is a 2-step process in which hair goes through a physical change and chemical change
Cascade curling
Permanent waving
Chemical texture service
Temporary waving
18
The chemical combination of two or more atoms of different elements produces a(n) _____.
compound
neutral
acid
solution
19
Substances used to neutralize acids or raise the pH of many hair products are _____.
volatile alcohols
carbons
alkanolamines
silicones
20
Term pH is an abbreviation for potential __ and represents the quantity of __ ions in solution.
oxygen; oxygen
oxygen; nitrogen
hydrogen; hydrogen
hydrogen; oxygen
21
What are the most common reducing agents used in permanent waving?
Hydrogen acids
Hydrogen peroxide
Thioglycolic acids
Ammonia water
22
What is an example of an oil-in-water emulsion of two immiscible liquids?
Silicone
Cold cream
Glycerin
Nail primer
23
A chemical combination of matter in definite (fixed) proportions is a _____.
pure combination
physical mixture
pure substance
physical blend
24
What state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?
Gas
Liquid
Vapor
Solid
25
An unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances is a(n) _____.
emulsion
synthesis
suspension
solution
26
An ion with a positive electrical charge is considered to be _____.
neutral
an anion
nonaqueous
a cation
27
Three types of side bonds responsible for the elasticity and strength of the hair in the cortex
disulfide, salt, and hydrogen
disulfide, trisulfide, and hydrogen
disulfide, chlorine, and hydrogen
disulfide, salt, and oxygen
28
In the cortex, the waving solution breaks disulfide bonds through a chemical reaction called _.
alkaline
rearranging
reduction
normalization
29
What is the most common neutralizer?
Sodium chloride
Hydrogen peroxide
Chlorine
Oxygen
30
Hydrogen bonds are weak physical side bonds easily broken by water or heat reforms when hair is
styled
dried
stretched
softened
31
A characteristic of all inorganic substances is that they _____.
burn easily
contain hydrogen
lack carbon
are derived from living things
32
All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into _____.
base sections
panels
subsections
parts
33
Layer of hair directly beneath the cuticle layer responsible for strength and elasticity.
. Cuticle
Cortex
Hair shaft
. Medulla
34
What is an example of a chemical property?
Ability to rust
Boiling point
Density
Solubility
35
Position of the rod in relation to its base section is determined by the angle hair is wrapped.
Base direction
Base wrapping
Base sections
Base placement
36
What perm rods are equal in diameter along their entire length or curling area?
Convex rods
Spiral rods
Conventional rods
Straight rods
37
The _____ uses only one end paper, placed over the top of the hair strand.
bookend wrap
double flat wrap
single flat wrap
spiral wrap
38
Air contains many substances, including nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, is an example of
physical mixture
chemical compound
pure substance
chemical change
39
What waving solutions use an ingredient other than ATG, as the primary reducing agent?
Exothermic
Thio-free
Endothermic
Ammonia-free
40
A sweet, colorless, oily substance that is used as a moisturizer in skin and body creams is __.
ammonia
alkanolamines
silicone
glycerin
41
What is another name for the double-rod wrap technique?
Weave technique
Straight wrap
Piggyback wrap
Spiral wrap
42
Rapid oxidation of a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light, is known as
physical mixture
pure combination
pure substance
physical blend
43
An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge is a(n) _____.
ion
conductor
current
electrolyte
44
Exothermic waves create a chemical reaction that heats the waving solution and speeds up _____.
conditioning
processing
neutralizing
formulation
45
There are __naturally occurring elements with its own distinct physical and chemical properties
98
68
118
138
46
The branch of science that applies to substances that contain carbon is called _____ chemistry.
environmental
organic
structural
inorganic b. organic c. environmental d. structural
47
Without a thorough understanding of _____, cosmetologists could, cause harm to clients.
immunology
branding
chemistry
color theory
48
What is the most common type of perm rod?
Concave rods
Curved rods
Soft bender rods
Straight rods
49
Chemically combining two or more atoms produces a _____.
mixture
molecule
substance
miscible
50
Simplest form of chemical matter that cannot be broken down without loss of identity is a(n)
mineral
energy
substance
element
51
Modern acid waves are actually __waves, which are permanent waves that have a 7.0 or neutral pH
weaker
stronger
alkaline-balanced
acid-balanced
52
A combination of a thio relaxer and a thio permanent wrapped on large rods is a _____.
soft curl permanent
permanent wave
full curl permanent
relaxer retouch
53
What are long, coiled polypeptide chains linked together end-to-end like beads?
Polypeptide chains
Keratin proteins
Amino acids
Peptide bonds
54
What is the main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions?
