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Biology A Final Exam Review
Biology A Final Exam Review
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Biology A Final Exam Review Cells and Genetics
Flashcards
50 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Which of the following is NOT a function of the nucleus?
store water and sugar
control cell processes
Contain info to make body structures
store DNA
2
If an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, it will
lose water
swell
shrink
gain water
3
All living organisms and the environments where they live make up the
biosphere
metabolism
species
organism
4
What process occurs when paint fumes spread throughout a house?
facilitated diffusion
diffusion
active transport
passive transport
5
What is the phenotype for a cross between two heterozygous tall parents?
75% tall, 25% short
100% tall
50% tall, 50% short
25% tall, 75% short
6
The molecule below is an example of a
disaccharide
polysaccharide
monosaccharide
monomer
7
Which organelle converts energy from sugar into chemical energy?
mitochondria
golgi body
endoplasmic reticulum
nucleus
8
Crossing over (the exchange of genes in tetrads) occurs during which phase?
Prophase 2 of Meiosis
Metaphase 1 of Meiosis
Metaphase of Mitosis
prophase 1 of meiosis
9
Water is typically found
outside the cell membrane
out and in the cell
no where
inside the cell membrane
10
Where must ATP be broken to release energy?
between the 1st and 2nd phosphates
between the 2nd and 3rd phosphates
between ribose and the phosphates
between adenine and ribose
11
Which unit of measurement for length is the smallest?
centimeter
millimeter
hectometer
kilometer
12
What part of the scientific method occurs before forming a hypothesis?
experiment
analyze data
make conclusions
identify a problem
13
In a dihybrid cross between RRHH and rrhh, all offspring would be
rrhh
RrHh
RRHH
RRhh
14
What is true about this "lock and key" model?
enzymes can fit a lot of different substrates
products are joined to make a substrate
substrates are broken by enzymes
enzymes are used up
15
What field of Biology studies the change of organisms over time?
microbiology
evolution
anatomy
botany
16
What is a product of photosynthesis? 6CO
2
+ 6H
2
O + light --> C
6
H
12
O
6
+ 6O
2
light
C6H12O6
H2O
CO2
17
If dialysis tubing has 30% sugar inside and there is 90% sugar outside, what is true?
water will leave the tube
outside the bag is hypertonic
water will enter the tube
Inside the tubing is hypertonic
18
DNA is
a double helix
deoxyribonucleic acid
made of ATCG
made of nucleotides
19
What is the term for substances (like fire wood) that will be changed in a chemical reaction?
reactants
products
catalysts
enzymes
20
Which substance would not form a solution with water because polarity won't allow it to mix.
honey
drink mix powder
olive oil
powdered jello
21
What is found in plant cells but NOT in animal cells?
mitochondria
cellulose
chloroplasts
cell wall
22
What enzyme unzips the DNA double helix at the beginning of DNA replication?
replicase
polymerase
DNAase
helicase
23
When testing grass growth in response to rain levels, what is the dependent variable?
types of grass plants
amount of rain
health of grass
height of grass
24
This cell (which lacks a nucleus) is a ____ cell.
prokaryotic
eukaryotic
animal
plant
25
What type of mutation is shown here?
chromosomal mutation
translocation
Point mutation
frameshift mutation
26
In order to survive on the planet, animals must be balanced by
plants
bacteria
germs
other animals
27
What is true about the enzyme activity shown in the graph?
The rate of reactivity is 40
This reaction is uncatalyzed
Amylase activity is best at 40 C
Amylose breaks down Amylast
28
Which of the following levels of complexity is the MOST complex?
the digestive system
a muscle cell
a horse
the stomach
29
Three letter sequences on mRNA that code for specific amino acids are called
nucleotides
anticodons
codons
deoxyribose
30
What are the basic building blocks of protein?
nucleotides
fatty acid chains
amino acids
monosaccharides
31
The macromolecule that insulates the body and stores excess sugar is
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
32
What disorder is caused by an chromosomal addition mutation to chromosome 21?
Tay Sachs
Turner's Syndrome
Down Syndrome
Klinefelter's
33
The different versions of a gene (like blue, brown, and green eyes) are called
alleles
traits
genetics
genotypes
34
What processes need energy?
digesting food
glycolysis
mitosis & meiosis
photosynthesis
35
In this pedigree, the disease is
on the 5th chromosome
recessive
dominant
sex linked
36
In a scientific experiment, how many independent variables should be tested at once?
two
three or more
one
none
37
pyruvic acid + O
2
--> H
2
O + energy + CO
2
is the formula for ____.
fermentation
cellular respiration
glycolysis
mitosis
38
Reactions that absorb energy are called
endothermic
activated
catalyzed
exothermic
39
The chemical form of energy used by all organisms is
nucleotide
deoxyribose
sunlight
ATP
40
Which piece of lab equipment most accurately measures volume?
graduated cylinder
erlenmeyer flask
beaker
triple beam balance
41
What amino acid is found with the mRNA codon CUC?
Leucine
Proline
Argenine
Asparagine
42
What is the function of transfer RNA?
be the location of protein synthesis
make a copy of DNA
carry amino acids to the mRNA
hold genetic info in the nucleus
43
The "lock and key" model illustrates what characteristic of enzymes?
they precisely fit a specific substrate
they can bond with products
their structure always changes
they can bind with many reactants
44
If carbon dioxide is removed from a plant, what will happen?
oxygen would increase
no change will happen
less sugar will be produced
more sugar will be produced
45
What is true concerning meiosis?
It creates diploid cells
It divides a somatic cell once
It creates gametes
It creates 2 identical cells
46
Which phase of mitosis does this cell represent?
Interphase
Anaphase
Prophase
Telophase
47
If a cell pumps salt out of the cell into an already very salty bloodstream, it is doing
facilitative diffusion
osmosis
passive transport
active transport
48
Substances (like wine) that are made in air-tight containers are produced by means of
electron transport
aerobic respiration
passive transport
fermentation
49
Enzymes can effect the ____ of reactions.
temperature
pH
reaction speed
activation energy
50
What part of a microscope adjusts the amount of light that goes through the stage?
diaphragm
revolving nosepiece
course focus adjustment knob
mirror