70/% growth = doubling time (years)

species sensitive to environment changes

Which is most associated with using biomass for energy production?

Can result in local deforestation

(population/area) = population density

Which location would most likely receive acid deposition?

Town downwind from a coal-fired power plant

Which of the following is a disadvantage of using nuclear energy as a source of electricity?

Spent fuel rods must be disposed of properly

Which of the following can be interpreted from an age-structure diagram of a country?

The relative population growth rate of the population

Primary succession is:

When life starts to grow in a place where there was no life before

Which is a way for the government to encourage efficient energy use?

Requiring higher fuel economy standards for cars

System of Circulating surface currents

Amplifies or reduces changes in a system

The NUMBER of different species

global warming is most likely to directly cause which of the following?

Coastal flooding and submersion of low-lying areas

Most deserts are located at 30° N and 30° S latitudes because humidity is lower at 30°. The reason for lower humidity is

Warm air rises to the equator, cools, and sinks at 30° latitude

What is eutrophication?

Nutrients like phosphorus & nitrogen have an increase in aquatic reservoirs

what could be a solution to control run off?

Filtration systems, Buffer zones

Which of the following policies would most likely make the greatest reduction in ecological footprint in cities?

Setting higher fuel efficiency standards for vehicles

Population growth rate?

(births - death/total population) X 100 = population growth rate

What’s the difference between a niche specialist and a niche generalist? pick one, two answers

Niche specialist is adapted to very narrow conditions, Niche generalist can survive in almsot any conditions

R-selected species characteristics are

Reach sexual maturity quickly, instinctual

What statement is true of genetic diversity?

Resistance 2 diseases can be incr. by crossing crops with ancestral variety

(70%/ r in percent form) = doubling time in yrs

Less acidic as the PH increases, More acidic as the PH decreases

Finding future population from growth rate

(initial population) X (growth rate in yrs) = final population, (initial population) X (growth rate in yrs) = final population

Order of atmosphere layers from bottom to top

Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere, exosphere

COLD NUTRIENT water RISES to surface

Which is the best example of gray water?

Water that has been used for bathing and for washing clothes

What causes algal blooms?

Fertilizer runoff, Animal waste or wastewater getting into water sources, Too many nutrients - such as nitrogen and phosphorus

dissolved oxygen and biological oxygen demand, If the demand for oxygen is not met, a species would die.

What is sequestration?

Capturing and storing Carbon dioxide to keep it out of the atmosphere

What best describes a transform boundary?

An area where two tectonic plates slide past each other

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AP environmental Science Study