Glyceryl monothioglycolate
Sodium hydrochloride
Sodium hydroxide
Ammonium thioglycolic
55
The perm wrap where one end paper is placed under and another is placed over the strand of hair
single flat wrap
bookend wrap
double flat wrap
spiral wrap
56
___waves are perm solutions based on sulfites, usually sold as body waves or alternative waves.
Exothermic
Ammonia-free
Low-pH
Endothermic
57
What state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?
Vapor
Gas
Liquid
Solid
58
What exteroir layer of the hair has the purpose of protecting the hair from damage?
Cuticle
Medulla
Cortex
Hair shaft
59
A sweet, colorless, oily substance that is used as a moisturizer in skin and body creams is __.
glycerin
ammonia
alkanolamines
silicone
60
Water and alcohol _____.
form distinct layers when combined
are examples of miscible liquids
are insoluble substances
form a suspension when mixed together
61
Caution should be used with on-base rod placement to avoid additional _____.
curl patterns
sectioning of hair
stress and tension on hair
increased volume
62
What term refers to the separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions?
Dissolution
Deionization
Aeration
Ionization
63
An unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances is a(n) _____.
emulsion
solution
suspension
synthesis
64
In permanent waving, the shape and type of curl are determined by shape and type of rod and ___
sectioning
long rods
wrapping method
hair length
65
In the croquignole method of wrapping, hair is wound from ___ in overlapping concentric layers.
scalp to the ends
shortest to the longest
ends to the scalp
longest to the shortest
66
_ of the permanent waving solution is determined by the amount of the reducing agent, or thio.
concentration
. strength
durability
shelf-life
67
A solution with a pH value of seven indicates a(n) _____ solution.
acidic
alkaline
volatile
neutral
68
The range of numbers used in the pH scale is _____.
0 to 5
0 to 10
0 to 14
0 to 7
69
A stable physical mixture of two or more substances in a solvent is a(n) _____.
solution
blend
emulsion
solute
70
Most alkaline permanent waves have a pH between _____.
4.5 and 5.5
6.0 and 7.0
9.0 and 9.6
10.0 and 11.0
71
Alkaline waves, also known as _____, were developed in 1941.
cold waves
strong waves
hot waves
weak waves
72
Sodium chloride is an example of a(n) _____.
mineral
compound molecule
atom
element
73
Technique for blending between perm rods, with opposite base directions, using zigzag parts.
Spiral perm wrap
Curvature permanent wrap
Weave technique
Basic permanent wrap
74
Being “capable of combining with or attracting water (water-loving)” is defined as _____.
acidophilic
hydrophilic
halophilic
lipophilic b. halophilic c. hydrophilic d. acidophilic
75
An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge is a(n) _____.
ion
conductor
current
electrolyte
76
Which chemical bonds join amino acids together in long chains, to form a polypeptide chain?
Peptide bonds
Amino acids
Keratin proteins
Polypeptide chains
77
Simplest form of chemical matter that cannot be broken down without the loss of identity is __.
substance
mineral
element
energy
78
The _____ uses one end paper folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope.
single flat wrap
double flat wrap
bookend wrap
spiral wrap
79
The two methods of wrapping the hair around a perm rod are _____.
croquignole and spiral
flat and spiral
croquignole and even
spiral and perpendicular
80
Which compounds are made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur?
Polypeptide chains
Peptide bonds
Amino acids
Keratin proteins
81
Chemically combining two or more atoms produces a _____.
molecule
mixture b. substance c. molecule d. miscible
miscible
substance
82
Basic unit of matter consisting of a central nucleus surrounded by electrons negatively charged
neutron
ion
atom
proton
83
Chemical reaction that results in oxidizing agent being reduced - reducing agent being oxidized
Decomposition
Redox
Neutralization
Simple displacement
84
The oxidation of haircolor is an example of a _____.
reversible process
physical change
chemical change
85
A substance, usually liquid, that dissolves another substance to form a solution is a(n) _____.
solid
solvent
immiscible
solute
86
The study of substances that lack the element carbon, but may contain the element hydrogen?
Biochemistry
Inorganic chemistry
Physical chemistry
Stereochemistry
87
__is the measurement of the thickness or thinness of a liquid that affects how the fluid flows.
Movement
Fluidity
Viscosity
Liquidity
88
Process that stops the action of permanent wave solution, rebuilds hair into its new form is __
normalization
thio neutralization
rinsing
sectioning
89
What are some of the basic building blocks of hair that affect how chemical solutions react?
