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World History Midterm Review
World History Midterm Review
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1
The radical wing of the National Assembly were known as the
Jacobins
Montagnards
Marais
Giridons
2
The Renaissance artist famous for his sculpture of David and his paintings on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel
Niccolo Machiavelli
Leonardo da Vinci
Lorenzo de Medici
Michaelangelo
3
Pardons that could be purchased from priests to reduce the time a soul spent in Purgatory
sacraments
vestments
indulgences
simony
4
The economic system that Spain used in their American colonies to exploit the local native for free labor
feudal system
manorial system
encomienda system
zapata system
5
Which of the following was the final of Napoleon’s losses?
The Battle of Paris
The Battle of Austerlitz
The Battle of Waterloo
The Battle of Warsaw
6
The economic theory that a country’s strength depended on its wealth and colonies.
balance of trade
mercantilism
capitalism
Columbian Exchange
7
Why did Louis XIV force the French nobility to live most of the year at Versailles?
To attempt converting the nobility to Calvinism
To show off his new palace and to try and get the nobility to like him
To show his control over and to prevent them from conspiring against him
To provide for the defensive needs of the new palace
8
Which of the following was NOT included in the Declaration of the Rights of Man & Citizen?
Influence from Enlightenment thinkers such as Locke and Rousseau
Emphasis on the ideals of “Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité”
Guarantee of rights for all male citizens
Equal rights for women
9
Which of the following is true about Napoleon’s conquest of Europe
The French Army attempted an invasion of Britain
Napoleon lost most of the battles in the war
Napoleon defeated Russia & Austria at the Battle of Austerlitz
Napoleon’s navy was victorious at the Battle of Trafalgar
10
The Catholic reaction to the Protestant Reformation was called the
Renaissance
Counter-Reformation
Reconquista
Crusades
11
Which of the following occurred as a result of the War of the Spanish Succession?
France lost their claims to the Kingdom of Spain.
Prussia emerged as an important economic and military power.
Hapsburg claims to Polish territory were dropped.
Russia extended its territory to the shores of the Baltic Sea.
12
The meeting of the Catholic Church in 1545 to discuss the need to reform practices such as the sale of indulgences
Peace of Augsburg
Council of Trent
Reformation Parliament
Diet of Worms
13
The German priest that posted his 95 Theses at the University of Wittenberg and spoke out against church practices
Martin Luther
Huldrych Zwingli
John Calvin
John Knox
14
The Spanish conquistador that conquered the Aztec Empire in modern-day Mexico.
Bartolomé de las Casas
Hernan Cortes
Francisco Pizarro
Montezuma II
15
This French “Sun King” was the epitome of Absolutism
Alexandre IV
Peter the Great
Frederick the Great
Louis XIV
16
A scholarly & artistic emphasis on human and individual potential
scholasticism
empiricism
humanism
secularism
17
Which of the following was NOT a result of the Congress of Vienna?
The creation of an alliance system called the Concert of Europe
The end of the Holy Roman Empire
The reduction of France to pre-Revolution territories
Napoleon returning to France as Emperor
18
What was the purpose of the Continental System established by Napoleon in the 1800’s?
To punish Britain economically & starve them of resources
To prepare for an invasion of Russia
To increase trade between Europe & the Americas
To strengthen the economic ties between France and Britain
19
The belief that God knows the destination of all and knows who will be saved before they are even born
Sola Fide
Gom Jabbar
Predestination
Transubstantiation
20
Colbert’s economic policies ran into difficulties chiefly because of the:
wars of Louis XIV
loss of France’s colonial empire
abandonment of the salt tax
reckless spending by the nobility
21
In The Prince, Machiavelli asserted that
people are not trustworthy and cannot be relied on in time of need
the intelligent prince should keep his state neutral in the event of war
historical examples are useless for understanding political behavior
the prince should be guided by the ethical principles of Christianity
22
What impact did the Enlightenment have on the French Revolution?
Books & essays written by Enlightenment thinkers were banned in France
Many of the Enlightenment thinkers fought against foreign invasion
Members of the National Assembly were inspired by the Enlightenment
The king and nobility were inspired to rule with Enlightenment ideals
23
The king of England that separated from the Catholic Church so that he could divorce his wife
Charles V
Innocent III
William I
Henry VIII
24
Which of the following was NOT a major consequence of the European exploration and colonization in the Americas
The disruption of native populations in the Americas and Africa
The spread of crops and diseases across the world
The spread of Protestant missionaries
The growth of mercantilism as a national economic system
25
Which of the following was NOT a cause of the French Revolution
The rising prices of bread
France’s failed invasion of England
Ideas about liberty & freedom from Enlightenment thinkers
Oppression of the 3rd Estate by the 1st & 2nd
26
Which of the following was true of the monarchs of the 18th century inspired by the ideals of the Enlightenment?
