The purpose of the Council of Trent was to

direct the reform of the Catholic Church

What type of art did Michelangelo's work on the Sistine Chapel reflect that was typical during the Renaissance?

ideas of humanism reflected in religious themes

What were Isaac Newton's theories about the workings of the universe

Newton believed that gravity keeps the planets in orbit around the sun.

What general conclusion did Isaac Newton's observation of gravity have on the way we understand the Universe?

explains and governs the motion of the planets and stars

What was the historically significant difference between Renaissance and medieval thought?

focus on the divine as inspiration for creative & intellectual perspective

Martin Luther believed that

Faith and scripture were all that a person needed

How did the Dutch priest and humanist Erasmus influence the intellectual impact of the Renaissance?

He used his literary skills to press for both religious and social reform.

How was Renaissance art different from the art of the Middle Ages?

it was more realistic and displayed some non-religious subjects

Leonardo da Vinci is often referred to as a true “Renaissance Man.” Why has he come to symbolize the spirit of the era?

His interests and body of work spanned many subjects

How did Rene Descartes help impact thinking during the Scientific Revolution?

He applied the theory of truth before starting scientific observations.

How did the message of the Reformation spread through Europe?

The printing press spread Luthers writings through pamphlets &broadsheets.

Which of these factors influenced the start of the Renaissance in Italy?

City-states controlled trade that provided for the spread of new ideas.

How do Shakespeare's plays reflect the central literary themes common throughout the Renaissance?

They explore the universal themes & portray classical figures and subjects.

Which events spurred on the Scientific Revolution?

Reformation ideas challenged Church views of the universe.

How did the Catholic Church respond to the Protestant Reformation?

It enacted its own reforms, called the Counter-Reformation

The main goal of the Jesuits was to

defend, restore, and spread the Catholic faith

How was the Scientific Revolution inspired by the Renaissance?

The Renaissance spirit of inquiry helped explore beyond ancient knowledge.

What is the most accurate statement about the printing press?

Numbers of books in European cities soared beyond imagination.

What central idea that Erasmus strived to achieve?

make religion more accessible by translating the Bible

Why was Copernicus's theory about the universe significant for the Scientific Revolution?

first to say earth moves around the sun

What changes did the Catholic Church make during the Catholic Reformation?

It provided penalties for corruption among the clergy.

What was the eventual result of the scientific contributions of René Descartes and Francis Bacon?

A new scientific method: inquiry, experimentation and observation

What social changes did the printing press bring to Europe during the Renaissance?

They allowed new ideas to spread across Europe reaching more people.

Which is the best example of a theocracy?

A government run by religious leaders

How was Queen Elizabeth I a major influence in restoring unity in England through the Elizabethan Settlement?

She retained many Catholic traditions but kept England a Protestant nation.

How was the Medici family able to economically impact the Italian Renaissance from 1375 to 1500?

3 generations of the Medici used their wealth & status to support the arts.

Leonardo da Vinci is often referred to as a true “Renaissance Man.” Why has he come to symbolize the spirit of the era?

His interests and body of work spanned many subjects.

