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Modern Unit 1: Theories, World Religions, and Empires & Social Structures Test Review Kwon Flashcards | StudBud
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Modern Unit 1: Theories, World Religions, and Empires & Social Structures Test Review Kwon
Modern Unit 1: Theories, World Religions, and Empires & Social Structures Test Review Kwon
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Unit 1: World Before 1750
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1
Dharma is a core belief in Hinduism. What best explains it?
the rebirth in Samsara
the universal spirit worshipped by Hindus.
a person's personal duty, based on the individual's place in society
one’s place in the caste system
2
Why was the Renaissance important in society?
It encouraged people to learn from ancient cultures & seek knowledge
It encouraged people to challenge their belief and religion
It taught people to question the government & social systems they lived in.
It made sure that people embraced the current social structures & gov't
3
In the five pillars of Islamic faith, what holy city do Muslims need to visit during their lifetime?
Constantinople
Mecca
Jerusalem
Istanbul
4
Which of the following was
NOT
a reason for the Reformation?
Salvation gained through faith alone
Assuring entry into Heaven in exchange for money
Corruption of the Church
The selling of indulgences
5
How did religion change the power of kings in Europe under the divine right of kings?
It made people more religious
It increased the power kings had over their people
It had no effect since kings could be replaced by overthrow
It had little effect since people weren't very religious
6
"Dao" in Daoism literally means...
"Nature"
"The Way"
"Harmony"
"Peace"
7
Why was the scientific revolution so important?
It gave scientists a way to challenge the Church w/o being persecuted
It changed the way medicine was practiced using the scientific method
It forced people to reevaluate society and the may they did things
It challenged thinkers to view their world in a new way & ask questions
8
The most important beliefs of Islam, started by Muhammad, are
gather wealth to grow rich
to respect other Abrahamic relgions (Judaism/Christianity)
use "jihad" to spread the faith
the "five pillars"
9
How did triangular trade routes
affect
West Africa?
They gave West Africans greater power in trading with Europeans
They brought new goods and economic power to West Africans
They increased the number of slaves bought and sold
They had little to no effect on West Africa because it had few cities
10
Which Asian belief system
most strongly
influenced these images of Chinese society and politics?
Buddhism
Hinduism
Confucianism
Daoism
11
According to the divine right of kings doctrine, monarchs gained their power through the absolute faith of their people.
False
True
12
Which of the following statements is most correct about governments before 1750?
The smallest percentage of the population had the most control
Gaining control of the government was easy to do
The largest amount of the population had the most control
Power was fairly distributed among the population
13
Which of the following does
NOT
describe how Portugal created a trading empire from Africa to India?
Portugal sent out fleets w/ large numbers of settlers to colonize
Da Gama found a passage around Africa to reach India
Portugal set up forts to protect their trading interests
Portugal attacked E. African coastal cities to gain control of the trade
14
The most sacred text in Judaism is the:
Bible
Qu'ran
Torah
Egyptian Book of the Dead
15
How did
humanism
change society?
It required followers to become more humane to one another & their leaders
A movement that meant to protect the absolute power of monarchs
Encouraged people to learn from the ancients & gain secular understanding
It encouraged people to turn away from the Church and embrace secular life
16
Wrote the
Analects,
emphasized the importance of education & spoke of 5 relationships to maintain a good social order?
Siddhartha
Laozi
Confucius
Mencius
17
A belief that there is only
ONE
god, which was believed by the Abrahamic Religions of Judaism, Islam, and Christianity.
Heliocentrism
Polytheism
Geocentrism
Monotheism
18
Which of the following was
NOT
a reason European nations colonized?
To gain access to resources
To gain access to new religions
To gain access to markets
To gain access to trade routes
19
What was the
Reformation
?
A movement to reform the Church from corruption
A period of time when people wanted to reform the government
A movement to reform the Knights Templar and secure trade routes
A movement to reform the government by replacing the King with the Church
20
According to the Islamic faith, who was the last prophet?
Jesus
Muhammad
Allah
Moses
21
A theory of the Origins of Civilization/Government
supported
by
enlightened philosophers
& most true in modern societies
The Divine Right Theory
The Social Contract Theory
The Force Theory
The Evolution Theory
22
A theory of Origins of Civilization/Government that argues rulers
inherit their power from God
.
The Evolution Theory
The Social Contract Theory
The Force Theory
The Divine Right Theory
23
Which culture ☸ began in South Asia, but then spread rapidly on the Silk Roads to East Asia?
Buddhism
Islam
Christianity
Confucianism
24
Where did the "Turks" come from to establish the Ottoman Empire?
South Asia
Central Asia
East Asia
North Africa
25
Under Hinduism, the priests of Southwest Asia in (India) in the classical age were known as the _____, who speak to God.
Varnas
Jatis
Untouchables
Brahmins
26
Which of these was the
emperor
of the Mauryan dynasty that played a pivotal role in spreading Buddhism?
Ashoka
Siddhartha Gautama
Constantine
Muhammad
27
What is the
Renaissance
?
