Chapter 6 Review 1

Which one of the following terms does not belong with the rest?

Water and certain types of minerals can act as natural lubricants, which prevent a fault from becoming locked.

The property (or properties) of a material that allow(s) it to change shape without breaking under stress is (are) _____

The amount of strain that a rock can handle without breaking is related to its property of __________.

One quake measures 6.0 on the Richter scale & one measures 7.0. How does the second quake's energy compare with the 1st?

Which of the following is an example of tension?

An ocean wave caused by an earthquake is called a(n) __________.

Subduction would most likely be occurring at a __________ boundary.

Which earthquake magnitude scale do geologists use to report to the public?

The Richter scale goes from 1 to 10.

It is now possible to predict earthquake hours, if not days, in advance.

The most important type of stress in producing earthquakes is tension.

The location of an earthquake epicenter is determined by the strength of the earthquake at seismic stations.

Most major faults in the United States are found in __________.

A strong earthquake can occur when a locked fault suddenly __________ with a jerk.

The horizontal direction of a fault is its __________.

Secondary, smaller earthquakes that result from a major earthquake are called __________.

An instrument that simply detects earth waves is a __________.

the indicator of the energy released by an earthquake

the center of earthquake activity

When a material stretches past its elastic limit, it __________ suddenly, releasing energy.

Seismic waves travel

The type of stress that is most significant in causing earthquakes is __________ stress.

strongest and slowest body waves

Rayleigh waves and Love waves are both examples of __________.

the point on Earth's surface above the center of earthquake activity

What is the major difference between a fault and a joint?

Which of the following can cause earthquakes?

A crack in a rock where movement has occurred is called a(n) __________.

Rocks in the crust can bend, stretch, and compress a little.

Tectonic plates that move toward each other at a boundary are called __________ plates.

Love and Rayleigh waves

Tectonic plates that spread apart from each other are called __________ plates.

Earthquakes are most common

Faults occur only on land.

first waves to arrive at a seismic station

Any shaking of the ground measurable by seismic instruments is called a(n) __________.

most destructive earth waves

second waves to arrive at a seismic station

Long cracks in the earth’s crust where sections of tectonic plates slide past each other are called __________.

Major faults are most often associated with mountain ranges.

What is the name of the longest strike-slip fault in southern California?

The Modified Mercalli Intensity scale measures earthquake __________.

The angle that the face of a fault makes with the horizontal is its __________.

An instrument that both detects and records earth waves is a __________.

Which of the following statements is true?

Modern seismologists believe that faults and earthquakes are caused by tectonic forces.

All types of rock, when under stress, respond in the same way.