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Unit 1: Biology Basics Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 1: Biology Basics
Unit 1: Biology Basics
35 terms
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Macromolecules, Chemistry of Life and Nature of Science
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35 cards
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Questions
35
Answers
1
smallest part of an element that still has the properties of that element
matter
cell
atom
molecule
2
An atom is electrically neutral because…
the numbers of protons and electrons are equal
neutrons balance the protons and electrons.
nuclear forces stabilize the charges
the numbers of protons and neutrons are equal
3
Which of the following determines the primary structure of a protein?
How hydrogen bonds form determines the primary structure
How the glycerol and fatty acids bond determines the primary structure
The number of double bonds determines the primary structure
The sequence of amino acids determines the primary structure
4
Adipose tissue cushions and insulates the body. Which macromolecule is prevalent in this tissue
Lipids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
5
Which macromolecule, along with its example, is described in the table?
Protein: enzyme and hemoglobin
Lipid: wax and oil
Nucleic Acid: DNA and RNA
Carbohydrate: starch and cellulose
6
Which macromolecule, along with its example, is described in the table?
Protein: enzyme and hemoglobin
Nucleic Acid: DNA and RNA
Lipid: wax and oil
Carbohydrate: starch and cellulose
7
Which particles determine the identity of an element?
Protons and electrons
Neutrons and protons
Protons only
Neutrons only
8
Which of the following is the factor that is observed and
measured
in an experiment? (the effect)
experimental group
control group
independent variable
dependent variable
9
Why are nucleic acids important for and organism?
Nucleic acids store energy.
Nucleic acids are structural components and regulate cell processes.
Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary information.
Nucleic acids are structural components and primary source of energy.
10
Which macromolecule is made of units with the following structure?
lipid
nucleic acid
carbohydrate
protein
11
Animals store most of their excess energy reserves as _______ because…
protein; it is a compact source of energy intheir bodies.
carbohydrates; they store twice as much energyper gram of glucose.
glucose; it is easy to break down
fat; they store twice as much energy per gram
12
Which macromolecule is made of polymers with this structure?
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
lipid
protein
13
Identify the living levels of organization in a human from least to most complex.
atom, macromolecule, tissue, organ, organism
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
atom, cell, tissue, organ system, organism
cell, macromolecule, organ, organ system, organism
14
Why are carbohydrates important for organisms?
Carbohydrates store and transmit hereditary information.
Carbohydrates are structural components and regulate cell processes.
Carbohydrates are structural components and the primary source of energy.
Carbohydrates store energy and are components of waterproofs coverings.
15
Which macromolecule would be a long-term energy source?
lipid
protein
nucleic acids
carbohydrate
16
Which molecule is correctly paired with the class of molecule to which is belongs?
steroids - carbohydrates
lactose - lipid
fructose - nucleic acid
hemoglobin - protein
17
Fats, oils, waxes, and steroids are all examples of which macromolecules?
carbohydrates
proteins
lipids
nucleic acids
18
Atoms of elements in the same group of the periodic table share the same
number of energy levels
number of valence electrons
atomic numbers
atomic masses
19
Which biomolecule stores carbohydrates in plants?
Insulin stores carbohydrates in plants.
Glycogen stores carbohydrates in plants.
Protein stores carbohydrates in plants.
Starch stores carbohydrates in plants.
20
What level of organization would a pack of wolves be?
organism
community
population
ecosystem
21
Why are lipids important for an organism?
They store and transmit hereditary information.
They are structural components and the primary source of energy.
They regulate cell processes and are structural components.
They store energy and are components of waterproof and protective coverings
22
Which macromolecule is made from units with this structure?
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
lipid
protein
23
A food sample left a greasy spot on a paper and tested positive for starch. Which macromolecules are present?
protein and nucleic acid
protein and lipid
carbohydrate and nucleic acid
Carbohydrate and lipid
24
What is the most basic unit of life?
macromolecule
atom
tissue
cell
25
The most important element necessary for life that makes up EVERY macromolecule is
uranium
gold
sodium
carbon
26
Life can exist under frozen surfaces in polar seas because
water is a terrific solvent.
water is less dense as a solid.
water has a high surface tension.
water has a high specific heat.
27
The subatomic particles that are lost, gained, or shared in chemical bonds are called
protons
valence electrons
positrons
atoms
28
Oil does not dissolve in waterand stays separate. This means oil is _ and _
hydrophilic and polar
hydrophobic and polar
hydrophobic and nonpolar
hydrophilic and nonpolar
29
Which macromolecule would be a short-term energy source?
carbohydrates
proteins
lipids
nucleic acids
30
Which type of macromolecule has the function of storing and transmitting hereditary or genetic information?
lipid
carbohydrate
protein
nucleic acid
31
Proteins are long molecules that are built from various combinations of _________.
nucleic acids
monosaccharides
fatty acids
amino acids
32
Phospholipids consist of a phosphate group attached to two
nucleic acids
amino acids
fatty acids
monomers
33
This is starch, a complex carbohydrate. What best describes the relationship between starch and glucose?
Starch is polymer made of glucose monomers.
Starch is monomer that is used to make glucose
Starch and glucose are reactants that combine to form nucleic acids.
Starch and glucose are reactants that combine to form proteins.
34
Which macromolecule, along with its example, is described in the table?
Lipid: wax and oil
Carbohydrate: starch and cellulose
Protein: enzyme and hemoglobin
Nucleic Acid: DNA and RNA
35
We aquire nucleic acids through the food we eat
False
True