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Unit 5 Exam Review

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Questions 37

Answers

1
How did ideas from the Renaissance and Reformation contribute to the Scientific Revolution?
Neither challenged medieval views
Both endorsed feudalism
Both challenged medieval views
Both challenged the king’s views
2
The purpose of the Council of Trent was to
direct the reform of the Catholic Church
spread the catholic faith to distant lands
translate the Bible into the vernacular
fight Protestantism by rooting out heresy
3
What type of art did Michelangelo's work on the Sistine Chapel reflect that was typical during the Renaissance?
ideas of humanism reflected in religious themes
paintings that reflected society instead of individuals
Greek and Roman art in contemporary themes
artistic techniques with people in beautiful landscape settings
4
What were Isaac Newton's theories about the workings of the universe
Newton believed that all motion in the universe can be measured.
Newton believed that gravity keeps the planets in orbit around the sun.
Newton believed that the universe was controlled by divine forces.
Newton believed that gravity kept the earth at the center of the universe.
5
What general conclusion did Isaac Newton's observation of gravity have on the way we understand the Universe?
It's the missing link needed to link astronomy, physics, and math
Force explains why the sun is the center of the solar system
explains and governs the motion of the planets and stars
physics use gravity to help illustrate and model a form of calculus
6
What was the historically significant difference between Renaissance and medieval thought?
renewed focus on spirituality over secular doctrine
shift to humanism instead of religious studies
less emphasis on classical scholarship in favor of new methods of inquiry
focus on the divine as inspiration for creative & intellectual perspective
7
Martin Luther believed that
The state should be sepertae from religion
All seven sacraments should be retained in the church
A person must do good works in order to get into heaven
Faith and scripture were all that a person needed
8
How did the Dutch priest and humanist Erasmus influence the intellectual impact of the Renaissance?
He supported a utopian society that was challenged by the Catholic Church.
He rivaled Shakespeare in producing many plays in classical languages.
He used his literary skills to press for both religious and social reform.
He wrote in the Greek vernacular to promote the Bible for the public.
9
How was Renaissance art different from the art of the Middle Ages?
it was always based on Greek and Roman subjects
it was less realistic and displayed on religious subjects
it was more realistic and displayed some non-religious subjects
it was usually placed in churches and other religious spaces
10
Leonardo da Vinci is often referred to as a true “Renaissance Man.” Why has he come to symbolize the spirit of the era?
He excelled at everything he did
His interests and body of work spanned many subjects
His scientific works showed a level of genius
His paintings were the most famous
11
How did Rene Descartes help impact thinking during the Scientific Revolution?
He applied the theory of truth before starting scientific observations.
He adapted Newton's theories in new research and experiments.
He discovered new methods of understanding Plato's works.
He worked on a creating a process of scientific method and testing.
12
How did the message of the Reformation spread through Europe?
Lutheran missionaries carried his message to people throughout Europe.
The printing press spread Luthers writings through pamphlets &broadsheets.
Priests posted Luther's Theses on church doors to encourage debate.
Town councils that disapproved of the Church's wealth.
13
Which of these factors influenced the start of the Renaissance in Italy?
Banking centers had close ties to the Holy Roman Empire.
Medieval treasures from Greece were easily accessible.
City-states controlled trade that provided for the spread of new ideas.
Muslims had established centers of learning in southern Italy.
14
Which thinker is credited with establishing the basic principles of physics, including natural laws that govern gravity
Robert Boyle
René Descartes
Isaac Newton
Francis Bacon
15
Which of the following is an example of an abuse by the Roman Catholic Church during the Renaissance?
allowing monarchs to rule the Church
reducing fees for marriages and baptisms
selling indulgences
printing the Bible in the vernacular
16
How do Shakespeare's plays reflect the central literary themes common throughout the Renaissance?
They explore the universal themes & portray classical figures and subjects.
They advocate for political and religious reform.
They honor the scholarly achievements of a utopian society.
They analyze the politics of achieving political power in empires.
17
Which scientist was responsible for the heliocentric model of the universe?
Nicolaus Copernicus
René Descartes
Galileo Galilei
Pee Wee Herman
18
Which events spurred on the Scientific Revolution?
Data on the orbits of the planets proved that Galileo was correct.