A rejection of the teachings of Greece and Rome
A reawakening of civic duty that espoused the need for absolute obedience
Period before Civil War when all of the civilians rebelled
Period after Middle Ages when art/literature was ”reborn”
28
Use the chart below to answer the following question. Where were the majority of slaves sold?
Caribbean & South America
North & South America
Europe & West Asia
North America & the U.S.A.
29
Which of the following is true of a "caliph" in a "caliphate"?
He was only a secular authority figure.
He was both a political and spiritual leader.
He could be Islamic, Jewish, or Christian.
He had to be from Muhammad's family.
30
The
Scientific Revolution
was which of the following?
A movement to reform the way science was performed
A movement that challenged medical practices of the time
A movement that created a new way of thinking about the physical universe
A movement to discredit Galileo Galilei
31
Which
social class
was looked down upon in Confucian society?
Farmers
Merchants
Nobles & Scholars
State Officials & Buddhist Monks
32
Which of these is the lowest of the
lowest
social order in the caste system?
Brahmins (Priests)
Kshatriyas (Warriors)
Vaisyas (Merchants)
Shudras (Peasants & Untouchables)
33
The network of exchange labelled with a "
C
" on this map is known as...
European Mediterranean Routes
Trans-Saharan (sand) Routes
The Silk Roads
The Indian Ocean (Sea) Routes
34
How was the power that kings & emperors held
similar
in Europe and China?
Power was gained through testing and hard work
Power was always gained by overthrowing the pervious ruler in war
Power came from heavenly or divine province
Power was gained through good works during war
35
Which religious faiths were most influential on the development of Islam
before
600 C.E.?
East Asia's Confucianism & Daoism
The Middle East's Judaism & Christianity
Greco-Roman Polytheism
South Asia's Hinduism & Buddhism
36
The Trans-Sahara trade route was known for trading
Gold and Salt
Gold and Silk
Salt and Pepper
Amber and Spices
37
Which of the following is
NOT
a way that the Reformation
affected
Europe and society?
Revolts and rebellions happened across Europe
Multiple religions were created that changed how people interacted with God
A reform movement to change the way priests held Mass
People started to question the teachings of the Church
38
Prior to divine right of kings, absolute rulers gained their power...
by investing well and becoming wealthy
by doing good works for the Church
by being elected by their people
mainly through family birthright and wars
39
Which of the following choices is
NOT
true of the Scientific Method?
It is based on observation, experimentation and complex mathematics
it became a step by step process to collect, measure ad explain data
It detailed the human anatomy and prescribed treatment for many illnesses
The truth can be known only after a long process of investigation
40
Which East Asian philosophy intensified
patriarchy
during the Song Dynasty with
"foot-binding"
?
Confucianism
Buddhism
Pastoralist animism/shamanism
Daoism
41
What group had the least amount of power?
Knights/Royals
farmers/peasants
Nobles/Bureaucrats
Trees/Land
42
In China, the overthrow of a previous dynasty was based on the principle of divine judgment call
The Divine Wind
Revolution
The Mandate of Heaven
Judgment of the Gods
43
Which of the following would be
MOST threatened
by the social contract theory?
Authors of the Declaration of Independence
John Locke
Divine Rights Advocates
People of the State
44
The printing press was an important part in which of the following events of European history as it spread information?
The Renaissance & Reformation
The Crusades
Split of the Christian Church
Fall of the Roman Empire
45
According to Hindu beliefs, one’s reincarnation will be determined by one’s _____
Occupation
Caste
Karma
Nirvana
46
Politically, the 'golden age' of China is noted for selecting officials based on "
merit
." This means they
abolished their empire and created separate city-states.
created NeoConfucian examinations to qualify for ministries.
drafted young boys into the military for a fighting elite.
granted universal democratic voting rights.
47
Generally speaking, who held the power in most social structures prior to 1750?
history teachers/scholars
wealthy businessmen
nobles/aristocrats
kings/monarchs
48
How did culture spread along trade routes?
Culture only changed when missionaries brought new religions to countries
Merchants brought new ideas, beliefs & ways with the goods they traded
Cuture didn't spread because different cultures didn't interact
Culture changed little since people wanted to stay true to their country
49
A theory of the Origins of Civilization/Government that sees government as
an extension of the family
?
The Social Contract Theory
The Evolution Theory
The Divine Right Theory
The Force Theory
50
The "Crusades" (1095-1492) were MOSTLY a series of wars between which two civilizations?
European Christian Kingdoms vs. Islamic Caliphates
East Asia vs. Northern pastoralists
Muslim Caliphates vs. Hindu South Asian Kingdoms
East African city-states vs. Southeast Asian city-states
51
Which of the following is
NOT
true of mercantilism?
Strict laws were passed regulating trade bet. parent nations & colonies
Gain gold and silver treasure for European monarchs
Used resources/raw materials from colonies that weren't available in Europe
Created a system of fair trade between European nations and colonies