They replaced the monarchy with a constitutional republic
They were inspired by the French Revolution to
Their reforms were limited but provided for religious toleration
They sought to consolidate their power by limiting the church & nobility
27
Martin Luther’s posting of his Ninety-five Theses in 1517 led to
the emergence of absolute monarchies
a decline in the expansion of overseas colonies
the beginning of the Crusades in the Middle East
a decline in the authority of the Catholic Church
28
Which of the following believed that liberty could be preserved through separation of powers and checks and balances?
Voltaire
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Thomas Hobbes
Montesquieu
29
Which event was a reaction to King Louis XVI’s firing of popular finance minister Jascques Necker
The Storming of the Bastille
The Women’s March on Versailles
The Flight to Varennes
The Great Fear
30
The revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685 had the most direct impact on which of the following groups in France?
Politiques
Calvinists
Peasants
Physiocrats
31
The Absolute Monarchs who applied ideals of the Enlightenment to their government & reforms were known as
Alliance Despots
Absolute Despots
Religious Despots
Enlightened Despots
32
The leader of the Jacobins and the head of the Committee for Public Safety
Maximilian Robespierre
Jean Paul Marat
Georges Danton
Napoleon Bonaparte
33
The period of sustained renewed interest and developments in art, literature, science, and learning
Counter-Reformation
Renaissance
Protestant Reformation
Crusades
34
The inventor of the moveable type printing press that was responsible for spreading writings around Europe
Albrecht Dürer
Sir Thomas More
Johannes Guttenburg
Jan van Eyck
35
Louis XVI’s wife who was disliked by the French population for her extravagant spending & disdain for the commoners
Marie Antoinette
Mary Wollenstonecraft
Olympe de Gouges
Charlotte Corday
36
Which of the following largely resolved the battle for sovereignty between crown and Parliament in England?
The Glorious Revolution
John Locke’s Second Treatise of Civil Government
The English Civil War
The acceptance of the divine right of kings
37
Thomas Hobbes’ Leviathan expressed all of the following ideas EXCEPT
Power in government should be held by the consent of the governed
People must give up some of their rights in exchange for safety and order
Humanity naturally exists in a chaotic state of nature
A strong centralized monarch is required to maintain safety and order
38
Enlightenment philosopher believed that each person was born with a tabula rasa and developed the idea of natural rights
John Locke
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Baron de Montesquieu
Thomas Hobbes
39
The Czar of Russia who sought to modernize and westernize Russian society, the economy, & navy
Louis XIV
Peter the Great
Alexandre IV
Frederick the Great
40
The exchange of crops, animals, and diseases from the “Old World” to the “New World”
capitalism
mercantilism
balance of trade
Columbian Exchange
41
Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the Peace of Westphalia?
It led to English domination over the regions of Normandy and Burgundy
It led to independent kingdoms in Germany and the Low Countries
It ended religious wars in Europe
It weakened the power of the Hapsburgs and increased the power of France
42
The network of trade between Europe, Africa, and European colonies in the Americas
triangular trade
subsidies
joint-stock company
Middle Passage
43
The agreement between Spain and Portugal that determined which territories would be ruled by Spain
Treaty of Tordesillas
Treaty of Versailles
Concordat of Bologna
Diet of Worms
44
Which factor contributed to Europe’s Commercial Revolution in the sixteenth century?
Formation of financial institutions controlled by the church
Tansition from feudal production to modern industrial techniques
Nationalization of agriculture through the seizure of aristocratic lands
Application of mercantilist principles to regulate trade with colonies
45
The Austrian delegate to the Congress of Vienna & architect of the conservative order that dominated European politics
Horatio Nelson
Napoleon Bonaparte
Klemens von Metternich
Duke of Wellington
46
The Portuguese Prince that founded a school for navigation and inspired many Portuguese sailors to become explorers.
Christopher Columbus
Ferdinand Magellan
Henry the Navigator
Vasco da Gama
47
Which of the following was a political philosophy that was developed during the Enlightenment?
Magna Carta
The Separation of Powers
Constitutional Monarchy
Democratic Republic
48
The Great Elector, Frederick Wilhelm, advocated all of the following policies EXCEPT
Jewish and Catholic immigration
Consolidation of Hohenzollern lands
An unprofessional citizen-led army
Profitable dynastic marriages
49
Which of the following is a true statement regarding John Calvin?
