Where do plants get the food they need for energy

They produce it during photosynthesis

Which is the best evidence for evolution

old rock layers containing fossils unlike existing organisms

Which demonstrates how genetic variation may result from a change in the environment where an animal lives?

fox changes its color over time bc migrates to area with different climate

Table shows energy production from fossil fuels over a 20-year period. Which conclusion is best supported by the data?

Dependency on oil has increased so energy production from oil is increasing

Which best explains why all of the Earth’s freshwater is not available for human use?

Most of Earth’s freshwater is frozen water.

Which best describes uniformitarianism

Processes that shape the Earth continue as they have since the Earth formed

Which best represents the flow of energy within an aquatic ecosystem?

sunlight → algae → insects → fish → turtle

Which is the best reason for scientists to study ice cores obtained from Earth’s ice caps?

to study past climates by analyzing trapped gases and particles

What is true about the kudzu vine?

an invasive species that can change an ecosystem

How are pandemics different than epidemics?

Pandemics affect many countries; an epidemic is more localized.

2 liquids are in open container it is determined the mass of the 2 liquids is less Which best describes this observation

Some of the atoms during the reaction escaped into the air.

If a bat, an alligator, and a bird evolved from a common ancestor, what most likeley can be concluded?

They have similar anatomical structures

Which best explains why mammals became dominant after the mass extinction of the dinosaurs?

They had traits that helped them adapt to environmental changes.

Recent changes in species can be found in upper layers of rock. This provides a link between which two scientific ideas

the theory of evolution and the Law of Superposition

Which statement best explains how periods on the periodic table are organized?

increasing atomic number from left to right

If a lake has excess levels of phosphates and nitrates in its water, what will most likely result?

The growth of algae in the lake will increase

How would a large increase in the salinity of an estuary most likely affect the ecosystem of the estuary

salt-tolerant organism will increase salt-intolerant organism will decrease

Why do doctors suggest people get a flu vaccine each year?

viruses can mutate from year to year

Which would indicate the water in a lake is not safe for drinking?

high turbidity levels in the lake

Which best determines the number of wolves that can live in an area?

the amount of food available in the area

How has biotechnology helped improve the agricultural industry?

By creating some crops that resist certain insects

What is the most likely result of overusing a particular antibiotic?

more infections caused by bacteria resistant to the antibiotic

Which is most likely a major concern associated with burning fossil fuels?

Burning fossil fuels can produce smog, which can cause respiratory probs.

How can upwellings improve fishing for ocean fishermen?

they bring nutrients from the cold, deep ocean waters

How has genetic engineering helped farming?

