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World History Final Exam Review
World History Final Exam Review
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1
The US policy of “containment” during the Cold War was aimed at:
Preventing the spread of deadly diseases
Rebuilding Europe like American capitalist democracy
Limiting the growth of nuclear weapons
Stopping the spread of Communism
2
In a socialist society, who controls the factories?
The leader of the state
Private owners
All of the workers who collectively share in its benefit
3
How did the invention of the printing press impact the book market & help fuel thought in Renaissance Europe?
Books were only printed in Latin
They spread quickly, were affordable, in many languages increasing literacy
Books were able to be made more detailed and fancier
Many publishers went out of business
4
Why were the combined claims of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galilei upsetting to the Catholic Church?
They questioned narratives ofthe Bible
They questioned the authority of the Pope
They did not believe in God
5
What was the Columbian Exchange?
Movement of animals, people, & diseases between Afro-Eurasia & the Americas
Meeting to discuss the division of Africa
Philosophical movement inspired by Sci. Rev. Use reason to improve society
6
In 1923 German currency lost most of its value, sending the economy into a freefall. This is an example of...
Inflation
Corruption
Intervention
Capitalism
7
Why did the religion of Islam eventually split into 2 sects?
People disagreed on which rules and rituals were most important
They disagreed on who should lead the religion
Different cultures emerged
8
Which nation-state was created for displaced Jewish peoples as a homeland after WW2
Jordan
Kuwait
Israel
9
Above all else, what did the Spanish hope to find in the Americas?
Land to cultivate
precious metals like gold
Trade routes to Asia
10
How did Renaissance Humanist research help to give rise to the Scientific Revolution?
Italian leaders financed the research of scholars during the revolution
The revolution was spurred by critical analysis of Catholic documents
The discovery & study of ancient Greek & Roman scientific & math works
11
What was one result of the Industrial Revolution?
Cottage industries were established
Manufacturing industries created a demand for urban laborers
Regulations for a safe working environment slowed production
Subsistence farming increased
12
Who was Karl Marx
19th C German economist and philosopher. The Communist Manifesto
17th C philosopher. Called for gov't to uphold “natural rights” of citizens
Middle Ages West African king. Richest man to ever live
13
Who was Mansa Musa?
A 17th Century English philosopher. Came up with “natural rights”
A Middle Ages West African king of Mali. Gold and salt trade
German monk. Wrote “95 Theses”. Incite the Protestant Reformation in Europe
14
Divide history into time periods when the country was controlled by a leader from the same family (ex: China)
Dynasties
Oligarchies
Regimes
15
What defensive military alliance was created in 1949 between the US, Canada, & W. European nations against the USSR?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
North American Free Trade Agreement
Warsaw Pact
16
What happened to Germany following World War II?
It was forced to accept blame for the war
It split into over 300 smaller states
It was divided into 4 zones
17
How did European exploration of the Americas most affect the Inca and Aztec empires?
People move inland from coastal locations
Native relied less on farming
It encouraged tribal leaders to create alliances
It introduced diseases that resulted in a population decline
18
How did events like the Black Death & the Great Schism affect the power of the Catholic Church in Europe?
Christianity split between Roman and Byzantine catholics
The pope was democratically elected
The Church lost much of its political power and spiritual authority
The Church emerged as the dominant force of Christianity
19
How can the Islamic world be seen as a “preserver of knowledge”?
Muslims destroyed libraries and temples in the European cities
Renaissance scholars commonly studied in Muslim libraries
Muslim scholars were commonly employed in European universities
They collected & translated ancient Greek & Roman texts
20
How did Spanish explorers permanently change the cultures of the civilizations they encountered?
European trade centers were expanded
Indigenous populations were devastated by European diseases
Spanish leaders adopted the religious beliefs of the Aztecs
21
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen?
Decree by king Henry of Navarre ended the French Wars of Religion
1st French constitution during Rev. gave specific freedoms to the people
“great charter” between King John of England & his nobles in 1215
22
Free trade, private ownership, and using money for investment led what economic system in medieval Europe?
Capitalism
Manorialism
Feudalism
23
How did Europeans get African slaves during the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade?
They sent armies into African kingdoms to capture people
They kidnapped Africans from coastal villages
They traded luxury goods with Africans in exchange for slaves
24
What was the Magna Carta?
Ended French Wars of Religion. Made Catholicism official religion in France
“great charter” king was no longer above the law, but bound to it
1st French constitution. Gave people specific freedoms
25
What event helped bring World War II to an end in Japan?
The allied D-Day invasion of Normandy
The Battle of Stalingrad
The US invasion of Tokyo
The atomic bombing of Hiroshima & Nagasaki
26
What was the Berlin Conference?
uprising by Vladimir Lenin. Rebuild the gov't to form USSR
Meeting of major Euro powers. Talks to divide and colonize Africa
Movement of plants, animals, people, diseases, & more between Afro-Eurasia
27
What controversial practice by the Catholic Church caused Martin Luther to post his 95 Theses?
The destruction of Catholic relics across Europe
The translation of the Bible into vernacular languages
The sale of indulgences
28
What does temporary structures (igloos & tepees) reveal about the lifestyles of native groups?
