1st trimester complication pt 1

risk of fetal loss of approximately 1 loss per 300 procedures

From ___ weeks on, 2nd trimester biometric measurements are used for pregnancy dating

The NT must be measured in a standardized way

in Inevitable abortion, abortion is almost certain

in first trimester bleeding it is clinically recognized for pregnancies that approx. ___% spontaneously are miscarried

Cardiac activity is visible by 5.5 to ___ weeks

Dichorionic - Diamniotic pregnancies have all of the following except

Small nose and mid-face hypoplasia are well-known components of Down syndrome phenotype

if hemorrhage becomes large, spontaneous pregnancy loss occurs

identify

contained within a single gestational/chorionic sac

Habitual abortion is spontaneous abortion in 3 or more consecutive pregnancies before the ___th week of gestation

CVS (Chorionic villi sampling) between 10 and 14 weeks is an

____ is the most accurate method for dating through ___ weeks of gestation

The normal 1st-trimester fetus has a small pocket of fluid along its back AKA the ____ ______

The presence or absence of the nasal bone in the late first trimester is assessed for aneuploidy risk

a thicker NT that is __ after 13 weeks gestation has a greater chance of the fetus to be affected by chromosome anomaly

Measurement techniques need to be monitored and continually assessed

Determination of gestational age by using CRL is the most accurate dating parameters within OB biometry

twin gestations have __ to __ times greater mortality rate than do singletons

Missed abortion is retention of dead products of conception in utero for > __ weeks

Spontaneous abortion can be complete or incomplete

all of the following describe discriminating evidence for retained products except

visualization of embryonic _________ is a marker signifying beginning of CRL measurements

Threatened Abortion is ___% of pregnancies of ___ weeks or less

The early presence of ______ ______ to increased risk for aneuploidy

induced abortion done at the request of the mother for other than therapeutic reasons

average sum of the length, width, and height of the GS =

When +pregnancy test & empty uterus seen, serial hCG levels should always be obtained/followed for rise or decline

Termination of pregnancy without expulsion of all the products of conception

for Absent Intrauterine Gestational Sac the embryo should be seen when MSD = ___ mm (grows ~ 1 mm/day)

after ___ weeks, fetus begins to “curl” = measurement of length more difficult

one gestational/chorionic sac containing one yolk sac,one amniotic membrane, and 2 embryos within single amniotic cavity

Dizygotic twin pregnancies = ____% of all twins

Inevitable abortion is a condition that happens before ___ weeks gestation

complete expulsion of all the products of conception

Termination of pregnancy before 20 weeks’ gestation & before the fetus is sufficiently developed to survive is called __

Using TV US, multiple gestations can be readily diagnosed between 5.5 and ____ weeks

in which vaginal bleeding is less than in inevitable abortion, cervix is not dilated (abortion may/may not occur)

Absence of the fetal nasal bone in late first-trimester sonography is associated with

is a crucial diagnosis to make

the ___ trimester is the ideal time to determine membrane structures of multiple pregnancies

The combined 1st trimester test has a ______ detection rate than maternal age alone, triple screen, or quad screen

Monochorionic - Monoamniotic twins has a mortality rate of approximately ____%

The hemorrhage is found between the _______ and the margins of the GS and may/may not be associated with theplacenta

in threatened abortion the cervix is thin and long and there is a viable embryo

Gestational sac size remains accurate through the first ___ weeks of gestation

Important to look for the fetal nasal bone in only 1st trimester exam

standard deviations of ±5 to ___ days for of gestational age by using CRL

Risk increases when twins are ______ and share membrane components

50% abort and 50% normal outcomes =

1st trimester risk assessment is combined test using maternal age, nuchal translucency measurement, and ______ _______

for Absent Intrauterine Gestational Sac, GS should be identified at _____ weeks gestation (grows ~ 1 mm/day)

FL =

the baby with an NT of __ mm has a high risk of Down's, as well as other chromosomal abnormalities

from implantation of the conceptus into the decidualized endo =

identify

If bleeding + severe pain, uterine contractions, or dilated cervix there is an increased possibility of _______

induced legally by a qualified physician to safeguard mother’s health

Amniocentesis is at ___ weeks

US signs of retained products = Thickened endometrium >__ mm

parts of the products of conception are retained in the uterus

The presence of visible embryonic parts, GS, or an embryonic disk is obvious evidence of retained products of conception

Detached Frondosum (embryonic placenta) = formation of hematoma which may cause ____ _____

Abortion is the termination of pregnancy before the fetus is viable

two amnions, two yolk sacs, two embryos and the amnion membranes may be difficult to observe within the chorionic sac

all of the following is true of Inevitable abortion except

Aneuploidy initially focused on maternal age alone is an

with US it is difficult to distinguish placental hematomas from subchorionic hemorrhages

pregnancy test (+) & normal appearing uterus, endometrium shows NO sign of GS, different diagnosis would be all except

with time Subchorionic Hemorrhage appears more anechoic and may be seen between uterine wall and ____ ______

termination of pregnancy by illegal interference, usually undertaken when legal induced abortion is unavailable

identify

generally do not have symptoms, bleeding, or spotting because the bleed is within the chorionic sac

used to describe a non viable embryo

Most common cause of bleeding in 1st trimester

____ trimester biochemical screening tests were developed to help determine which women were at greater risk

The quad screen involves measurement ofhCG, estriol, alpha-fetoprotein, and ____

When +pregnancy test & empty uterus seen = possibility of early normal intrauterine pregnancy __-__ weeks of gestation

The most accurate pregnancy dating is obtained by US during ___ trimester

Tricuspid flow analysis requires interrogation of a very small fetus with _____ _____

Multiple-gestation pregnancy is low risk

1st trimester placental separation - ___% or greater fetal loss rate

Clinically: bleeding, spotting or uterine cramping =

it is sometimes difficult to distinguish retained products of conception from ____ ______

nuchal translucency is seen in this image of an ___ week embryo. The boundary of the NT is seen separate from the amnion

Chromosomal abnormalities cause __% of spontaneous abortions

Gestational Age by using CRL can be obtained as early as ___ weeks by TV US

__% to __% of Down syndrome babies in the U.S. are born to women < 35y.o

Failure to observe these developments mentioned previously = pregnancy of uncertain viability (PUV)

Most common presentation for complications is vaginal spotting/frank bleeding _ of patients during early stage pregnancy

The triple screen includes measurement of____, estriol, and alpha-fetoprotein

there are significant increases in morbidity and mortality rates in relation to singleton pregnancies

presence of embryo, fetal heart beat, yolk sac, or retained products of conception

correlates closely with menstrual age during early pregnancy

Risk for Down syndrome at age ___ is 1 : 200 = women > 35 y.o. -> amniocentesis

Early abortion is within the first ___ weeks of pregnancy

all of the following are true of complete spontaneous abortion except

what are the 2 parameters

for Absent Intrauterine Gestational Sac the yolk sac should be seen TV when GS = _____