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Unit 5 Cognitive Psych (Memory, language, problem solving, partial intelligence) Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 5 Cognitive Psych (Memory, language, problem solving, partial intelligence)
Unit 5 Cognitive Psych (Memory, language, problem solving, partial intelligence)
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1
Chunking increases memory efficiency by
mental imagery
visualizing
associating each item with a well-established mental image
decreasing the number of items that must be remembered
2
What are Morphemes?
The largest component of speech that carries meaning
The smallest component of speech that carries meaning
A component of Speech
No clue
3
What is declarative memory?
symptom of memory disorders which made-up stories fill any gaps in memory
type of forgetting that occurs when memories fade over time
conscious recollection of particular facts and events (type of LTM)
identification of a thing or person from previous encounters or knowledge
4
Emotional Intelligence
Being artificially, naturally, ingeniously intelligent
The extent to the strength of your emotions
The ability to control your own emotions
The ability to recognize their own and other peoples emotion
5
The Flynn effect is most likely due to improvements in _________________
education and nutrition
electronic media
test taking strategies
reaction time
6
What is an example of retroactive interference?
You try to remember a new password but only remember the old
You try to remember a new friend but only remember an old one
You try to remember an old password but only remember the new
You try to remember a new address but only remember the old
7
What is state-dependent memory?
Memories that are the opposite of the mood you're in
Tendency to recall experiences that go with your mood
Memories that make you feel a certain way
Only being able to encode certain memories in a certain mood
8
Rebuilding your memory of the past is called ?
short term memory
Schema Theory
Reconstructive memory
memory traces
9
Which one is NOT a type of Emotional Intelligence?
Emotional Perception and Expression
Emotional Reception
Emotional Understanding
Emotional Management
10
Decision making, problem solving, thinking, cognition, intelligence, comprehension.
Frontal Lobe
Hippocampus
Parietal Lobe
Cerebellum
11
Wolfgang Köhler considered a chimpanzee’s sudden solving of a problem evidence of
instinct
insight
a mental set
modeling
12
How many phonemes does GIRL have?
2
4
3
5
13
All of the following are ways to improve your memory
EXCEPT
:
repression
repetition
mnemonic device
chunking
14
Which is an example of an implicit memory
Remembering how to tie your shoelace
Recalling the name of your JH math teacher
Describing the taste of a birthday cake
Recognizing a celebrity
15
Society's general increase in intelligence due to technology is known as _______.
Down syndrome
Theories of Intelligence
Flynn effect
Savant syndrome
16
A procedural memory is...
A memory of an specific life event
A memory very vivid almost life-like memory
A memory of for colors and numbers
A memory of how to do a specific task
17
The function of sensory memory is to...
Hold sensory impressions long enough for transfer
Hold the immediate perception of what was perceived
Hold information for a lifetime
Put information into long-term memory
18
What are phonemes?
Memory that stores audio information
The smallest speech unit in a language that can be distinguished
enduring memory associated with a personal signicant
is a system of rules that specify how words can be arranged in a sentence
19
Scotty worked to find the solution to a long-division problem. In solving the problem
confirmation bias
convergent thinking
divergent thinking
framing
20
Which of these are NOT a type of intelligence?
Fluid intelligence
Ability intelligence
Crystallized intelligence
General intelligence
21
Representativeness Heuristic
previous belief
something available
can create or sustain stereotypes
problem solving method
22
The spacing effect
A time paradox where space effects how time precedes
studying over time to yield better long term retention.
memory that takes place when something familiar comes up.
Effects that happen when in Space
23
How many types of intelligence does Gardner propose?
Five
Eight
Three
Two
24
Which best illustrates episodic memory?
Answering correctly about a date for a Civil War battle
Telling someone how to tie a shoe
Recalling times tables from 2nd grade
Remembering that a clown was at your 5th birthday
25
The misinformation effect refers to the
tendency to recall experiences that are consistent mood.
the eerie sense that “I've been in this situation before.”
disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall.
incorporation of misleading information into memory.
26
Long Term Memory is
relatiely permanent with "limited capacity"
absolute permanent with "unlimited capacity"
relatively permanent with "unlimited capacity"
absolute permanent with "limited capacity"
27
A flashbulb memory is
the retention of encoded information over time
the processing of information into the memory system
a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
Memory of one's personal experiences
28
What is fluid intelligence?
Knowledge of fluid objects
Your use of accumulated knowledge
Your ability to solve abstract problems
Your ever changing knowledge
29
What are the the stages of the memory processes?
analyzing, storing, retrieval
encoding, storage, retrieval
encoding, saving, analyzing
retrieving, analyzing, sensing
30
How do casinos take advantage of the availability heuristic?