by creating crops that resist some diseases

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8th Grade Release

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1
Which would most likely increase the genetic variation in a population of organisms?
decreased mutations
increase in disease
decrease in disease
increase mutations
2
Gold, oxygen, silver and nitrogen are examples of
elements
alloys
compounds
mixtures
3
Where do plants get the food they need for energy
They produce it during photosynthesis
They absorb it directly from the sun
They absorb it directly from the soil
They receive it from atmospheric gases
4
Scientists have caused some bacteria to produce insulin. Which area of science would these scientists most likely work
biotechnology
chemistry
marine biology
nuclear engineering
5
Which best describes method of obtaining energy that may cause changes in water temperature and harm to fish populations
installing solar panels on a home
burning coal
generating electricity in a hydroelectric power plant
using ethanol in cars
6
Principle that states that younger rocks lie above older rocks if the layers are undisturbed.
Geologic Column
Superposition
Fossil
Unconformity
7
Using the image which of the driving forces of evolution does this represent:
genetic engineering
hybridization
color variation
natural selection
8
Which is the best evidence for evolution
old rock layers containing fossils unlike existing organisms
new rock layers containing fossils unlike existing organisms
new rock layers containing fossils of simple organisms
old rock layers containing fossils of complex organisms
9
What happens to most of the energy as it moves throughout a food web
It is changed into decomposers
It is changed into heat energy
It is changed into mass
It is changed into light energy
10
Which chemical equation best represents the Law of Conservation of Mass?
H + O → H2O
2H2 + O2→ 2H2O
H2 + O2→ 2H2O2
H2 + O2→ H2O
11
Which demonstrates how genetic variation may result from a change in the environment where an animal lives?
fox changes its color over time bc migrates to area with different climate
A salmon swims faster as it enters colder waters.
snake increases body temp bc it moves on top of a rock in direct sunlight.
beetle stands out to predators bc it does not blend with flowers around it
12
Table shows energy production from fossil fuels over a 20-year period. Which conclusion is best supported by the data?
Dependency on coal increased so energy from natural gas is decreasing
Dependency on oil has increased so energy production from oil is increasing
Dependency on coal increased so energy production from coal is increasing
Dependency on oil increased so energy from natural gas is decreasing
13
Which will most likely result if there is increased upwelling in a coastal area?
more aquatic life
fewer nitrates
less nutrients in the water
higher water temperatures
14
Type of science that allows altering DNA of plants so it will contain more protein and flavor?
physiology
biology
biotechnology
geotechnology
15
Which best explains why all of the Earth’s freshwater is not available for human use?
Most of Earth’s freshwater is underground.
Most of Earth’s freshwater is still in the water cycle.
Most of Earth’s freshwater is frozen water.
Most of Earth’s freshwater is only in lakes.
16
Which best describes uniformitarianism
Formation of rock layers has slowed because humans have altered environment
Movement of the continents no longer occurs because of changeocean currents
The time it takes for erosion to occur has changed since Earth first formed
Processes that shape the Earth continue as they have since the Earth formed
17
In water quality indicators, the cooler the temperature, the greater the presence of :
dissolved oxygen
turbidity
color
fish
18
In the food chain, who is the producer?
grasshopper
snake
hawk
grass
19
Which best represents the flow of energy within an aquatic ecosystem?
insects → algae → fish → turtle → sunlight
sunlight → insects → algae → fish → turtle
sunlight → algae → insects → fish → turtle
algae → insects → fish → turtle → sunlight
20
Which is the best reason for scientists to study ice cores obtained from Earth’s ice caps?
to determine the rate of melting in polar regions
to study the quality of water stored in glaciers
to study past climates by analyzing trapped gases and particles
to evaluate potential oil drilling sites
21
What is true about the kudzu vine?
an invasive species that can change an ecosystem
example of a pollutant
shows predator prey relationship
example of a cyclic change
22
How are pandemics different than epidemics?
Pandemics spread through air; epidemics are spread through the water.
A Pandemics affect blood; epidemics affect skin.
Pandemics affect many countries; an epidemic is more localized.
Pandemics are caused by bacteria; epidemics are caused by viruses.
23
2 liquids are in open container it is determined the mass of the 2 liquids is less Which best describes this observation
Some of the atoms during the reaction changed to a different kind of atom.
Some of the atoms during the reaction escaped into the air.
Some of the atoms during the reaction were destroyed.