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Questions 77

Answers

1
Rule of 70
70/% growth = doubling time (years)
70/doubling time (years) = % growth
70 X % growth = doubling time (years)
2
indicator species?
species sensitive to environment changes
can survive in almost any environment
A species with no natural predator
Species adapted to very narrow set of environmental conditions
3
What are the two most prominent environment gases?
Oxygen and phosphorus
Carbon and Nitrogen
Nitrogen and oxygen
Hydrogen and carbon
4
Which is most associated with using biomass for energy production?
Requires long-term storage for radioactive waste
Can result in local deforestation
increase salinization in agricultural fields
Releases carbon sequestered in fossil fuels into the atmosphere
5
Population density?
(population/area) = population density
(70%/r in percent form) = doubling time in yrs
(births - deaths/total population) X 100 = Growth rate
(# of births or deaths per year/total population) X 100 = % of BR or DR
6
Which location would most likely receive acid deposition?
Stream flowing through agriculture land
major city receiving power from hydroelectric sources
Town downwind from a coal-fired power plant
7
What does anthropogenic mean?
Man-made disturbance
Biological component
Animal-made disturbance
A development
8
What is a characteristic of invasive species?
Breed slowly
Breed rapidly
Stay in one area majority of the time
9
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using nuclear energy as a source of electricity?
Cooling towers release contaminants into the atmosphere
Energy production is not consistent from day to day
Spent fuel rods must be disposed of properly
Volatile organic compounds are released into groundwater
10
Which of the following can be interpreted from an age-structure diagram of a country?
The relative population growth rate of the population
The maximum age when women give birth
The carrying capacity of the local environment
The total fertility rate of a population
11
What do coral reefs provide for animals?
Just food
It provides food production for humans
Habitat and food
A habitat and water
12
Chemical that leads to formation of photochemical smog when it reacts with other components in the presence of sunlight
Carbon dioxide
Chlorofluorocarbons
nitrates
Nitrogen Oxides
13
Primary succession is:
When life starts to grow in a place where there was no life before
When life grows back in a place there used to be life, but was destroyed
14
pinpoint source pollution can come from no specific source
False
True
15
Which earth atmosphere layer has ozone
Thermosphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere
Mesosphere
16
Which is a way for the government to encourage efficient energy use?
Implementing government subsidies to keep gas prices low
Requiring higher fuel economy standards for cars
17
Gyres =
Cold nutrient water rises to surface
Deep water formation
Strong winds
System of Circulating surface currents
18
A tiaga is a biome with trees and pine with short seasons
False
True
19
Non renewable resources cannot be used again
True
False
20
A feedback loop
Amplifies or reduces changes in a system
demonstrates Albedo
is an advantage of urbanization
21
Species richness:
The VARIETY of different species
The NUMBER of different species
22
global warming is most likely to directly cause which of the following?
Shifting of grain belts towards the equator
Falling sea levels in the Sothern hemisphere
Coastal flooding and submersion of low-lying areas
An increase in the number and size of glaciers
23
What chemical compound is responsible for ocean acidification in the open oceans of the world?
Nitrates
Nitrogen Oxides
Carbon Dioxide
24
Most deserts are located at 30° N and 30° S latitudes because humidity is lower at 30°. The reason for lower humidity is
Warm air rises to the equator, cools, and sinks at 30° latitude
Rain-shadow effects are most pronounced at 30° latitude
cool air rises at 30° latitude, warms, and sinks at the equator
25
What is eutrophication?
Biological oxygen demand
Reductions in harvestable fish
Nutrients like phosphorus & nitrogen have an increase in aquatic reservoirs
26
Carrying capacity is how much populations can live until resources are no longer sustainable
True
False
27
Which is the most abundant nonanthropogenic greenhouse gas?
H20
Co2
CH4
O3
28
what could be a solution to control run off?
Limit water use
Use another source
Filtration systems
Buffer zones
29
Type III survivorship curve is
r - selected
k - selected
30
Primary productivity is the amount of _____ primary producers make
photosynthesis
food sources
energy
31
Which fuel source is most commonly used in less developed countries because of its easy accessibility?
Peat
Wood
Oil
Coal
32
Which of the following policies would most likely make the greatest reduction in ecological footprint in cities?
Offering tax incentives to individuals who recycle clothes and home goods
Subsidizing the cost of solar panel installation for homeowners
Increasing the cost to use public transportation
Setting higher fuel efficiency standards for vehicles
33
Population growth rate?
(births - death/total population) X 100 = population growth rate
(# of births or deaths per year/ total population) X 100 = BR and DR
34
What’s the difference between a niche specialist and a niche generalist? pick one, two answers
Niche specialist is adapted to very narrow conditions
Niche generalist is adapted to very narrow conditions
Niche generalist can survive in almsot any conditions
Niche specialist is can survive in almost any conditions
35
R-selected species characteristics are
Spread rapidly, no natural predators
Reach sexual maturity quickly, instinctual
Parents stay and teach them, slower development
36
Only the phosphorus cycle doesn’t have a gas component
False
True
37
The most adapted to surviving in salinity water would be native species in which of the following environments?
An estuary with a lagoon
The photic zone in the open ocean
An offshore barrier reef
The ocean covering the abyssal plain
38
What statement is true of genetic diversity?
Genetic diversity within populations of common crop is typically high
Resistance 2 diseases can be incr. by crossing crops with ancestral variety
Genetic uniformity increases resistance
