Why were labor unions generally unsuccessful in the 19th century?

Government sided with business owners, against workers

What was Tin Pan Alley?

Street in New York City where popular music was published

What was the Gospel of Wealth?

Carnegie's belief that wealthy people should help the poor

What is economic laissez-faire?

Few government rules on business

List three results of industrialization in the U.S.?

urbanization, improved living standard, economic growth

What was the purpose of the Dawes Act?

Assimilate Native Americans to white culture

What caused the American Federation of Labor to be the most successful labor union of this era?

Only skilled workers could join the union

What was a robber baron?

Businessman who gets rich from monopolies, trusts, workers

What are three characteristics of the free enterprise system?

private ownership, competition, few gov't regulations

Who was Benjamin Rush?

Founding Father, physician, supporter of public education

What is a monopoly and what are some problems with monopolies?

One company owns all of a good or service; no competition

Why did Andrew Carnegie establish the U.S. Steel Corporation?

To control steel prices and production practices

Why was industrialism successful in the U.S.?

Natural resources, infrastructure, large labor force

What was the Hull House and who created it?

Settlement house that helped new immigrants/Jane Addams

What methods did Boss Tweed use to gain power in New York City?

Offered favors in exchange for controlling votes

Sending young children to work in factories and mines

Why did political machines help immigrants and newcomers to the cities?

In exchange for the immigrants' votes

What were two results of the Homestead Act?

Westward expansion, conflict between farmers and Indians

Explain how vertical integration works?

A company owns all steps of the production process

How did political machines aid immigrants?

Helped with their economic, social & political assimilation

Describe living conditions in tenements.

crowded, dirty, no running water, stench

Explain how horizontal integration worked.

Corporation owns all of one step of production process

How did the Americanization movement work?

Classes in English, US history for immigrants to assimilate

What were the results of the invention of the light bulb?

Factories could add night shifts

32. Why did people invent barbed wire, steel plows, and hydraulic mining?

To adapt to geographic conditions in the western US

What was the goal of the nativist movement?

Protect jobs for Americans, restrict immigration

Describe how the industrialists used their power to influence government?