Some of the atoms during the reaction became heavier
24
Which of the following is a fungal infection of the skin?
athlete's foot
cancer
strep throat
Parkinson's disease
25
If a bat, an alligator, and a bird evolved from a common ancestor, what most likeley can be concluded?
They are able to survive changes in their enviornments
They are in the same biological classification
They have similar anatomical structures
They live in the same part of the world
26
Which best explains why mammals became dominant after the mass extinction of the dinosaurs?
They lived in different areas on Earth than dinosaurs.
They were able to hibernate for thousands of years.
They had traits that helped them adapt to environmental changes.
They were larger than dinosaurs and ate different foods.
27
Recent changes in species can be found in upper layers of rock. This provides a link between which two scientific ideas
the theory of evolution and the Law of Superposition
the periodic nature of the elements and cell theory
cell theory and the theory of evolution
the Law of Superposition and the periodic nature of the elements
28
Nitrogen fixing bacteria attach to these so they can help create ammonia in the nitrogen cycle:
roots of legumes
roots of carbon dioxide
roots of reptiles
roots of soil
29
Which statement best explains how periods on the periodic table are organized?
decreasing atomic mass number from ;eft to right
increasing number of neutrons from left to right
increasing atomic number from left to right
decreasing number of electrons from left to right
30
Which is classified as an element?
carbon dioxide
vinegar
water
iron
31
If a lake has excess levels of phosphates and nitrates in its water, what will most likely result?
The turbidity levels of the lake will decrease
The dissolved-oxygen levels in the lake will increase.
The growth of algae in the lake will increase
The temperature of the lake water will decrease
32
How would a large increase in the salinity of an estuary most likely affect the ecosystem of the estuary
All organisms would continue to live as they now do
All organisms will die
salt-tolerant organism will increase salt-intolerant organism will decrease
salt-intolerant organism will increase salt-tolerant organism will decrease
33
Cracks in ocean crust that release mineral-rich water that has been heated by Earth’s interior
Hydrothermal vents
Continental slope
Volcanic island
Ocean trench
34
Why do doctors suggest people get a flu vaccine each year?
vaccines get stronger over time
vaccines are absorbed by the body after a year
viruses replicate more rapidly over time
viruses can mutate from year to year
35
Which is the primary source of energy for most cells in the body?
sugar
vitamin
fat
protein
36
Which would indicate the water in a lake is not safe for drinking?
many varieties of fish in the lake
cold water temperature of the lake
high dissolved-oxygen levels in the lake
high turbidity levels in the lake
37
Which best determines the number of wolves that can live in an area?
the number of birds that live in the area
the amount of snow in the area each year
the number of trees in the area
the amount of food available in the area
38
•The change in inherited characteristics of biological populations over successive generations
Theory of Absolute Dating
Theory of Natural Selection
Theory of Superposition
Theory of Evolution
39
How has biotechnology helped improve the agricultural industry?
By developing machines that help farmers harvest crops faster
By creating some crops that resist certain insects
By developing irrigation systems that cover a large land area
By producing soil free of decomposers
40
Which are the most responsible for creating acid rain pollution?
Hydroelectric power plants
Coal-burning power plants
Nuclear power plants
Wood-burning power plants
41
n which oceanic zone do clams and crabs survive by burrowing in the sand?
oceanic
open ocean
intertidal
deep ocean
42
Which disease could best be treated with antibiotics?
Common Cold
Strep Throat
HIV
The Flu
43
Which is the most accurate way of determining the age of a fossil?
dating index fossils
dating the rock layers above the fossil
radioactive dating
relative dating
44
What is the most likely result of overusing a particular antibiotic?
fewer infections caused by bacteria resistant to the antibiotic
fewer infections caused by viruses and bacteria
more infections caused by viruses
more infections caused by bacteria resistant to the antibiotic
45
Which is most likely a major concern associated with burning fossil fuels?
Burning fossil fuels can remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Burning fossil fuels can pollute the oceans.
Burning fossil fuels can remove harmful chemicals from precipitation.
Burning fossil fuels can produce smog, which can cause respiratory probs.
46
Whichtype of infection is best controlled with antibiotics?
fungal
viral
none of these
bacterial
47
Help support evidence that organisms derived from a common ancestor.
analogous structure
homologous structures
anatomy listings
evolutionary structure
48
Which characteristic of water quality provides the most information regarding the health of a water system?