Genetic diversity is usually high in endangered species
39
Rule of 70?
(70%/ r in percent form) = doubling time in yrs
(population/area) = population density
(initial population) X (growth rate in yrs) = final population
40
carbonite ions in ocean water decreases the ability of shell formation
False
True
41
Ph scale
Less acidic as the PH decreases
Less acidic as the PH increases
More acidic as the PH decreases
More acidic as the PH increases
42
Finding future population from growth rate
(initial population) X (growth rate in yrs) = final population
(initial population) X (growth rate in yrs) = final population
43
Type II survivorship curve is
Consistent growth
Constant Death rate
44
Order of atmosphere layers from bottom to top
Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, and thermosphere, exosphere
Thermosphere, exosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere
Stratosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, exosphere, and thermosphere
45
Upwelling =
System of circulating surface currents
Deep water formation
Surface winds
COLD NUTRIENT water RISES to surface
46
Which is the best example of gray water?
Runoff from parking lots
Water that has magnesium, calcium, and iron
rainwater collected from roofs
Water that has been used for bathing and for washing clothes
47
What causes algal blooms?
Plastics
Fertilizer runoff
Animal waste or wastewater getting into water sources
Too many nutrients - such as nitrogen and phosphorus
48
DO and BOD stand for
dissolved oxygen and biological oxygen demand
If the demand for oxygen is not met, a species would die.
49
What is sequestration?
putting something together
keeping something separate
Releasing carbon into the atmosphere contributing to climate change
Capturing and storing Carbon dioxide to keep it out of the atmosphere
50
What best describes a transform boundary?
An area where two or more tectonic plates collide
An area where two tectonic plates move past each other
An area where two tectonic plates slide past each other
An area where two or more tectonic plates fuse together at a suture zone
51
Intraspecific is competition among _____ species and interspecific is competition among ______ species
slow, fast
fast, slow
different, same
same, different
52
what is an inversion
Rain catches on one side of a mountain, causing desertifaction on the other
mountains create bowl trapping warm air above cold air that traps pollution
53
What is bioaccumulation?
Absorption of a substance at a greater rate than it's eliminated
A high mortality rate in organisms
Transfer of persistent pollutants such as PCBs from 1 organism to the next
Uptake of essential nutrients by plant roots
54
The order of ecological pyramid from bottom to top
Primary Producer, Primary Consumer, Secondary Consumer
Primary Consumer, Secondary Consumer, Primary Producer
Secondary consumer, Primary consumer, Primary Producer
55
Percent Growth equation
BR - DR + immigration - emigration / 10
DR - BR - Emigration + immigration / 100
56
Example of air pollution
nuclear power plant explosion
single-use plastic
Nox + Sox
57
K-selected species characteristics are
No natural predators
Rapid breeding, on their own rather than with parents
Parents take care of them, slower development
58
Type I survivorship curve is
r - selected species
k - selected species
59
Resource partitioning?
several different species fighting over same resource
One animal overtaking a resource
Allowing several species to utilize different parts of the same resource
60
What is true of farm raised salmon?
They are maintained at lower population densities than wild slamon
They are often infected with parasites and sea lice
They seldom escape from their containment areas
They are more genetically diverse than their wild counterparts
61
Keystone species is:
species with large effect on structure and balance of the ecosystem
Species that adapts easily
62
Which of the following is a way to potentially eliminate one of the greatest threats to mangrove wetlands?
Integrate ecologically sound shrimp agricultural practices
Construct dams in mangroves to incr. sediment load and decr. population
Employ irrigation methods to address potential desertification
63
What terrestrial biome is characterized by consistently high solar radiation and temperature year-round?
Tropical rain forest
Taiga
Tundra
Temperate Grassland
64
In the phosphorus cycle, which of the following reservoirs contains the most phosphorus?
soil
ocean
sediments
65
What is biomass?
Plants, animals, microorganisms
Total amount of living or recently living organic material
66
Whats a cover crop?
Regenerated crop
Crop planted during off season
grass
Crop that covers everything
67
How is nitrogen added to the largest nitrogen reservoir?
None of them
Dentrifying bacteria alone
Dentrifying bacteria and volcanic activity
Volcanic activity alone
68
How much energy transfers in a food web?
20%
10%
35%
75%
69
What is biodiversity?
The amount of carbon passed from one species to the next in the food chain
Variety of Species or life in habitats and the ecosystem
70
Secondary succession is:
When life grows back in a place there used to be life, but it was destroyed
When life starts to grow in a place where there was no life before
71
Which is a human health impact associated with exposure to radon gas inside homes or other buildings?
Transmissions of pathogens from mother to fetus
Increased occurrence of developmental disorders in children
Increased risk for lung cancer
72
Why is a complex food web beneficial?
There's more animal species
It allows for more food resources
There's biodiversity
73
Disturbance?
Stress on the ecosystem
Happens fast
74
How does Geographic isolation lead to speciation?
geographic isolation is species being in non/overlapping locations
Same species grows differently because they are in different places
Seperated species dont share genetic material and reproductively isolated
Speciation is development of new species
75
Example of thermal pollution
boat propellers
Water heated in lake
oil spills
76
A tundra is a permafrost biome
True
False
77
El nino is =
Warming of the central amd eastern Pacific ocean
Reduction of rain in The south of Africa and west
Warming of the Atlantic ocean
Reduction of rain in Eastern and Northern Australia

AP environmental Science Study Flashcards | StudBud