He practiced religious tolerance when he governed Geneva.
He opposed the doctrine of predestination.
He emphasized the omnipotence and omnipresence of God.
He believed in the separation of church and state.
50
The Italian politician who wrote “The Prince” & discussed the need to separate morals from politics
Niccolo Machiavelli
Leonardo da Vinci
Michaelangelo
Lorenzo de Medici
51
The English Christian Humanist writer famous for his book Utopia that discussed the perfect civilization
Sir Thomas More
Albrecht Dürer
Johannes Guttenburg
Jan van Eyck
52
This king of Prussia waged war to increase the power of Prussia but also implemented major reforms
Louis XVI
Frederick the Great
Franz Ferdinand
Joseph II
53
Which statement best describes the importance of the invention of the telescope?
It allowed observation that supported the heliocentric theory.
Similar technology helped cartographers create accurate maps.
Similar technology allowed scientists to understand the circulatory system.
It led to the invention of eyeglasses.
54
A company that allowed investors to buy shares in the company and share profits
subsidies
triangular trade
joint-stock company
Middle Passage
55
A central belief of Absolutist kings, this idea says that God has ordained kings to rule over commoners
Divine right of kings
Constitutional monarchy
Ancien Regime
Feudalism
56
Most eighteenth-century deists denied the
laws of gravity and motion
divine creation of the universe
occurrence of miracles
need for religious toleration
57
Which of the following was NOT an accomplishment of the National Assembly?
The passing of the Declaration of the Rights of Man & Citizen
The creation of a French Republic
The execution of Louis XVI
Reducing the power of the nobility & the church in France
58
Which of the following works most directly challenged the theory of the divine right of kings?
The Social Contract
The Prince
Letters Concerning the English Nation
The Wealth of Nations
59
Which of the following was a major innovation of the Renaissance period?
The dome
The portico
The use of linear perspective in painting
The use of marble as a medium for sculpture
60
The religious order founded to fight back against the Protestant Reformation and to start school and universities
Capuchins
Ursulines
Benedictines
Jesuits
61
Which of the following WAS NOT a science that saw innovation and new discoveries during the Scientific Revolution?
Biology and medicine
Astronomy and physics
Nuclear physics
The Scientific Method
62
How did the Reign of Terror help Napoleon rise to power?
There was no significant impact
Napoleon was able to use anger against the Jacobins
Napoleon was imprisoned by the Jacobins during the Terror
The French people had grown tired of corrupt & weak governments
63
Which of the following was NOT a major consequence of the Seven Years’ War?
Spain regained dominance over trade in the Atlantic
Prussia emerged as a major military and political power in Europe
Prussia permanently retained Silesia.
France lost all its colonies in North America to Great Britain.
64
Which of the following was one of the goals of the Congress of Vienna?
The recognition of France’s empire in Europe
Assuring that the ideas of the French Revolution would spread
The reestablishment of the old order and returning old royal families
Determining how to divide France up among the 4th Coalition
65
What role did the meeting of the Estates General in 1789 play in bringing about the Revolution?
The King dismissed the Estates General, which angered the population
The Estates General agreed to never revolt against the king
The Estates General voted for revolution against the king
The 3rd broke away from the Estates General to form the National Assembly
66
The Enlightenment was
A new intellectual movement that stressed reason
The effort of Dutch merchants to appoint William of Orange stadtholder
A movement in England to purify the Anglican Church of Catholicism
The belief that England should be a constitutional monarchy
67
A group of extremist protestants that wished to “purify” the Anglican Church from all aspects of Catholicism
Puritans
Bogomils
Quakers
Cathars
68
The Protestant Reformation began as a response to
the excessive interrogations of the Inquisition
Sale of indulgences and simony by the Catholic Church
Discovery of people who had not been exposed to Christianity
official policies barring Protestants from holding elective office
69
The Renaissance artist famous for his paintings of the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci
Lorenzo de Medici
Niccolo Machiavelli
Michaelangelo
70
According to Jacobins, what was the purpose of the Reign of Terror?
To serve as an example to royalist rebels
To determine who would lead the new government
To protect the Revolution from all enemies
To punish those that that were against Jacobin control
71
The first half of the 30 Years War could best be described as
An attempt by the Catholic Church to unite Italy under one king
Revolt by Protestants in Bohemia to rid themselves of Catholic rule
Disagreement over taxes and trade rights between Naboo & the Neemodians
A regional conflict between political rivals