temperature
clarity (turbidity)
presence of indicator species
concentration of heavy metals
49
How can upwellings improve fishing for ocean fishermen?
they cause ocean currents to remain calm
they cause the ocean water to get warmer
the bring ocean currents from the equator
they bring nutrients from the cold, deep ocean waters
50
How has genetic engineering helped farming?
by developing better fertilizer for crops
by producing faster ways to harvest crops
by producing soil that makes crops grow better
by creating crops that resist some diseases
51
Which is the most accurate method scientists use to predict the age of Earth?
investigating core samples from the Arctic
radioactive dating of rocks
comparing the ages of different fossils
relative dating of rock layers
52
Which pair of elements has the most similar properties?
O and S
K and He
I and Ca
Li and B
53
Used for muscle development, growth, rebuilding and repairing cells, organelles, and tissues.
proteins
lipids
fiber
carbohydrates
54
Process whose products include glucose and oxygen
cellular respiration
both cellular respiration and photosynthesis
water cycle
photosynthesis
55
How can biotechnology help farmers overcome sudden changes in the global climate?
By developing crops that are resistant to adverse weather
By rotating the crops within the same field
By changing the types of soil in which the crops are planted
By only planting crops in the winter
56
Which of these would most likely happen to a species that is not able to adapt to a changing environment?
The species would develop resistance to disease.
The species would become extinct over time.
The species would change the environment
The species would develop mutated cells.
57
Which is one possible human benefit from biotechnology research?
increasing the ability to turn ocean water to freshwater
producing crops that can grow in areas where they normally do not grow
creating new types of buildings that can withstand hurricanes
producing new types of disease-causing viruses
58
Which supports the theory that some mountains were once at the bottom of an ocean?
Both mountains and ocean floors have similar minerals in their rocks.
Freshwater rivers flow to the ocean.
Fossils of marine organisms are found on the tops of some mountains.
There are underwater mountains on the ocean floor today.
59
In ecology, this is called a:
life cycle
food web
energy pyramid
food chain
60
Geologist identifies the same index fossil is rock layers from two different areas Which conclusion is best supported
The deposition rate of the two rock layers was identical
The two rock layers were deposited at approximately the same time.
The index fossil also occur in sediment deposited top of these rock layers
The fossil organism evolved independently in the two separate areas
61
Which is the best way to help prevent the flu from becoming a pandemic?
taking antibiotics
washing hands often
getting a vaccination
eating fruits and vegetables
62
How are mutualism and parasitism different?
parasitism both benefit mutualism one benefits other harmed
mutualism both benefit parasitism one benefits other not harmed or benefit
mutualism both benefit parasitism one benefits other harmed
parasitism both benefit mutualism one benefit other not harmed or benefits
63
Which is a compound?
sodium
nitrogen
sugar
air
64
Why are digestion and respiration important to the body
They control the production of hormones in the body
They help provide the energy needed for body functions
They store food for the body
They build muscle and bone that the body needs
65
The smallest nonliving organism
yeast
bacteria
fungi
virus
66
H₂CO₃→ H₂O + CO₂ How does the reaction support the Law of Conservation of Mass?
Mass of H atoms is the only thing that remains the same before and after
Mass of atoms in the reactant equals the mass of the atoms in the products
The mass of carbon atoms is reduced during the reaction.
Several molecules of water are produced
67
Which is the best example of a chemical change
butter melting
eggs cooking
paper tearing
water evaporating
68
When 2 organisms attempt to use a resource in the same place at the same time
competition
mutualism
predator/prey
parasitism
69
Which statement is true about a chemical reaction?
The physical states of the atoms in the reactants determine the products
All of the atoms in the reactants will be a part of the products
Some of the atoms in the reactants will be a part of the products
The number of atoms in the reactants determines the products
70
Which evidence supports the idea that life on Earth has continually evolved?
evidence from layers of tree rings
evidence that the climate has changed over the past 100 years
evidence gathered from melting glaciers
evidence from rock layers, fossils, and ice cores
71
Which allows scientists to investigate what Earth’s climate was like over the past 740,000 years
fossils
ice cores
volcanic deposits
faults
72
The table provides info about some group 1 elements. Which is the best estimate of the melting point of Rubidium (Rb)?
40οC
25ο C
184οC
75οC
73
How can the agricultural biotechnology industry have a positive impact on the environment?
by using more wind farms for energy
