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IB ESS Topic 4.1 HL Flashcards | StudBud
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IB ESS Topic 4.1 HL
IB ESS Topic 4.1 HL
15 terms
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Unit 4 revisions IB(DP) ESS High Level
Flashcards
15 cards
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Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
15
Answers
1
Why is water's high specific heat capacity crucial for life?
Enables water to dissolve substances, facilitating biological processes
Regulates environmental/body temps, maintaining stable conditions
Imrpvoe cohesion/adhesion props, supporting H20 movement
Prevents water bodies from freezing, preserving aquatic habitats
2
How does water's transparency support aquatic ecosystems?
By facilitating the dissolution of gases, ensuring adequate oxygen supply
By reducing water density, allowing organisms to float easily
By allowing sunlight to penetrate underwater, enabling photosynthesis
By enhancing capillary action, aiding nutrient transport in aquatic plants
3
Which of the following is
NOT
a way carbon is sequestered in the ocean?
Released into the atmosphere via evaporation
Dissolved carbon
In sediments on the ocean floor
In marine organisms
4
How does global warming affect ocean stratification?
Reduces salinity differences, weakening the separation between water layers
Intensifies stratification, trapping heat at surface limiting circulation
It increases vertical mixing, distributing oxygen and nutrients evenly
It promotes upwelling, bringing nutrient-rich water to the surface
5
What is the significance of water being most dense at 4°C?
It increases the solubility of gases in water, supporting aquatic organisms
It facilitates the formation of thermoclines, separating water layers
Enhances H20s ability to act as solvent, facilitating chemical reactions
It allows ice to float, insulating water bodies and protecting aquatic life
6
What is the primary cause of ocean acidification?
The release of sulfur dioxide from volcanic eruptions
The dumping of acidic industrial waste into the ocean
The increase in ocean temperatures due to global warming
The absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
7
Which of the following is
NOT
a consequence of water's polarity?
Ability to dissolve nonpolar molecules
Formation of hydrogen bonds
High specific heat capacity
Effective solvent properties
8
What is a potential negative consequence of upwellings?
Disruption of thermohaline circulation patterns, altering global climate
Reduced nutrients due to mixing of nutrient-poor surface water
Overfishing - depletion of fish populations and ecosystem collapse
Increased ocean acidification due to the rising of acidic deep water
9
How does the thermohaline circulation system regulate Earth's climate?
By distributing oxygen and nutrients evenly throughout the ocean
By moderating the effects of El Niño and La Niña events
By transferring heat from the tropics to the poles
By transporting heat from the poles to the tropics
10
Which of the following statements about upwellings is INCORRECT?
Bring cold, nutrient-rich water to the surface
Are caused by winds or currents pushing surface water away
Support large phytoplankton pops, forming base of marine food webs
Occur exclusively in coastal regions
11
How does
long-term sequestration
in seabed sediments contribute to the global carbon cycle?
By releasing CO2 back into the atmosphere by volcanic activity
Providing nutrient source for marine organisms, enhancing productivity
Storing carbon in stable form, preventing reentry into atmosphere
Regulating salinity, influencing thermohaline circulation patterns
12
What allows small organisms, like insects, to walk on water?
Cohesion
Solvent properties
Adhesion
High specific heat capacity
13
What impact could the melting of ice caps have on thermohaline circulation?
Weaken/stop conveyor belt - reducing surface water salinity and density
Strengthen conveyor belt by increasing the density of surface water
Have no significant impact as the melting occurs in isolated polar regions
Accelerate conveyor belt, providing greater volume of water for circulation
14
What is a potential long-term consequence of ocean acidification?
Expansion of oxygen-depleted zones due to reduced oxygen solubility
Collapse of marine ecosystems e.g those reliant on calcium carbonate
Increased upwelling, bringing nutrient-rich water to the surface
Enhanced phytoplankton growth due to increased carbon dioxide availability
15
What drives thermohaline circulation?
Differences in water temperature and salinity
Wind patterns and the Earth's rotation
Tidal forces and gravitational pull
Geothermal activity and volcanic eruptions
