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Evolution and Ecology Final Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Evolution and Ecology Final Review
Evolution and Ecology Final Review
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Flashcards
61 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
61
Answers
1
TRUE or FALSE: Natural selection will still occur if each individual has the same exact traits
TRUE
FALSE
2
Interspecies Competition
Between members of different species
Between members of the same species
3
What is a biological community and all of the abiotic factors that affect it called?
Biosphere
Ecosystem
Biome
Population
4
In this food chain, enery flow is indicated by the.....
Rabbit
Grass
Arrows
Fox
5
Using the cladogram below, which organisms are most closely related?
fish & birds
sharks & amphibians
amphibians & rodents
primates & rodents
6
What provides the original energy for the food chain?
moon
animals
sun
orange juice
7
What is the "10% rule" for energy pyramids?
The number of organisms decreases by about 10% at each successive level.
Total biomass increases by about 10% at each successive level.
Total biomass decreases by about 10% at each successive level.
About 10% of energy available at one level is available at the next level.
8
Is a fish a biotic or abiotic factor?
Abiotic
Biotic
9
What is the key difference between parasitism and predation?
Predation=short term relationship, parasitism=long term
A parasite doesn't actually kill it's host
Parasites don't always hurt their hosts
A predator may not catch its prey but a parasite always does
10
Biotic or Abiotic?
BIOTIC
ABIOTIC
11
Analogous structures ______ evidence of shared recent ancestors
show
do not show
absolutly show
positively show
12
ecological community
Different species in different areas at one time
All the different species in the same area at one time
The same species in different areas at one time.
A population of the same species in the same area at one time.
13
Which organism from the cladogram does not have a vertebral column?
Lamprey
Leopard
Lancelet
Tuna
14
If the first trophic level has 700 units of energy, how much energy would there be on the secondary consumer level?
70
0.7
7
700
15
What is predation?
Native animals eating feral animals
One organism feeds on or eats another living organism
Basic hunting skills
Organisms feed on or eats dead organisms
16
What is Paracitism?
One organism benefits while the other is hurt.
Both animals are harmed.
Both animals Benefit.
One animal benefits, the other is not effected.
17
Analogous structures are examples of...
convergent evolution
divergent evolution
coevolution
parallel evolution
18
A food web can be considered...
A way to understand what humans need to eat to stay healthy
A complex representation of an ecosystem
A simple representation of an ecosystem
An basic way of describing how energy flows in an ecosystem
19
Which of the following is NOT a type of niche partitioning.
Dietary niche partitioning
Niche partitioning by resource height
Niche partitioning by resource flavor
Spatial niche partitioning
20
What is one way food chains and energy pyramids are similar?
both show the energy available decreasing as you go up
both are triangles
both show how energy moves through an ecosystem
21
In Mutualism, the host...
is harmed
is neither helped nor harmed
dies
is helped
22
homologous structure
metaphor
similar structure, but not similar function
logical conclusion of events
organisms that have parasites
23
Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism are the three types of
predation
prey adaptations
symbiotic relationships
competition
24
How do you "win" at natural selection?
survive
survive & reproduce
go extinct
25
Analogous structures share
Similar function but different structure
Heterozygous structures
Similar function and structure
Similar structure but different function
26
Two or more overlapping food chains form a(n)
double chain
food web
food map
consumer tree
27
What are trophic levels?
water that flows over soil into streams
position of an organism in a food chain/food pyramid
nutrient enrichment of an aquatic ecosystem
set of cross-connecting food chains/food pyramid
28
What trophic level has the most biomass?
tertiary consumers
primary producers
secondary consumers
primary consumers
29
In this food chain, what is the primary consumer?
Rabbit
Fox
Arrows
Grass
30
What are trophic levels?
nutrient enrichment of an aquatic ecosystem
water that flows over soil into streams
set of cross-connecting food chains/food pyramid
position of an organism in a food chain/food pyramid
31
What do the arrows in this food chain represent?
flow of energy
oxygen flow
carbon dioxide flow
flow of water
32
Niche partitioning
Non living factor
maximum number environment can support
Where an organism lives
sharing resources in the same environment
33
Biotic or Abiotic?
ABIOTIC
BIOTIC
34
Which characteristic is
NOT
inherited? (It is acquired)
Dimples
Widow's Peak
Hair color
Tattoos
35
Divergent evolution
is demonstrated in dolphins and sharks
when different species evolve a similar form
all of these
occurs when one species becomes two
36
What trophic level has the most energy?
secondary consumers
primary producers
primary consumers
tertiary consumers
37
Finches on the gallapogos islands show what kind of evolution
Divergent
Equtorial
Convergent
Tangent
38
Based on the info in the cladogram below, which trait would be observed in ray-finned fish?
hair
four limbs
amniotic egg
bony skeleton
39
In this food/energy pyramid, which organism is a secondary consumer?
Eagle
Grasshopper
Frog
Snake
40
What would happen in this food chain if the grass disappeared?
The number of rabbits would increase
The number of grass would increase
The number of foxes would increase
The number or rabbits would decrease
41
What is commensialism?
One benefits while other dies
One benefits while other isn't harmed
One benefits while other is harmed
both benefit
42
In this food pyramid, what trophic level are the grasshoppers on?
3
2
4
1
43
Lemark came up with the concept of Acquired Characteristic. Which is true about Acquired Characteristics?
comes from an experience, such as an accident
all of the above
Develops after birth
can be a learned skill, such as reading
44
Biotic or Abiotic?
BIOTIC
ABIOTIC
45
Convergent evolution
the same species evolves different traits
When unrelated species evolve similar traits.
Evolution that happens rapidly
46
Homologous structures indicate:
Recent common ancestry
The exact age of a fossil
All of these
No relationship
47
In this food chain, what is the secondary consumer?
Grass
Fox
Arrows
Rabbit
48
The eagle should be considered a
Quatinary consumer
Primary consumer
Sceondary consumer
Primary Producer
49
Biotic or Abiotic?
BIOTIC
ABIOTIC
50
Which is an example of Geographic Isolation?
Getting food from different parts of a tree
Mating at different times of the year
A large, impassible desert
Only mate with males that do a specific dance
51
Biotic or Abiotic?
ABIOTIC
BIOTIC
52
In this picture, the grasshopper could also be called...
An autotroph
A herbivore
A carnivore
An omnivore
53
In natural selection, humans select the variations of traits to be passed down to offspring.
false
true
54
In this food chain, what is the primary producer?
Arrows
Fox
Grass
Rabbit
55
What would happen in this food chain if the rabbits increased in numbers?
The number or rabbits would decrease
The number or foxes would decrease
The number of foxes would increase
The amount of grass would increase
56
Darwin's first observations of natural selections involved:
jaguars
birds
fossils
moths
57
Convergent evolution is ...
splitting of an ancestral group into two different species
responsible for the development of analogous structures
also known as adaptive radiation
independent development of similar features in diff species
58
A decrease in prey numbers causes _________________ in predator numbers according to predator-prey dynamics.
A delayed decrease response
An instant response
A delayed increase
No change
59
Biotic or Abiotic?
ABIOTIC
BIOTIC
60
Is a rock a biotic or abiotic factor?
Biotic
Abiotic
61
Intraspecific Competition
Organisms of the same species compete for resources
Organisms of different species compete for resources.