Making it easy to win initially and drawing gamblers in
Always having a lot of cash on hand in case of a big bet
Having Slot Machines readily available
Emphasizing wins with flashing lights and downplaying losses
31
Crystalized intelligence ____with age while fluid intelligence ___ .
stays the same, increases steadily with age
increases, begins to decrease after age 30
decreases, increases
stays the same, increases
32
Availability heuristic theory argues that...
A person's diet can effect how they view crime
More hours spent watching TV = view that crime is high
Fear is influenced by believe of risk and impact
Fear is influenced by how readily we access crime images
33
Characteristics of savant syndrome MOST directly suggest that intelligence is
culturally constructed concept
accurately measured by general intelligence : G factor
largely unpredictable & unmeasurable
diverse set of distinct abilities
34
Semantic memory is
your memory for meanings and general (impersonal) facts
Memory of one's personal experiences
loss of memory for events immediately following a trauma
the power of retaining and recalling past experience
35
An example of semantic memory would be... (semantics, semantics)
Mrs. Miller recalls details of her 1st kiss!
Michael remembers the names of cities, colors, foods.
Katy remembers what she had for lunch.
Tim can shoot a basketball with his motor skills.
36
What part of brain does not store memory?
hypothalamus
amygdala
corpus callosum
hippocampus
37
How many phonemes does TOE have?
2
4
8
6
38
Proactive interference occurs when?
Memories are inaccessible
Past learning is forgotten
Past learning interferes with current learning
Current learning interferes with past learning
39
Who was the founder of multiple intelligence?
Freud
Binet
Gardner
Sternberg
40
Crystalized intelligence involves...
Problem solving
Facts
Reason
Adaptability
41
What is linguistic determinism?
Determining what language is being spoken
Sensitive period in childhood language development
Distinguishing between sounds
Theory that language influences thinking
42
This picture is an example of a ______________, a memory aid.
primacy effect
iconic memory
acoustic memory
mnemonic
43
What is an example of proactive interference?
You remember a new phone number instead of the new one
You remember a new friend's name instead of an old one
You drive to the new pizza place's location instead of the old
You drive to the old pizza place's location instead of the new
44
What is retroactive interference?
When someone forgets events before their accident
interference where old information blocks new information
When someone forgets events after their accident
interference where new information blocks old information
45
What is the magic number of memory?
7 +/- 2
3 +/- 5
4 +/- 2
5 +/- 2
46
What is a good representation of functional fixidness
a rocket is used to go to the moon
a astronauts helmet can not be used as a fish bowl
a burrito is good for throwing at you ex-boyfriends car
a planet can rotate only clockwise
47
What is damaged with Broca's asphasia?
hearing
understanding of speech
speech production
personality
48
Which of the following was the first scale to measure intelligence?
The Binet-Simon scale (Alfred Binet, 1905)
Wechsler Adults Intelligence scale
The IQ test (William Stern)
Fluid intelligence scale
49
Select the most relevant definition for emotional intelligence.
Understanding how to make people upset.
Knowing when to cry or laugh.
Feeling hungry or thirsty.
Understanding emotions and how they influence behaviours.
50
Which of the following is the best example of framing
Diet Pills not shown to be effective yet still use
Locked your keys in the car but didn't think to call AAA
Thought you knew the answers yet got a 65% on the test
Lotion commercial says lotion is 75% all natural
51
g factor general intelligence?
Charles Spearman
Robert Sternberg
Lewis Terman
Howard Garder
52
Intelligence researchers like Gardner and Sternberg argue that schools focus too much on
nonessential subjects like art and music
traditional and analytical subjects and methods
meeting the needs of students with disabilities
environmental factors that influence intelligence
53
What is an echoic memory?
An auditory memory
A repressed memory
A memory brought up by a feeling
A visual sensory memory
54
A(n) ________ is a strategy that guarantees a solution to a problem.
heuristic
algorithm
trial and error
phoneme
55
If you have retrograde amnesia you cannot remember...
Your past experiences
Your implicit memories
Your present experiences
Your explicit memories
56
Antegrade amnesia is:
Unable to recall own name
Loss of memory of events after injury
Loss of memory of events before injury
Loss of memory during injury
57
The effect that misleading details can effect a persons memory
Encoding Failure
Misinformation effect
Tip of the Tongue Phenomenon
Source Amnesia
58
Alfred Binet believed that intelligence was...
if you could answer all the questions on the test
cognitive abilities
how well you did in maths
age-related and focused on mental functions
59
What is a heuristic?
Uncontrollable systematic error in thinking that affect our decision making
Something used to identify something based on association with a category
Mental shortcuts/rules that allow people to make judgements
A memory store
60
What is short-term memory?
converting memory to be retained
relatively permanent storage
recovering information from storage
stores small amounts of information for short periods of time
