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World History - Enlightenment & Exploration Flashcards | StudBud
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World History - Enlightenment & Exploration
World History - Enlightenment & Exploration
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Renaissance, Reformation, Enlightenment, Scientific Revolution, & Colonization of the Americas
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Answers
1
What were mestizos?
New world settlers from Spain
Spanish conquerors
The children of settlers and natives in colonies owned by Spain
Pack animals used for farming in the Spanish colonies
2
Which of the following concepts does not reflect the principles of humanism?
An open approach to studying classic literature and learning from it
Only the elite should learn to read and write
Emphasis on self-improvement & being your best self
Less emphasis on religion and more on the human experience
3
Which European nation settled in Canada and the Caribbean?
Germany
Spain
France
Italy
4
Sir Thomas More proposed the idea of utopia, which is…
The idea that people are innately good, & can function without government
An ideal society without sin, greed & corruption
A theocracy where all people belong to the same religion & follow its laws
The idea that people are innately greedy & need strong leaders
5
Which Renaissance artist created
The School of Athens
?
da Vinci
Raphael
Michaelangelo
Donatello
6
How did the invention of the sextant improve oceanic travel?
It allowed for more cargo space, so sailors could go on longer voyages
It was an early form of vaccination that prevented disease from spreading
It stabilized the ship so it would not tip over during storms or rough seas
It improved navigation by allowing sailors to determine their location
7
The Scientific Method was based on the idea that...
the scientific theories of the ancients were correct
the truth could come only through investigation
scientific laws governed nature
philosophy was the key to learning scientific truths
8
Which characteristics belong to Protestants?
clergy can marry, bible printed in the vernacular, no papal authority
prayers to the saints, emphasis on sermon, lavish churches
confession, prayers to saints, allegiance to Rome
pilgrimages, supreme rule of Pope, excommunication
9
Which of the following is a theory for the reason for the decline of the Mayans?
climate change
All of the above
foreign invasion
overpopulation
10
How did the Treaty of Tordesillas impact South America?
It determined what areas could be settled by Portugal & Spain
It required that all land occupied by natives had to be legally obtained
It allowed for settlers to experience the same rights/freedoms as back home
It established that some land conquered was to serve as prison colonies
11
What radical new perspective did Copernicus suggest for a model of the universe?
geocentric
lunarcentric
heliocentric
12
Aztecs used chinampas, which were…
Artificial islands of mud serving as floating gardens
Colored strings used to record historical events
A meal meant to keep one satiated all day
A now-extinct animal that proved useful for transportation and agriculture
13
Which conquistador kidnapped the Incan ruler Atahualpa, took his ransom,killed him, and then captured the Incan capital?
Juan Ponce de Leon
Christopher Columbus
Francisco Pizarro
Hernan Cortes
14
Which Enlightenment figure argued that women need an education equal to that of men to become virtuous and useful?
Mary Wollstonecraft
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Mary Astell
Cesare Bonesana Beccaria
15
What animal was crucial for farming to early civilizations in the Americas, specifically the Olmec & Inca?
horse
cow
llama
pig
16
How did Mary Tudor earn the title “Bloody Mary”?
She was an alcoholic and fond of the drink of the same name
She began the Spanish Inquisition, which killed thousands of non-Christians
She used her power as queen to kill all Protestants in England
She was beheaded, and her execution was especially brutal and messy
17
The Mayans, Aztecs, and Incas had all of the following in common except…
A hieroglyphic writing system
A polytheistic religion
A hierarchical system of government
A dependence on farming
18
Friedrich Nietzsche's concept of existentialism is…
the belief that governments are unnecessary
the study of human behavior
the belief that there is no universal meaning to life
an art movement that sought to link dreams and real life
19
Which item from the Columbian Exchange was most devastating to the natives?
European missionaries trying to convert them to Christianity
Europeans bringing diseases like smallpox, which they had no immunity to
Europeans introducing peanut plants, which most natives were allergic to
Europeans bringing livestock, which destroyed their crops
20
What country is considered the “birthplace of the Reformation”?
France
Spain
Italy
Germany
21
Identify the person responsible for the formation of the Anglican Church of England.
Pope Leo X
Martin Luther
King Henry VIII
Queen Elizabeth
22
What is alchemy?
The study of the human body and its inner workings
The study of transforming common metals into gold
The belief that God determines your fate before you’re even born
The practice of breeding plants & animals to eliminate genetic disorders
23
What was the title of Dante’s work that gave a vivid description of heaven, hell, and purgatory?
Macbeth
Utopia
The Divine Comedy
The Prince
24
What was one of the major causes of European exploration starting in the 1400s?
Scientists and navigators wanted to prove the Earth was a sphere
Monarchs sought to conquer India, China, and the Spice Islands
Merchants wanted to bypass existing trade routes & trade directly with Asia
Cartographers wanted to create more accurate maps of the world
25
Which explorer made it to the Cape of Good Hope?
Christopher Columbus
Vasco da Gama
Bartolomeu Dias
Prince Henry