Industrialists received favorable treatment from government

studbud

Industrialization/Gilded Age

35 termsStudBud Administration138 plays

#industrialism #gildedage

Flashcards35 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 35

Answers

1
What was the general trend in the size of cities from the Civil War through 1920?
Increased
Stayed the same
Decreased
Western cities grew, but eastern cities declined
2
Why were labor unions generally unsuccessful in the 19th century?
Immigrants were not allowed to join labor unions
Workers were happy with their jobs and working conditions
Business owners surrendered to workers' demands easily
Government sided with business owners, against workers
3
What was Tin Pan Alley?
Street in New York City where popular music was published
A Chicago settlement house opened by Jane Addams
Alley with the worst tenement in New York City
Location of the worst factory fire in US history
4
What was the Gospel of Wealth?
Morgan's decision to bail out the government
Rockefeller's decision to create an oil monopoly
Carnegie's belief that wealthy people should help the poor
Vanderbilt's philosophy of wealth distribution
5
What is economic laissez-faire?
Government owns the means of production
Anti-monopoly laws that create fairness
Few government rules on business
Many government rules on business
6
List three results of industrialization in the U.S.?
mandatory education, settlement houses, soup kitchens
increased workplace safety, minimum wage, paid leave
urbanization, improved living standard, economic growth
drought, interstate highways, plastics
7
What was the purpose of the Dawes Act?
Assimilate Native Americans to white culture
Provide land grant colleges across the Midwest
Build the transcontinental railroad
Celebrate the Native Americans' heritage
8
What caused the American Federation of Labor to be the most successful labor union of this era?
Unskilled workers were recruited to the union
Women played a key role in its leadership
Only skilled workers could join the union
It charged its members high dues to test their loyalty
9
What was a robber baron?
Government officials who sought to limit industrialists
Businessman who gets rich from monopolies, trusts, workers
Businessman who operates fairly, treats workers well
Labor unions who "robbed" businesses through strikes
10
What are three characteristics of the free enterprise system?
state ownership, laissez-faire, federalism
private ownership, competition, few gov't regulations
trade unions, progressivism, marginal pricing
public ownership, monopolies, technology
11
Who was Benjamin Rush?
Industrialist, philanthropist, factory owner
Author of Social Darwinism theory
Founding Father, first to sign Declaration of Independence
Founding Father, physician, supporter of public education
12
What is a monopoly and what are some problems with monopolies?
A few companies produce a product; lower prices
Companies stop producing a product; unemployment
One company owns all of a good or service; no competition
Many companies produce a product; improved quality
13
Why did Andrew Carnegie establish the U.S. Steel Corporation?
To break up political machines and improve business lobbying
To encourage small companies to engage in steel production
To encourage competition and fair working conditions
To control steel prices and production practices
14
Why was industrialism successful in the U.S.?
Popular sovereignty, federalism, republicanism
Horizontal integration, trusts, interestate commerce
Natural resources, infrastructure, large labor force
Government control of means of production, nativism
15
What was the purpose of the Chinese Exclusion Act?
Improved immigrant working conditions
Assimilated Chinese immigrants
Promoted Chinese immigration
Limited Chinese immigration
16
What was the Hull House and who created it?
Tenement for factory workers/Jacob Riis
Anti-lynching society and newspaper/Ida B. Wells
Settlement house that helped new immigrants/Jane Addams
Group to outlaw child labor/Mother Jones
17
What methods did Boss Tweed use to gain power in New York City?
Led strikes to protest unsafe working conditions and low pay
Offered favors in exchange for controlling votes
Organized elections in which voters' opinions were respected
Opened settlement houses to provide services for immigrants
18
What is child labor?
Household and farm chores
Mandatory school attendance
Special unions set up for children
Sending young children to work in factories and mines
19
What incident led to a decrease in support for the Knights of Labor?
Pullman Strike
Haymarket Riot
Boston Massacre
October Surprise
20
Why did political machines help immigrants and newcomers to the cities?
It was part of their nativist beliefs
Because they were philanthropists
In exchange for the immigrants' votes
Immigrants wanted to run for office
21
What is the purpose of trusts and monopolies?
reduce competition
improve product quality
increase competition
create a faster production process
22
What was the device that aided long distance communication and who invented it?
Assembly line/Ford
Telephone/Bell
Light bulb/Edison
Elevator/Otis
23
What were two results of the Homestead Act?
Gold Rush, Chinese Exclusion Act
Increase in factory jobs, tenements
Westward expansion, conflict between farmers and Indians
Growth of cities, cheap steel
24
What was a geographic barrier to the construction of the transcontinental railroad?
Plateaus
Plains
Tundras
Mountains
25
Explain how vertical integration works?
Immigrants build vertical skyscrapers from cheap steel
A company owns all steps of the production process
A company owns only one step of the production process
Women receive the right to vote
26
How did political machines aid immigrants?
Helped with their economic, social & political assimilation
As nativist groups, they provided no aid to immigrants
Offered them land along the western frontier
Helped them get green cards and pass the citizenship test
27
Describe living conditions in tenements.
farms where immigrants could escape urbanization
crowded, dirty, no running water, stench
light, spacious, welcoming
average middle class housing
28
Who regulates prices and wages in a laissez-faire economy?
trade unions
business owners
government
supply and demand
29
What were the reasons for urbanization?
Jobs
Cheap land
Free education
Plentiful housing
30
Explain how horizontal integration worked.
Corporation owns all of one step of production process
Corporation owns all steps of production process
Courts regulate ownership and break up trusts and monopolies
Government creates a monopoly over the business
31
How did the Americanization movement work?
Policies to reduce immigration and increase American jobs
Lessons to teach immigrants how to farm corn and wheat
Classes in English, US history for immigrants to assimilate
Programs to help homesick immigrants return to Europe
32
What were the results of the invention of the light bulb?
People rejected it as dangerous
Factories could add night shifts
The number of monopolies increased
Unemployment increased among immigrants
33
32. Why did people invent barbed wire, steel plows, and hydraulic mining?
To adapt to geographic conditions in the western US
To increase the size of US cities, like Chicago and New York
To promote ranching as the primary western industry
To encourage Native Americans to assimilate
34
What was the goal of the nativist movement?
Protect jobs for Americans, restrict immigration
Increase job opportunities for immingrants
Assimilate Native Americans
Create environmental protection programs
35
Describe how the industrialists used their power to influence government?
Government created laws that restricted the industrialists
Industrialists received favorable treatment from government
Industrialists wanted to increase rules on their businesses
Business owners wanted restrictions on immigration

Industrialization/Gilded Age Flashcards | StudBud