What device provides wireless access to a network?

Router with a Wireless Access Point

What characterises an embedded system?

System designed for specific control functions within a larger system.

How does optical storage, like CDs and DVDs, read data?

Laser beams interpreting pits and lands.

How does cache size influence CPU performance?

Larger cache speeds up data access, enhancing performance.

Why might cloud storage not be suitable for large files needing quick access?

Due to potential delays in downloading or uploading large files.

What limitation is associated with IPv4 addresses?

There aren't enough addresses for all devices.

How does the data bus contribute to system operations?

Carries actual data between the CPU & other components.

How does an optical mouse detect movement?

Analyse reflected images by shining light onto a surface.

In the Von Neumann architecture, what is stored together in the same memory?

Program instructions and the data the programs use.

How do 3D printers create objects?

By layering material to build objects from a digital model.

What primary function do scanners serve in digital imaging?

To convert physical documents & images into digital format.

What is the primary purpose of an instruction set in a CPU?

To define all possible instructions the CPU can execute.

How is virtual memory used in a computer?

To extend RAM onto the hard drive when RAM is full.

What does the Memory Data Register (MDR) do?

Holds the actual instruction or the data fetched from memory.

What is the primary function of input devices in a computer system?

Transfer data from the external world to the computer.

What are the two major components of the CPU?

Control Unit and Arithmetic Logic Unit

How do moisture sensors benefit agriculture?

By monitoring soil dampness to control irrigation.

What distinguishes RAM from ROM?

RAM is volatile; ROM is non-volatile.

What advantage do capacitive touchscreens have over resistive touchscreens?

They support multi-touch gestures

How do capacitive touchscreens detect user input?

Through changes in the electrical field caused by touch.

How do barcode scanners work?

Decode information by reading the visual pattern of bars & spaces.

What role does the control bus play in the CPU's operation?

Directs signals between CPU & components to coordinate operations.

What technology do LCD screens use to display images?

Liquid crystals to manipulate light

What is the function of the Accumulator (ACC) in the CPU?

Stores instruction results before transferring to memory.

What is the purpose of the Program Counter (PC) in the CPU?

Holds the address of the next instruction to execute.

What advantage does a multi-core CPU have over a single-core CPU?

Can execute multiple instructions simultaneously.

What role do proximity sensors play in automobiles?

They assist in safe parking by detecting nearby objects.

What is secondary storage primarily used for?

To provide permanent storage of data.

What is a key feature of QR codes scanned by smartphones?

They can contain links to websites or information.

What does storage redundancy in cloud storage imply?

Multiple copies of files are stored in different locations.

Which feature is unique to cloud storage compared to local storage?

Synchronisation of devices with the cloud storage.

What technology do resistive touchscreens use to detect touch?

Pressure sensitivity between layers completes a circuit.

How does increasing the CPU's clock speed affect its performance?

Increases the speed at which it processes instructions.

How is an IPv6 address structured?

As eight groups of four hexadecimal digits.

What is the function of a Network Interface Card (NIC) in a computer?

Connects the device to a network

What advantage do LED screens have over fluorescent-backlit LCD screens?

Sharper image and more vivid colours.

What is the primary purpose of output devices?

To convert data into a human-perceptible form.

How does DHCP contribute to network management?

Assigns IP addresses to devices

How does cloud storage offer advantages in terms of management?

Cloud storage provider manages storage with redundancy & scalability.

What is the role of RAM in a computer?

To store programs and data that are currently in use.

In assembly language, what are opcodes and operands used for?

Opcodes indicate instructions, operands are the data they work on.

How do DLP projectors create images?

Using micro-mirrors and a light source.

What is a unique feature of LED screens compared to LCD screens?

LED screens use light-emitting diodes for backlighting.

What is the primary purpose of a MAC address?

To uniquely identify network hardware devices.

What is the primary function of sensors in technology?

To measure physical properties from the environment.