BY producing virus resistant crops
by making robots to replace farm machines
by reducing the need for countries to import food
74
Chlorine has 7 valance electrons. With what group of elements will chlorine most readily bond
group 16
group 2
group 1
group 18
75
Movement of cold water upward from deep ocean - brings up nutrients is called:
upwelling
downwelling
water cycle
desalination
76
An ice cube is put into a heated pan. What will most likely happen to the molecules in the ice as the ice is heated?
The molecules will begin to move faster
The molecules will begin to move slower
The molecules will begin to condense in the air
The molecules will begin to increase in density
77
If a company genetically modifies corn to emit an odor that repels insects, which describes how the corn was modified?
by harvesting at different times
by chemical exposure
by techniques used in biotechnology
by crop rotation techniques
78
A runner is preparing to run a long race. Which would provide the highest level of energy for the runner?
carbohydrates
minerals
vitamins
proteins
79
The sudden outbreak of adisease can be classified as an epidemic or a pandemic depending on:
if it is transmitted by air or water
if it is regional or widespread
by how many people died
if it is spread by a bacteria or virus
80
What effect does the water cycle have on the total amount of water on Earth
Total amount of water Earth changes during periods of warming and cooling
The total amount of water on Earth is constantly decreasing
The total amount of water on Earth is constantly increasing
The total amount of water on Earth remains relatively constant.
81
What does the image represent in determining water quality?
bioindicators
turbidity
pH
dissolved oxygen levels
82
Type of relationship where one benefits;one is harmed
competition
mutualism
commensalism
parasitism
83
Rows in the periodic table are called:
families
groups
periods
alkalis
84
Which best determines the health of a lake used as a source of freshwater?
its location and depth
its temperature and depth
its temperture and pH
its depth and width
85
Many infectious diseases have been nearly eliminated worldwide Why should global studies of infectious diseases continue
All infectious diseases are resistant to any form of treatment
All infectious disease organism are fatal
All infectious diseases are caused by viruses do not respond to antibiotics
All infectious disease organisms have ability to mutate, adapt, and survive
86
Which is a nonrenewable resource?
oil
water
wood
sunlight
87
Dolphins and whales may have evolved from a commonancestor. What evidence supports this?
They ate the same food
They both live in the same ocean area
They both have similiar anatomies
They swam the same way
88
In this food chain which is the secondary consumer?
Grasshopper
Frog
Snake
Grass
89
Where is most of Earth’s freshwater located
Rivers
Underground
Lakes
Glaciers and Ice Sheets
90
Which is the best example of a pure substance
human blood
gold
carbon dioxide
steam
91
A partially enclosed body of water where fresh and salt water meet and mix
watershed
lake
tidal zone
estuary
92
Which will most likely happen to Questors as a result of Wood Plaxers migrating to their habitat
The Questors will be forced to fly to a different habitat
The two species will coexist with no competition
The Questors will compete with the Wood Plaxers for food resources
The two species will become extinct
93
If wolves prey on deer, what will likely happen to the deer population if wolves are removed
Population of deer will increase
Population of deer will remain the same
Population of deer will become extinct
Population of deer will decrease
94
What would have the greatest long-term impact on reducing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air?
increasing the number of livestock on a farm
cutting down trees around a farm
planting trees around a farm
decreasing the number of livestock on a farm
95
Which of these organisms is a producer in a marine ecosystem?
fish
algae
worm
gull
96
If chemical reaction begins with 6 carbon atoms how many will be in the products?
3 carbon atoms
2 carbon atoms
6 carbon atoms
12 carbon atoms
97
Which action shows concern for the environment with regards to the resources of the oceans?
developing technology which will allow for an increase in fish harvesting
filling in oceanfront wetlands in order to extend beachfront properties
setting limits on fish harvesting in the oceans
allowing factories to release untreated wastewater into the oceans
98
Which will most likely result if there is increased upwelling in a coastal area?
less nutrients in the water
fewer nitrates
more aquatic life
higher water temperatures
99
Which would least likely have an impact on global climate change?
Producing energy using natural gas
Producing energy using hydroelectric plants
Producing energy using oil
Producing energy using coal
100
What are transitional fossils
fossils which show a species at different ages
An organism in the process of being fossilised
Fossils that are being set in plaster for display
Fossils that fill in the gaps of the family tree

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