Amino acids, peptide bonds, polypeptide chains side bonds
oxygen peptide bonds, polypeptide chains keratin protein
Amino acids peptide bonds, polypeptide chains hydrogen bonds
Amino acids, peptide bonds, polypeptide chains, , and oxygen
90
_____ minimizes stress and tension on the hair.
On-base placement
Half off-base placement
Off-base placement
Base placement
91
Weak physical side bonds from electrical charges, and are easily broken by changes in pH?
Hydrogen bonds
Disulfide bonds
Keratin proteins
Salt bonds
92
Waves that are activated from an outside heat source, are _____ waves.
exothermic
stabilized
endothermic
acid
93
In permanent waving, panels of hair are divided into smaller subsections called _____.
outer sections
rod sections
placements
base sections
94
Change in the form of a substance that does not cause a chemical reaction is a(n) _____ change.
chemical
matter
physical
anion
95
The ____ measures acidity and alkalinity of a substance by measuring quantity of hydrogen ions
oxygen content
salinity
radioactivity level
pH scale
96
Wrapping pattern where all rods in a panel move in same direction positioned on same size base:
basic permanent wrap
curvature permanent wrap
spiral perm wrap
weave technique weave technique
97
What are the basic building blocks of hair that affect how chemical solutions react?
Amino acids, peptide bonds keratin proteins, hydrogen bonds
Amino acids, peptide bonds, polypeptide chains, side bonds
Amino acids, peptide bonds keratin proteins and square bonds
Amino acids, peptide bonds, polypeptide chains, and oxygen
98
In permanent waving, panels of hair are divided into smaller subsections called _____.
outer sections
rod sections
base sections
placements
99
Sodium chloride is an example of a(n) _____.
compound molecule
element
atom
mineral
100
In the restructuring process, coarse, resistant hair requires a chemical solution that is ___.
highly alkaline
slightly alkaline
strongly acidic
mildly acidic
101
What is an example of an ammonia compound that is used to perform chemical services in a salon?
Cetyl alcohol
Ammonium hydroxide
Ionization hydroxide
Silicone solutions
102
Most acid waves used in salons have a pH value between _____.
7.8 and 8.2
9.0 and 10.0
5.5 and 6.5
10.1 and 10.5
103
___ is the innermost layer of the hair, and often called the pith or core of the hair?
Cortex
Medulla
Cuticle
Hair shaft
104
Soft foam perm rods are about 12" long with a uniform diameter the entire length of the rod.
Soft bender rods
Concave rods
Straight rods
Curved rods
105
In permanent waving, the reduction reaction is due to the addition of _____.
oxygen
sodium
hydrogen
carbon
106
What are the most common reducing agents used in permanent waving?
Thioglycolic acids
Ammonia water
Hydrogen acids
Hydrogen peroxide
107
Hair that has too many broken disulfide bonds and will not hold a firm curl is considered ____.
underprocessed
tinted
under neutralized
overprocessed
108
Base sections are offset from each other row by row to prevent splits in __ , wrapping pattern.
Weave technique
Basic permanent wrap
Straight wrap set
Bricklay permanent wrap
109
Chemical reactions that are characterized by giving off heat are _____.
oxidized
exothermic
neutralized
acidic
110
___ gives the ability to change the hair’s natural curl pattern, offering a variety of options
Natural hair services
Chemical texture services
Alternative texture services
Chemical hair softening
111
All acid waves have three components: permanent waving lotion, neutralizer, and _____.
stabilizer
prewrap
activator
conditioner
112
You start the application of the chemical relaxer, often considered the most resistant area?
Front hairline
Back of the head
Scalp area
Side area
113
What is the second factor in the overall strength of the waving solution?
Amount used
Ammonium thioglycolate
Length of the hair
Degree of alkalinity
114
__rods have a uniform diameter the length of the rod secured by fastening the ends together.
Soft bender rods
Loop rods
Curved rods
Concave rods
115
There are __ naturally occurring elements, each its own physical and chemical properties.
98
118
68
138
116
A common volatile organic compound used in hair spray is _____.
ionized water
hydrogen peroxide
ethyl alcohol
ammonia water
117
In permanent waving shape and type of curl are determined by the shape and type of rod and ___.
hair length
wrapping method
long rods
sectioning
118
Technique for blending between perm rods with opposite base directions using zigzag partings:
Spiral perm wrap
Curvature permanent wrap
Basic permanent wrap
Weave technique
119
_, often found in home haircolor products, leaves a coating on hair that may cause hair damage.
Ammonia
Waving solution
Peroxide
Metallic salts
120
Substances that allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify, are _____.
suspensions
mixtures
particles
surfactants
121
Being “capable of combining with or attracting water (water-loving)” is defined as _____.
acidophilic
lipophilic
halophilic
hydrophilic