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iGCSE Topic 3

83 termsStudBud Administration

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Questions 83

Answers

1
Which register holds the memory address of the current instruction or the data to be used?
Program Counter (PC).
Memory Address Register (MAR).
Accumulator (ACC).
Current Instruction Register (CIR).
2
What is stored in ROM?
Temporary user data and documents.
The bootstrap loader and BIOS.
Virtual memory files.
The operating system and all installed applications.
3
What is essential for a device like a tablet to connect to the Internet?
HDMI Cable
Network Interface Card (NIC)
Ethernet Cable
USB Port
4
What device provides wireless access to a network?
Modem
Router with a Wireless Access Point
Network Bridge
Switch
5
What characterises an embedded system?
It can run multiple operating systems.
System designed for specific control functions within a larger system.
A system that can be easily modified.
It is primarily used for data analysis.
6
How does optical storage, like CDs and DVDs, read data?
Magnetic fields.
Laser beams interpreting pits and lands.
Electrical impulses.
Physical contact with a read/write head.
7
How does cache size influence CPU performance?
Increases the need for external storage.
Larger cache speeds up data access, enhancing performance.
Larger cache size slows down the CPU.
Reduces the number of cores needed.
8
Which of the following is an example of an input device?
Speakers
Monitor
Printer
Keyboard
9
What are common types of secondary storage?
Cache and Registers.
RAM and ROM.
HDD, SSD, and Optical Disks.
CPU and GPU.
10
Why might cloud storage not be suitable for large files needing quick access?
Large files are automatically compressed.
Cloud services do not support large files.
Due to potential delays in downloading or uploading large files.
Cloud storage offers faster access than local storage.
11
What limitation is associated with IPv4 addresses?
They are only used in private networks.
There aren't enough addresses for all devices.
hey are too long to remember.
They support too many devices.
12
How does the data bus contribute to system operations?
Carries actual data between the CPU & other components.
Specifies the memory addresses for data storage.
Controls the fan speed inside the CPU.
Determines the clock speed of the CPU.
13
How does an optical mouse detect movement?
Using GPS to track its position.
By rolling a ball on a surface.
Through sound waves.
Analyse reflected images by shining light onto a surface.
14
In the Von Neumann architecture, what is stored together in the same memory?
The addresses of the next instructions.
Program instructions and the data the programs use.
The output data before it is sent to the output devices.
Only the data to be processed.
15
How do 3D printers create objects?
By burning images onto surfaces.
By layering material to build objects from a digital model.
Through high-speed impact printing.
Using inkjet technology on paper.
16
What primary function do scanners serve in digital imaging?
To display images on a screen.
To enhance the resolution of printed images.
To convert physical documents & images into digital format.
To store physical documents.
17
What is the primary purpose of an instruction set in a CPU?
To define all possible instructions the CPU can execute.
To increase the CPU's clock speed.
To enhance the graphical performance of the computer.
To manage the computer's operating system.
18
How is virtual memory used in a computer?
As the primary method of data storage.
To extend RAM onto the hard drive when RAM is full.
As a permanent storage for user data.
To increase the processing speed of the CPU.
19
Which of the following is an example of an embedded system in a car?
Cruise control.
The car's brand logo.
A paint job.
The type of fuel it uses.
20
What does the Memory Data Register (MDR) do?
Contains the address of the next instruction.
Holds the result of arithmetic operations.
Decodes the current instruction.
Holds the actual instruction or the data fetched from memory.
21
What is the primary function of input devices in a computer system?
To output data from the computer to the user.
To process data within the computer.
To store data for long-term retrieval.
Transfer data from the external world to the computer.
22
What are the two major components of the CPU?
Control Unit and Arithmetic Logic Unit
Cache and Registers.
Hard Drive and Motherboard.
RAM and ROM.
23
How do moisture sensors benefit agriculture?
By playing music to plants.
By changing the soil color.
By detecting pests in the soil.
By monitoring soil dampness to control irrigation.
24
What distinguishes RAM from ROM?
RAM is non-volatile; ROM is volatile.
RAM is used for external storage.
RAM is volatile; ROM is non-volatile.
ROM can store more data than RAM.
25
What advantage do capacitive touchscreens have over resistive touchscreens?
They can detect pressure levels.
They are cheaper to manufacture.
They support multi-touch gestures
They use less power.
26
How do capacitive touchscreens detect user input?
Through changes in the electrical field caused by touch.
By measuring temperature changes.
Using infrared beams.
By detecting pressure.
27
How do barcode scanners work?
Decode information by reading the visual pattern of bars & spaces.
By emitting a sound wave.
Through thermal imaging.
By capturing and analysing photographs.
28
What role does the control bus play in the CPU's operation?
It reduces power consumption by the CPU.
It stores data temporarily.
Directs signals between CPU & components to coordinate operations.
