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World History Chapter 8 (Enlightenment and Revolution) Review Flashcards | StudBud
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World History Chapter 8 (Enlightenment and Revolution) Review
World History Chapter 8 (Enlightenment and Revolution) Review
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1
Why were Margaret Cavendish and Maria Winkelmann not taken seriously as scientists?
They were from poor families
Their findings were credited to other people
They were women
Their work was completely wrong
2
Which enlightened absolutist made Russia stronger but made life worse for the serfs?
Maria Theresa
Joseph II
Frederick II
Catherine the Great
3
Based on his belief in direct observation, Francis Bacon created what?
Heliocentric Model of the Solar System
The BLT
3 Basic Laws of Motion
Scientific Method
4
Which founding document was written and passed by the Continental Congress in York?
Bill of Rights
Articles of Confederation
U.S. Constitution
Declaration of Independence
5
What is Voltaire best know for?
Advocating for women's rights
The social contract
His criticism of Christianity
Being the founder of economics
6
What idea from Montesquieu can be found in the U.S. Constitution?
Social Contract
Laissez-Faire economics
Natural Rights
Separation of Powers
7
What area of land caused 2 wars between Austria and Prussia?
Germany
The Balkans
Silesia
Russia
8
The foundation of the Scientific Revolution was laid when...
Copernicus created the heliocentric model
Isaac Newton discovered gravity
Vesalius started to dissect human bodies
Philosophers started to question ancient Greek ideas
9
Who influenced the Declaration of Independence & thought everyone was born with a blank mind?
Rousseau
Thomas Hobbes
Montesquieu
John Locke
10
Which of the following was NOT a job Adam Smith thought the government should do?
Regulate the economy
Manage large public works problems
Protect citizens from injustice
Protect the nation from foreign invasion
11
What influenced the Enlightenment?
The Dark Ages
Ancient Rome
The Renaissance
The Scientific Revolution
12
A laissez-faire economy is one where...
The government does not interfere
The economy is directly controlled by the government
Only the rich can buy and sell goods
Whole industries are controlled by one company
13
What new invention(s) helped scientists practice direct observation?
Telescope and Microscope
Syringe
Printing Press
X-Ray Machine
14
Mary Wollstonecraft based her women's rights work on the fact that...
80% of Europe was female
Women, as humans, can reason just like men
Women are superior to men
Europe had a number of successful queens
15
What scientific law explains WHY the planets stay in their orbits around the sun?
Universal law of Gravitation
Boyle's Law
Pascal's Law
Kepler's First Law
16
What treaty ended the War of Austrian Succession?
Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
Treaty of Paris
Treaty of Westphalia
Treaty of Hubertusburg
17
Who created the heliocentric model of the solar system?
Johannes Kepler
Ptolemy
Issac Newton
Copernicus
18
Which enlightened absolutist made the most radical changes in their kingdom?
Frederick II
Joseph II
Louis XIV
Frederick William I
19
Freedom of speech, equality under the law, and the right to property are all what?
Parts of the Declaration of Independence
Parts of the Articles of Confederation
Things you take for granted
Natural rights
20
What made Descartes set aside everything he had learned and start fresh?
He lost his memory in an accident
Science was now only based on new information
He doubted everything he had learned
Someone told him everything he had learned was wrong
21
Why did education and literacy spread so quickly during the Enlightenment?
Every child had to go to school
Aristocrats wrote books
People had a lot more free time
Books were aimed at the common man
22
According to the social contract, general will represents what is best for who?
The wealthy
The person in charge of the government
The whole community
The peasants
23
Which philosopher was the father of rationalism and doubted everything he knew?
Bacon
Descartes
Pascal
Vesalius
24
What is the Bill of Rights?
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution
The document that declared the US its own country
A document summarizing the cost of the American Revolution
The first government of the United States
25
A government where power is shared between state and federal governments is a what?
Theocracy
Federal system
Monarchy
Democratic system
26
What kind of rulers tried to use Enlightenment ideas but also keep all their power?
Prime ministers
Presidents
Enlightened absolutists
Dictators
27
Which document showed the American colonists' fear of a strong federal (national) government?
Bill of Rights
Treaty of Paris
Declaration of Independence
Articles of Confederation
28
How did the 7 Years' War affect what would become the United States?
The U.S. declared independence right after the 7 Years' War.
Britain gained the territory that would become the U.S.
France refused to give up any territory
Britain lost all of their land in North America
29
Which of the following was NOT a result of the Treaty of Paris of 1763?
France gave Canada to Britain
Spain gave Florida to Britain
French influence was removed from India
Britain gained the Louisiana Territory
30
According to Rousseau, a social contract is created when...
One person decides to claim complete power
A community agrees to be ruled by its general will
A monarch oppresses his subjects
Everyone agrees to a violent revolution
31
Francis Bacon believed that scientists should do what when they are working?
Use reasoning to work out a problem
Give up
Base their work on the writings of ancient Greeks
Make up data using their imaginations
32
Which scientist was the first European to observe space with a telescope?
Copernicus
Ptolemy
Galileo
Kepler
33
Rococo art is different from Mannerist and Baroque art because it focuses on what?
Violent imagery
Pursuit of love, happiness, and pleasure
Religious symbolism
Self-portraits