They were merchant tribes who carried trade between groups
They did not have the knowledge to build stronger structures
They based their societies on the use of settled agriculture
They practiced a semi-nomadic lifestyle based on hunting wild animals
29
In the 19th century the Chinese confronted Great Britain over the import of what damaging product to China?
Opium
Rice
Coffee
30
How were Luther’s ideas able to spread so quickly around Europe during the Protestant Reformation?
The printing press allowed for easy copying & shared in many languages
Luther spoke many languages and traveled around Europe preaching
The Holy Roman Empire was tightly united
Support from emperor Charles V
31
The bombing of the USS Cole & the September 11th attacks by Al-Qaeda are modern examples of:
Terrorism
Espionage
Cyber warfare
Conventional warfare
32
What is feudalism?
leader tries to control every aspect of society. Ex: Nazi Germany
In Japan & Europe in Middle Ages. Self-sustaining small-scale societies
Prejudice towards people of Jewish faith and ancestry
33
What best describes 19th c. European colonialism in Africa?
Industrial nations competed for control of natural resources
Native populations accepted democratic government reforms
Large standing armies were needed to maintain public order
Religious organizations were required to respect local customs
34
Why did Protestants split into many different groups across Europe?
They disagreed on who should lead Christianity
They had differing interpretations of the Bible
They set up local groups to govern in different parts of Europe
35
Nazi Germany’s Nuremberg Laws were created to deny citizenship to:
Clergy
Communists
Immigrants
Jews
36
What is Absolutism?
monarch should maintain total control over kingdom. Divine right of kings
prejudice and hostility towards people of Jewish faith and ancestry
European empires competed for control of territory across the world.
37
Vladimir Lenin’s Bolsheviks are credited for the founding of what former world power?
The Soviet Union
The Austro-Hungarian Empire
Yugoslavia
38
Why was the creation of the state of Israel seen as controversial to some today?
Muslim Palestinians already lived there who hoped for the
They didn't ask what the Jewish community wanted
They did not consider the territory disputed between Muslims and Christians
39
Which statement about the Renaissance is
true
?
It started in France after its victory in the Hundred Years’ War
It impacted all people across Europe, especially the peasants
It was a short event, occurring rapidly across Europe
Europe rediscovered ancient Greek & Roman, ideas, art, & culture
40
The decline of the Qing dynasty in China throughout the 1800s was hastened by:
A Communist revolution
Meddling by imperialist powers
Invasion by the Mongols
An outbreak of the Bubonic Plague
41
How would the US respond following the September 11th attacks in 2001?
Invade and occupy the nation of Afghanistan for 20 years
Push the forces of Sadaam Hussein out of the country of Kuwait
Invade Iraq to topple the regime of Saddam Hussein
42
After World War II, countries of Africa and Asia gained independence from imperial European powers, AKA
Nationalization
Unification
Decolonization
43
The Ottoman Empire existed from the 1400s until the end of:
The Seven Years War
World War I
The Napoleonic Wars
World War II
44
Indians stopped buying British goods as a protest against British rule. Why did they use this strategy?
To limit British control of India’s domestic politics
It was less profitable for the UK to exploit India through colonial trade
To stop the British from establishing a monopoly in the cotton industry
45
How did the Black Death spread to Europe?
Climate change resulted in plague-infected rats migrating into Europe
Italian merchants from the Black Sea brought it back to Italy by ship
It was brought across the Mediterranean from trans-Saharan trade
It was brought into Europe by Mongol armies from Poland
46
Who was Martin Luther
German monk “95 Theses” criticizing Catholic Church. Protestant Reformation
19th C German economist and philosopher. The Communist Manifesto
17th C philosopher. Called for gov't to uphold “natural rights” of citizens
47
In 1947, which British colony was divided into 3 pieces between majority Hindu & Muslim regions?
Vietnam
South Africa
India
48
What holy city formed the epicenter of the Crusades during the Middle Ages?
Constantinople
Mecca
Rome
Jerusalem
49
Concepts like the “white man’s burden” & Social Darwinism were examples of what truth about “new imperialism”?
African & Asian nations could not compete with Europe's technology
Europeans used racism to justify the subjugation of peoples in Africa/Asia
Colonies largely benefitted under European rule
50
What 2 commodities dominated trade in West Africa during the Middle Ages?
Iron and spices
Spices and silk
Gold and salt
51
How did Hiter’s demands for “lebensraum” relate to the social Darwinist ideology of the Nazi Party?
Hitler wanted to invade France as revenge for the losses suffered in WWI
Hitler wanted to recoup territory that Germany lost in the first World War
Hitler believed that Germans were a superior race & deserved to expand
52
1500s - 1880s, the bulk of production on European sugar plantations in the Americas was accomplished by:
Slaves imported from Africa
Feudal serfs
Native American labor
53
How did Michael Gorbechev’s policies of “Glasnost” (openness) and “Perestroika” (restructuring) impact the Soviet Union?
They limited the production of nuclear weapons
They allowed the nation to more effectively compete with US
Led to unrest & protests, eventually resulting it its collapse
54
What characteristic made serfs in Europe different from other peasants?
Serfs were free to move from place to place
Serfs were bound to the land & forced to work for the lord who owned it
Serfs generally made a higher income than peasants
55
What is a characteristic of the divine right of kings?
Monarchs listen to parliament
The monarch derives authority from God
Parliamentary representatives share power
The clergy make government decision