It increases the CPU's clock speed.
29
What technology do LCD screens use to display images?
Plasma cells.
Ink cartridges.
Liquid crystals to manipulate light
Mechanical shutters.
30
What is the function of the Accumulator (ACC) in the CPU?
Decodes the fetched instruction.
Stores instruction results before transferring to memory.
Stores the address of the next instruction.
Holds the memory address of the current instruction.
31
What is the purpose of the Program Counter (PC) in the CPU?
Holds the address of the next instruction to execute.
Accumulates results of arithmetic operations.
Holds the memory address of data.
Stores the current instruction being executed.
32
What advantage does a multi-core CPU have over a single-core CPU?
Only increases the system's boot time.
Can execute multiple instructions simultaneously.
Consumes less energy.
Decreases the CPU's clock speed.
33
What role do proximity sensors play in automobiles?
They play music when objects are near.
They control the vehicle's speed.
They change the oil.
They assist in safe parking by detecting nearby objects.
34
What is secondary storage primarily used for?
To store data only while the computer is powered on.
To provide permanent storage of data.
To temporarily store data for processing.
To enhance the processing speed of the CPU.
35
What is a key feature of QR codes scanned by smartphones?
They are only readable by laser scanners.
They require a physical connection to be read.
They can contain links to websites or information.
They can only store numeric data.
36
What does storage redundancy in cloud storage imply?
Files are stored without backup.
A single copy of files is stored.
Multiple copies of files are stored in different locations.
Files are temporarily stored.
37
Which feature is unique to cloud storage compared to local storage?
Data is stored on internal hard drives.
A lack of data redundancy.
Limited access to stored data.
Synchronisation of devices with the cloud storage.
38
What technology do resistive touchscreens use to detect touch?
Sound waves.
Heat sensitivity.
Pressure sensitivity between layers completes a circuit.
Magnetic fields.
39
How does increasing the CPU's clock speed affect its performance?
Increases the data storage capacity.
Decreases power consumption.
Increases the speed at which it processes instructions.
Reduces the overall system performance.
40
How is an IPv6 address structured?
Using dots to separate each octet.
As a single long number.
As eight groups of four hexadecimal digits.
In binary form.
41
What is the function of a Network Interface Card (NIC) in a computer?
Connects the device to a network
Amplifies the signal strength.
Stores data for short-term access.
Converts digital signals to analog.
42
What advantage do LED screens have over fluorescent-backlit LCD screens?
They use more power.
They are heavier and larger.
Sharper image and more vivid colours.
LED screens have a shorter lifespan.
43
What is the primary purpose of output devices?
To enhance the computational speed of a computer.
To input data into a computer.
To convert data into a human-perceptible form.
To store data for future use.
44
How does DHCP contribute to network management?
Assigns IP addresses to devices
Filters harmful data packets.
Manages the storage of files.
Encrypts network traffic.
45
How does cloud storage offer advantages in terms of management?
Decreases storage availability over time.
Requires frequent manual updates by the user.
Cloud storage provider manages storage with redundancy & scalability.
Users must manage and maintain the storage hardware.
46
What is the role of RAM in a computer?
To store the computer's BIOS settings.
To store programs and data that are currently in use.
To act as external storage.
To permanently store system firmware.
47
In assembly language, what are opcodes and operands used for?
To define the CPU's architecture.
Opcodes indicate instructions, operands are the data they work on.
To cool the CPU.
To increase data storage.
48
How do DLP projectors create images?
Using liquid crystals.
Through laser etching.
By burning images onto a screen.
Using micro-mirrors and a light source.
49
What is a unique feature of LED screens compared to LCD screens?
LED screens can only display black and white images.
LED screens do not use electricity.
LED screens use light-emitting diodes for backlighting.
LED screens are primarily used for text display.
50
What is the primary purpose of a MAC address?
To allocate dynamic IP addresses.
To uniquely identify network hardware devices.
To provide a physical address for the device manufacturer.
To encrypt data transmissions.
51
What is the primary function of sensors in technology?
To increase device storage capacity.
To measure physical properties from the environment.
To improve device aesthetics.
To enhance device battery life.
52
How do multiple cores within a CPU affect its ability to perform tasks?
Limit the CPU to single-task operations.
Decrease the efficiency of cache memory.
Enable parallel processing, improving efficiency with multiple tasks.
They reduce the overall clock speed.
53
What does the first half of a MAC address represent?
The device's location code.
The device serial number.
The manufacturer's identification number.
The network configuration settings.
54
How do infrared sensors contribute to home security systems?
By increasing Wi-Fi signals.
By painting walls.
By detecting motion through heat signatures.
By cooling the environment.
55
Why is virtual memory considered slower than RAM?
It uses a more complex encryption method.
Virtual memory is not slower; it's faster than RAM.
It relies on the hard drive, which is slower than RAM.
It has a faster data transfer rate.
56
What is the function of the address bus in a computer system?
Carries data between the CPU and RAM.
Transfers control signals.
Specifies memory locations (addresses) for data transfer.
Supplies power to the CPU.
57
How are MAC addresses represented?
As hexadecimal digits
As binary numbers.
As decimal numbers.
As simple numeric sequences.
58
What advantage does piezoelectric crystal technology offer in inkjet printers?
It is cheaper to manufacture.
It uses thermal inkjet technology.
It produces larger ink droplets for faster printing.
It allows very precise control of ink droplet size.
59
What advantage does a 3D scanner offer over traditional imaging devices?
Enables converting physical objects into 3D digital models.
It can print images.
It is more compact and portable.
It uses less power.
60
What directly impacts a CPU's performance?
Colour depth of the monitor.
Size of the hard drive.
Clock speed, number of cores, cache size.
Sound card quality.
61
How does a thermal bubble inkjet printer work?
Heating ink to create a bubble propels ink onto the paper.
Using static electricity to draw ink out.
Applying pressure to the ink cartridge.
Vibrating to push ink through nozzles.
62
What distinguishes 3D scanners from 2D scanners?
There is no difference; both terms are interchangeable.
2D scanners can capture depth information.
3D scanners are used exclusively for document scanning.
3D scanners capture object shape & dimensions for digital modeling.
63
How do embedded systems differ from general-purpose computers?
They allow for extensive software installations.
They are primarily used for data storage.
They have higher CPU speeds.
Designed for specific tasks, unable to install new software.
64
What role does the Control Unit (CU) play in the CPU?
Stores temporary arithmetic and logic results.
Holds the address of the next instruction.
Coordinates & controls the activities within the CPU.
Performs arithmetic and logic operations.
65
What are the main types of technologies used in inkjet printers?
3D printing and digital.
Dot matrix and screen printing.
Thermal bubble and piezoelectric crystal
Laser and thermal.
66
The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) is responsible for which operations?
Coordinating CPU activities.
Performing arithmetic operations & logical operations.
Storing program instructions.
Holding the address of the next instruction.
67
How do digital cameras capture images?
By scanning documents.
Through inkjet printing techniques.
By projecting images onto surfaces.
By converting light into digital signals using a sensor.
68
What sets laser printers apart from inkjet printers?
They are primarily used for 3D printing.
They use toner and static electricity to transfer images to paper.
They print using wet ink.
They utilize screen printing technology.
69
Which of these is an example of an output device?
Mouse
Monitor
Scanner
Keyboard
70
In what way do QR codes enhance user experience compared to traditional barcodes?
They are less secure.
They can only be printed on paper.
Store more data and easily scanned with mobile devices.
They are more expensive to produce.
71
What role do actuators play in output devices?
They move or control mechanisms or systems.
They store data for output devices.
They process digital data.
They cool down output devices.
72
How do speakers convert digital data into sound?
Using solid-state drives.
Through cloud processing.
Through a Digital-to-Analog Converter & an amplifier.
By directly interpreting binary code.
73
What language do CPUs use to execute instructions?
Machine code or assembly language.
High-level programming languages.
Python.
Java.
74
How does magnetic storage, such as HDDs, store data?
By storing data in integrated circuits.
Using pits and lands on a disc surface.
Through magnetic encoding on platters.
By altering the state of liquid crystals.
75
What is a primary concern with cloud storage privacy?
Data is always public.
Local storage is inherently less secure.
User encryption is not possible.
External company manages control over data security.
76
How do IP addresses function in a network?
Reduce data packet size.
Encrypt data packets.
Increase data transfer speed.
Identify devices uniquely on a network
77
What best defines cloud storage?
A physical storage device located on-premises.
Company-provided remote storage accessed over the Internet.
The use of USB drives for data storage.
A method of storing data on local servers only.
78
Which of the following is a characteristic of secondary storage?
Volatility.
Limited storage capacity.
Direct access by the CPU.
Non-volatility.
79
What advantage do SSDs have over HDDs?
Cheaper cost per gigabyte.
Lower storage capacity.
More moving parts.
Faster read/write speeds.
80
How do data packets navigate through a network?
By following a single, predetermined path.
By remaining static in the network.
They may take different routes through the network
Through direct line-of-sight transmission.
81
What type of IP address changes each time a device connects to the internet?
Dynamic IP address.
Static IP address.
MAC address.
Local IP address.
82
What are the advantages of IPv6 over IPv4?
Smaller address space.
Increased address space and improved security.
Compatibility with older hardware.
Easier to remember addresses.
83
What is one function of the modem in a home network?
Provides additional RAM.
Serves as a backup storage.
Connects the local network to the internet
Acts as a firewall.

iGCSE Topic 3 Flashcards | StudBud