AP Human Geography Vocabulary

Small scale farming for you and your family; not for profit

A region with a concentration of high-tech industries and research industries, many times near universities.

Average number of children a women may have in her childbearing years

A region caught between larger conflicting powers. Leads to instability. Ex. Yugoslavia

The portion of the Earth's surface permanently inhabited by humans.

Differences between development between women and men.

Process where legal immigrants sponsor a family member for immigration

Higher bids are placed on the land closer to the CBD with lower bids the farther you go.

Centripetal forces attract/pull people in. Centrifugal forces push people away/"fly" out.

A city that is at least twice as large as next largest city

Wealthier people move into historically low-income neighborhoods.

Relative distances between places has shrunk with advancements in technology and globalization

Population divided by amount of arable land.

The drawing of political districts for the purpose of favoring one party or group to extend their advantage.

Narrow and long land divisions along rivers or roads for water and transportation.

Maximum distance a consumer will travel to purchase something

A group of people with a common identity/culture but who lack an independent state. Ex: Kurds

Total population divided by the amount of land

A faith related closely to culture and heritage; concentrated in a specific area. Ex: Hinduism, Judaism

Factors: climate, natural resources, absolute location

Denial of mortgages, loans, and insurance to people of racial minority.

Factors: rivers, roads, airports, ports (connections between places)

Core countries maintain supremacy and power over goods in LDCs

Boundaries created before human settlement. Ex. US and Canada

A multinational corporation that may advantage of labor laws and wages

Informal areas of housing with high levels of poverty.

Involuntary movement of people due to factors such as persecution, conflict, or natural disasters.

The number of working people, ages 15-64, supporting the people who are to young/old to work.

Politcal border drawn by an external forced with no regard to existing cultural/social divisions. Ex. Africa

Describes population growth with the relationship between death rates and birth rates - 5 stages

Core-periphery model that shows uneven socioeconomic development of countries.

A sovereign state with a shared culture, language and history. Ex. Iceland

Larger settlements are less in number and farther apart than compared to smaller settlements with less services.

A place where many firms in the same industry are concentrated.

A foreign worker who is in another country for a limited period to work.

Farming that uses lots of labor and capital on a small area of land.

When an immigrant group adopts practices of the larger group while still maintaining their own culture.

Shifting cultivation-burning vegetation to create a nutrient rich layer for agriculture cultivaton

A movement to reclaim territories "unredemed" by a state usually based on historical/ethnic ties.

When an idea or cultural trait spreads through the physical movement of people.

Using an external company for specific tasks of your own company.

South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore

Economic activities that operate outside government regulation, not taxed, found more in LDCs

Laws of the sea: 12 nautical miles, 24 nautical miles, 200 miles

When the ethnic group can longer be identified from the receiving cultural group.

A boundary drawn after settlement but reflects existing cultural differences.

Land survey system that uses a grid-like patter to divide and organize land.

An international group containing multiple countries that work together on shared goals. Ex. NATO

1st-Neolithic, 2nd-Industrial, 3rd-Green Revolution, 4th, Biotechnological Era

Order of the 5 economic sectors from natural resources to service based/knowledge based work

If one country became communist, neighboring countries would follow.

The nth largest city will be 1/n the size of the largest city

Fertile Crescent and the Indus Valley

Regions subordinate to the national gov't with a degree of self governance.

A highly urbanized region with the merging of multiple cities. Ex: Bos-Wash

Diffusion where the trait/innovation spreads outward-remaining strong in its source.-contagious, hierarchical, stimulus

Land survey system that uses physical features (rivers, trees) and distances for boundaries.

Percentage that the population grows in a year CDR-CBR/10

Transferring parts of a businesses' operation to a different country to lower costs.

White Americans moving to suburbs as African Americans move in search of jobs.

Farming that uses a large area of land with lower inputs of labor and capital.

Increased connection between cultures, economics, and politics over the world.

The view of culture through societal norms. Belief that one's own culture is superior.

A faith that attempts to be global and appeals to all people. Ex. Christianity, Buddhism, Islam, Sikhism

Seasonal movement of livestock-herding

The balance of human needs with preservation of resources for future generations.

The time it takes for a population to double in size.

5 stages that show shifts in the leading causes of death in population over time.

A political boundary defined by straight lines, many times based on lines of latitude and longitude. Ex. 49th parallel

The transfer of power from central government to lower levels - regional/local within a state.

Describes agricultural land use patterns around CBD based on cost of transportation.

Minimum number of people needed to support a business

A country-has defined boundaries, a permanent population, and a sovereign gov't recognized by others states.

A suburban area outside the traditional downtown with a concentration of businesses and services.

Modernization model - 5 stages