Reformation ideas challenged Church views of the universe.
Scientists explained the physical universe with mathematics.
New thinking brought back ideas of Ptolemy and Aristotle.
19
How did the printing press affect the lives of everyday people during the Renaissance?
Literacy rates increased
Birth rates fell as people read about new medical advances
Religious differences came up as more people read the Bible
Rural population increased as more churches were built
20
The Scientific Method is based on
Church Doctrine
Aristotle's Laws
Greek Writers
Experimentation & Observation
21
How did the Catholic Church respond to the Protestant Reformation?
It compromised by embracing the Calvinist ideas of predestination.
It enacted its own reforms, called the Counter-Reformation
It erupts in turmoil & greater religious conflict.
The Inquisition starts pious new religious orders including the Jesuits and
22
The main goal of the Jesuits was to
defend, restore, and spread the Catholic faith
reform Spanish convents ad monasteries
end corruption within the Catholic Church
end the growth of Calvinism in England
23
Which scientist was responsible for the heliocentric model of the universe?
Galileo Galilei
Isaac Newton
Nicolaus Copernicus
René Descartes
24
How was the Scientific Revolution inspired by the Renaissance?
Renaissance artists depicted human anatomy more realistically.
The Renaissance discovery of perspective aided scientific research.
The Renaissance spirit of inquiry helped explore beyond ancient knowledge.
During the Renaissance, the Church was into scientific research & the arts.
25
Which idea differentiates the Protestant doctrines of Calvinism and Lutheranism?
belief in predestination
rejection of saints and indulgences
belief in purgatory
rejection of papal rule
26
What is the most accurate statement about the printing press?
Cities with printing presses more than doubled every ten years.
The quantity of new books in Italy spread rapidly from the technology.
The price of a 600-page handwritten book increased dramatically.
Numbers of books in European cities soared beyond imagination.
27
What central idea that Erasmus strived to achieve?
make religion more accessible by translating the Bible
form theocratic societies
form a Protestant Church that is free
promote the benefits of the printing revolution
28
Why was Copernicus's theory about the universe significant for the Scientific Revolution?
rejected Plato's theory
said planets travel in an ellipse
disproved Galileo's theory
first to say earth moves around the sun
29
What changes did the Catholic Church make during the Catholic Reformation?
It provided penalties for corruption among the clergy.
It restored a version of the Book of Common Prayer.
It stopped using the Inquisition to fight Protestantism.
It revised and updated many traditional Catholic beliefs.
30
What was the eventual result of the scientific contributions of René Descartes and Francis Bacon?
A new scientific method: inquiry, experimentation and observation
chemistry was established, which proposed that all matter is compose
geocentric view was discarded in favor of the heliocentric model.
Mathematics was used to see movement of planets, in which laws of gravity
31
What social changes did the printing press bring to Europe during the Renaissance?
The cities grew more migrants, became culturally rich, &grew economically.
They allowed new ideas to spread across Europe reaching more people.
The cities became culturally isolated with depressed economies.
They developed entire new classes of educated citizens.
32
Which is the best example of a theocracy?
A government run by religious leaders
A government run by citizens
A government run by monarchs
A government run by elected representative
33
How was Queen Elizabeth I a major influence in restoring unity in England through the Elizabethan Settlement?
She removed Catholic rituals and retained English in church services.
A compromise between spiritual leaders that she negotiated ended in a truce
She retained many Catholic traditions but kept England a Protestant nation.
The British removed her monarchy from control over religious matters.
34
How was the Medici family able to economically impact the Italian Renaissance from 1375 to 1500?
Giovanni sponsored the most famous artists of the day in Italy.
3 generations of the Medici used their wealth & status to support the arts.
A center of learning founded by Cosimo led to his election as a top leader.
The Medici used their financial connections to increase their net wealth.
35
Of the following, which word or phrase would you associate with John Calvin?
Penance
Purgatory
Universalism
Predestination
36
Leonardo da Vinci is often referred to as a true “Renaissance Man.” Why has he come to symbolize the spirit of the era?
His paintings were the greatest of their time.
His interests and body of work spanned many subjects.
His recognized genius would be shown in his before their time inventions.
He excelled at everything he did, making him equal with the greek gods.
37
Which scientist was responsible for the heliocentric model of the universe?
Rene Descartes
Robert Boyle
Nicolaus Copernicus
Francis Bacon

Unit 5 Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud