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Nutrition 3 ch 7, 8, 9 Flashcards | StudBud
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Nutrition 3 ch 7, 8, 9
Nutrition 3 ch 7, 8, 9
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1
Women of child bearing age should consume adequate amounts of ?
pyridoxine
vitamin E.
vitamin B12.
folic acid.
2
what is the best way to increase muscle mass?
high protein intake.
exercise
amino acid supplements.
low fat intake.
3
loosing weight at the end of an athletic event from sweat, the performance would be:
improved
unpredictable
impaired
unaffected
4
to minimize lead exposure in an old home would be to:
use only bottled water
boil the tap water for 2 minutes before using it.
use only hot water for drinking, cooking, and preparing food.
run the tap water for 2 minutes before using it.
5
How can you ensure a variety of phytochemicals?
3 servings of dairy products daily & use a variety of herbs and spices
take a daily multivitamin supplement that includes phytochemicals.
choose whole grains & at least 5 servings of fruits & vegetables daily.
increase intake of soy-based foods, such as soy milk, tofu, and soy flour
6
What does long-term dietary calcium intake has the greatest effect on
body temperature.
bone calcium levels.
muscular strength.
blood calcium levels.
7
The most accurate way to measure body fat levels is to use
bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA).
body mass index (BMI).
triceps skinfold thickness.
underwater weighing (densitometry).
8
What lifestyle change can help prevent the development of osteoporosis?
reducing intake of animal protein
reducing intake of whole grains.
eating a piece of fruit with lunch every day.
taking a 30-minute walk most days.
9
Deficiancy of iodine may result in:
lower levels of potassium
extreman excitabiity of musle tissues
Sluggishness, weight gain
increase levels of potassium
10
A husband who blames his high blood pressure on his wife’s preference for salty foods is an example of
reframing
projection
chaining
denial
11
who is most likely to develop rickets?
Asian college student who does not drink milk.
9-month-old breastfed African American baby.
elderly frail adult who lives alone.
white toddler who has been weaned from breast milk.
12
For a woman, the total body fat level that is considered healthy is:
15-20%
3-8%
12-14%
25-30%
13
Some choline can be synthesized by the body from
tryptophan
cholesterol
methionine.
glycerol.
14
Foods rich in antioxidant vitamins include
mushrooms and milk.
carrots and olive oil.
apples and butter.
oranges and vegetable oils.
15
According to set point theory, if weight falls below the level perceived to be appropriate, the individual will
experience a greater desire for high-fat foods.
experience an overall increase in hunger drive.
develop a new, lower set point for body weight.
decrease his or her physical activity level until weight is regained.
16
It would be most difficult for the body to maintain homeostasis if over several days someone had an inadequate intake of
sodium.
calcium
iron
fluoride
17
What is the most likely cause of vitamin toxicity?
long-term use of megadose supplements
high intake of nutrient-dense foods.
high intake of fortified foods.
increased absorption as a result of medications.
18
What should be avoided to maximize the absorption of calcium?
orange juice
milk.
tea
bottled water
19
What is insensible fluid loss?
fluid losses from the skin and lungs
fluid losses from metabolizism of energy
fluid losses from muscle mass lost
fluid losses from sweating
20
What is the most important fact when setting behvioral goals?
a willingness to exercise
habits and preferences.
the amount of weight loss desired.
the skill of the ANP
21
who would most like to get scurvy?
someone who lives in a farming community in Florida.
someone who lives in a city in central California.
someone who lives in a remote village in northern Minnesota
someone who lives in a fishing community on the coast of Maine.
22
Which food has the least amount of sodium
corn on the cob
buttered popcorn.
corn tortilla
cornbread
23
blindness caused by vitamin A deficiency is best described:
permanent but preventable.
temporary and treatable.
limited to night blindness.
infectious and often fatal.
24
after extensive exercise greater then 4 hours where would energy be obtained from:
glycogen
glucose
amino acids.
fatty acids
25
Foods that are good sources of preformed vitamin A include
sweet potatoes.
egg yolk.
carrots
tomatoes.
26
which vitamin will develop a deficiency more rapidly when a patient has a low intake of that vitamin?
C
D
A
E
27
minerals in plant foods:
often contain inactive forms of minerals
contain phytates, oxalates, and binders that reduce bioavailability.
varies widely, depending on growing conditions.
require cooking or processing to make minerals bioavailable.
28
what is the best way to relean to pay attention to hunger and satiety cues:
eat all food at home.
keep a journal of perceived emotions.
establish a regular pattern of meals.
avoid eating until your very hungry.
29
whos more at risk for inadequate vitamin C intake?
someone who follows a vegan diet
someone who is a cigarette smoker
someone who is regularly exposed to sunlight
someone who drinks milk
30
to help preserve lean body mass:
avoiding weight loss.
ensuring adequate protein intake.
exercising regularly.
decreasing dietary fat intake.
31
what does ergogenic aid mean?
dietary/drug regimen that is believed to increase strength/power/endurance
vitamins & mineral
increase fat intake
lowering cholesterol
32
What are the level of total body fat considered to be healthy for a man:
25-30%
15-20%
3-8%
12-14%
33
Your 85 y/o client develops delusions & hallucinations, it's important to check blood levels of?
thiamin
vitamin B12.
intrinsic factor.
folic acid.
34
the kilocalories intake is consered appropriate if an athlete:
consumes at least 1800 kcal per day.
does not experience hunger between workouts.
maintains a low percentage of body fat.
maintains a competitive and healthy weight.
35
The fuel for all body processes that traps energy released from food is
adenosine triphosphate.
acetyl coenzyme A.
glucose-6-phosphate.
electrons
36
What is bioavailiability?
amount of a mineral that is excreted by the body.
amount of a mineral that can be absorbed by the body from a food
ratio of free mineral to bound mineral in a food.
total amount of a mineral in a food.
37
example of living in an obesogenic environment is
when recommended not to exercise during recovery from surgery
being a former high school athlete who now works in a sedentary job.
working for an employer who gives free membership at a health club.
when children cannot go outside to play due to where they live
38
what effect will dehydration most likely have:
in nerve impulse conduction.
in body temperature regulation
in the storage of excess energy.
in the digestion of food.
39
What's the best way to prepare vegetables to have the highest vitamin C intake?
stir-fried
boiled
canned
oven roasted.
40
A woman's waist is 38 inches/hips 40 inches, her waist to hip ration is considered _____ risk for chronic diseases
associated with a high
no difference to chronic diseases
unrelated to
associated with a low
41
what is the first sign you body needs water?
skin turgor greater than 5 seconds
dark, concentrated urine.
the sensation of thirst.
headache
42
What will help decrease high blood pressure levels beside decrease in sodium intake?
increasing intake of calcium and potassium
replacing saturated fats with polyunsaturated fats.
decreasing intake of dairy products.
increasing intake of vegetable protein.
43
Of the foods listed which is a good source of chromium?
grapes
cauliflower
oatmeal
pasta
44
Which meal is an example of high-folate?
fish, French fries, and coleslaw.
spinach salad with orange segments
oatmeal with brown sugar and raisins.
pork chops with applesauce.
45
who is most likely to benefit from a multivitamin or mineral supplement with 100% DRI
gymnast
bodybuilder
swimmer
football player.
46
If a patient exhibits confusion, memory loss and ataxia what would make you think he might have a thiamin deficiency
patients had a stroke
he only eats mainly rice and beans
patient is an alcoholic
patient has Alzheimer's disease
47
A food with high levels of phosphorus is:
carrots
cheese
bananas
rice
48
Why are young women required more dietary iron then young men
they have lower muscle mass
they absorb iron
that they recycle hemoglobin more rapidly.
to replace blood losses during menstruation
49
Why do most Americans use vitamin supplements?
it is cheaper than consuming an adequate diet.
this practice is necessary for good health.
supplements taste better than food.
it is easier than making dietary and behavioral modifications
50
Wilson’s disease is an inherited disorder that causes excessive accumulation of
zinc
copper
iron
chromium
51
a beverage that may have a demonstrated ergogenic effect is
ginseng tea.
beer
milk.
coffee.
52
who would have the highest need for thiamin?
an older adult who walks 2 miles daily.
weight lifter
pregnant woman
a professional cyclist.
53
Why is dietary fluoride important?
decreasing staining of teeth.
increasing the strength of tooth enamel.
stimulating production of saliva
decreasing sensitivity of teeth.
54
What is most likely to cause hemosiderosis?
man who drinks five or more alcoholic beverages every night.
adolescent who drinks four or more soft drinks daily.
pregnant woman who takes iron supplements.
toddler who prefers drinking milk to eating meals.
55
The most effective way to increase energy expenditure is to
increase the duration and intensity of daily activities.
eat foods that require more energy for digestion, absorption
ift weights to increase lean body mass
use thyroid hormones to increase basal metabolic rate.
56
The tolerated upper intake level for sodium for healthy middle age adults is:
1300mg
3300mg
2300mg
3500mg
57
The duration of physical activity needed to maintain physical fitness depends on the
intensity of the activity.
time of day.
ambient temperature.
flexibility of the individual.
58
Which food(s) listed have the most easily absorbed form of iron?
tomatoes cooked in an iron skillet.
collard greens cooked with bacon.
grilled pork chop
spinach salad with strawberries.
59
Anemia associated with folate deficiency is?
iron deficiency
megaloblastic
Sickle cell
pernicious
60
How could you prevent zinc deficiengy in a country whos main source of bread is unleavened?
eating fortified grains
eating bread in which grains were soaked before being baked
eating breads with yeast
eating refined grains
61
who's more at risk for vitamin K deficiency?
someone who struggles with alcoholism.
someone who has limited skin exposure to sunlight.
someone who does not produce intrinsic factor.
someone who uses antibiotics for several month
62
What's the best way to ensure adequate intake of vitamins?
use a daily multivitamin supplement.
eat a variety of foods from all of the food groups.
increase fortification of key foods in the food supply.
target specific supplements for specific subgroups of the population.
63
When would secondary magnesium deficiency most likely occur:
in areas where access to fresh fruits and vegetables is limited.
in areas where access to fresh fruits and vegetables is limited.
in clients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
in association with excessive vomiting and diarrhea
64
Athletes who exercise regularly are able to exercise for longer, due to their body is able to use more energy from
protein
carbohydrates
amino acids
fat
65
With a family history of ______ & ______ it would be best to avoid becoming obese
sleep apnea and osteoarthritis.
osteoporosis and sarcopenia (muscle wasting).
multiple sclerosis and celiac disease.
alcoholism and liver cancer.
66
Having a water softener would be a concern for whom?
an elderly woman with osteoporosis.
a pregnant woman.
a full-time student who also works part-time.
a retired man with hypertension.
67
If you ran a marathon/sweated profusely/drank only water with some sugar, your body would increase secretions of what?
adrenaline
alanine
antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
aldosterone.
68
severe deficiencies of iodine during pregancy can cause:
temporary physical retardation
cretinism of the fetus
goiter
enlargement of the thyroid gland
69
Who is more at risk for vitamin deficiencies?
85 y/o male living alone
breastfed newborn
24 y/o female living with roomates
45 y/o half marathon runner
70
In the US what is our most reliable cource of iodine?
seafood.
dairy products.
fortified table salt.
sea salt
71
A meal with high levels of vitamin K is:
bacon, lettuce, and tomato sandwich.
eggs, bacon, and hash browns.
stir-fried beef with broccoli.
grilled shrimp with rice and green beans.
72
the person who would be expected to have the highest energy expenditure is a
woman who works as a nurse in a clinic.
man who works 60 hours a week at a high-stress job.
man who cycles to work every day and plays on sports teams on the weekend
woman who works as a personal trainer at a health club.
73
Why does the adequate intake for vitamin D is increased an older adults?
their ability to absorb dietary vitamin D is diminished.
o maintain bone health.
their skin is less efficient in synthesizing vitamin D during sun exposure
conversion of vitamin D to its active forms is less efficient.
74
What amino acid can manufacture niacin in the body?
arginine
alanine
phenylalanine.
tryptophan.
75
what would you check for muscle weakness, confusion decreased appetite and irregular heart beat?
blood levels of sodium.
blood levels of calcium
blood levels of magnesium
blood levels of potassium
76
If the main foods are corn and animal protein is very limited what has a high risk of developing?
pellagra.
scurvy.
spina bifida.
pernicious anemia.
77
what food would be a good source of calcium for a strict vegan?
coconut milk.
skim milk.
a bean burrito.
pasta salad.
78
If your 85 year old mother who is usually very alert is now disorientated what might this be a sign of?
Alzheimer's
dehydration.
malnutrition
edema
79
what is the best way to measure fluid loss during a workout?
change in body temperature.
volume of urine production.
the amount needed to satisfy thirst.
loss of body weight.
80
Why would someone need regular injections of vitamin B 12?
they are an alcoholic
they have malabsorption syndrome
their stomach does not produce intrinsic factor
they are following a vegan eating pattern
81
To lose a pound of body fat in a week, daily energy expenditure would have to increase by approximately _____ kcal
350
1000
700
500
82
87 y/o lives alone, has limited income has edema, the need to evaluate their diet intake of sodium and what?
protein
family history of dementia and Alzheimer's
calcium
potassium
83
If blood calcium levels are to high what can occur?
depletion of iodine
calcium tetany
calcium rigor
spasms caused by muscle and nerve excitability
84
How will extra protein consumed be stored as:
protein in muscles.
amino acids in the liver.
triglycerides in adipocytes.
glycogen in muscles.
85
Where will you find interstitial fluids?
within the cells.
between the cells
in the bloodstream
outside the cells.
86
Which foods are an example of a meal high in biotin?
cheese-and-tomato sandwich.
roast beef and mustard sandwich.
vegetarian sandwich with avocado and alfalfa sprouts.
peanut butter and jelly sandwich.
87
Why is milk stored in opaque containers and not with glass front refrigerators?
the ultraviolet light exposure may destroy the riboflavin.
the ultraviolet light exposure may destroy the vitamin D.
milk fat may separate and rise to the top of the bottle
some of the protein in the milk may become denatured.
88
When running to help someone who needs help, the energy is coming from:
glycogen via anaerobic glycolysis.
fatty acids via adrenaline release.
glucose and amino acids via aerobic pathways.
fatty acids and glycerol via oxidative phosphorylation.
89
whats a good food for replacing glycogen stores?
raw carrots.
breakfast cereal.
string cheese.
scrambled eggs.
90
What body shapes would affect a man loosing twice as much weight as a woman who are participating in the same regime?
the male had a higher level of fitness
the female has a gynoid shape, and the male has an android shape
the woman is not following the food plan as carefully as the man is.
the male is exercising more than the female at other times during the day.
91
What is the fluid intake considered if the person drinks: 1 cup coffee, 1 cup juice, 6 cups water and 1 cup tea?
optimal.
too high.
dangerously low.
below optimal.
92
If a women is underweight and a low body fat what would you need to ask?
are other family members are underweight.
is she menstruates regularly
weight lost recently
does she has a normal appetite.
93
To increase riboflavin what foods would be beneficial?
drinking orange juice
cereal with skim milk for breakfast instead of toast and juice
andwiches with whole grain bread instead of white bread
spinach salad.
94
when might sports drinks be more beneficial then water?
running for at least 2 hours, 4 days a week
taking a 1-hour aerobics class 5 days a week.
when experiencing hunger during workouts.
when exercising in cold weather.
