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APES Review
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Answers
1
What is the purpose of Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
Maximize yield
Minimize pesticide use
Promote GMOs
Eradicate pests
2
Why are island species more vulnerable to extinction?
They have high genetic diversity
They are all predators
They have limited ranges
They reproduce quickly
3
What is the role of decomposers in ecosystems?
Store carbon
Break down matter and recycle nutrients
Fix nitrogen
Absorb energy
4
What happens to coral reefs when bleaching occurs?
Corals permendantly turn black from oil accumulation
Corals become more colorful due to algae overgrowth
Corals expel the algae, losing color and energy sources
Corals grow faster due to increased sunlight
5
What does the ecological footprint measure?
Resource use per person
Birth rates
Carbon emissions
Deforestation
6
What is carrying capacity?
Maximum sustainable population
Land area used by a species
Total births per year
Population density
7
What curve represents logistic population growth?
Linear
J-Curve
Bell curve
S-curve
8
Which biome is dominated by permafrost?
Desert
Tundra
Grassland
Taiga
9
Which activity leads to the introduction of invasive species?
Composting
Monoculture
Selective breeding
Global trade and travel
10
What is the correct order of the 3 R's to help the environment?
Recycle, Reuse, Reduce
Reuse, Reduce, Recycle
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
Recycle, Reduce, Reuse
11
Which of the following is an ecosystem service?
Deforestation
Pollination
Ocean acidification
Ozone depletion
12
Which water law requires safe drinking water standards?
NEPA
Safe Drinking Water Act
Clean Water Act
CERCLA
13
What is sustainability?
Using up natural resources
Meeting needs without harming the future
Maximizing consumption
Growing only cash crops
14
Which gas is most responsible for global warming?
Carbon monoxide
Carbon dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Methane
15
What does HIPPCO identify?
Soil types
Threats to biodiversity
Wildlife corridors
Climate zones
16
How does mercury end up in fish?
Evaporation
Osmosis
Respiration
Bioaccumulation
17
What are two effects of deforestation?
Flooding and volcanoes
Ozone formation and nitrogen fixation
Soil formation and crop growth
Soil erosion and biodiversity loss
18
What does the ozone layer protect us from?
Infrared rays
UV radiation
Acid rain
CO2
19
Which is a nonrenewable energy resource?
Wind
Coal
Hydropower
Solar
20
What is a wildlife corridor?
A protected wetland
A dam for fish
A land bridge connecting habitats
A hunting zone
21
What is the Global Warming Potential (GWP) of carbon dioxide?
100
10
1
25
22
What is the primary cause of ozone layer depletion in the stratosphere?
Methane from agriculture
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Carbon dioxide emissions
Sulfur dioxide from coal burning
23
What is a nonpoint source of water pollution?
Runoff from farmland
Factory smokestack
Pipe discharge
Sewage plant
24
Which describes r-selected species?
Many offspring, little care
Few offspring, high parental care
Long lifespan, low competition
Low reproductive rate
25
Which species is most at risk from habitat fragmentation?
Herbivores
Fungi
Large predators
Insects
26
What law explains energy is lost as heat in food chains?
Law of Conservation
Newton's Third Law
First Law of Thermodynamics
Second Law of Thermodynamics
27
What causes photochemical smog?
SO2 and particulates
CO2 emissions
VOCs and NOx + Sunlight
Acid rain
28
Which biome has the lowest precipitation?
Savanna
Temperate
Tundra
Desert
29
What causes ocean acidification?
Decreased ocean salinity from melting ice
Runoff of acidic waste into the ocean
Absorption of excess carbon dioxide by ocean water
Oil spills reducing oxygen levels in water
30
Which energy source emits the most CO
2
per unit energy?
Solar
Oil
Coal
Natural gas
31
How does irrigation cause salinization?
It causes erosion
It leaches nutrients
It leaves salt behind after evaporation
It adds too much water
32
Which soil horizon contains the most organic matter?
C
O
A
B
33
What is an example of sustainable farming?
Overgrazing
Crop rotation
Tilling
Slash-and-burn
34
What is the purpose of the Clean Water Act?
Ban plastic
Regulate pollutants in water
Manage oil drilling
Protect air quality
35
Which technique reduces soil erosion?
Clear cutting
Burning fields
Contour plowing
Tilling
36
Why are invasive species often harmful to native ecosystems?
They always form mutualistic relationships with native species
They outcompete native species for resources
They only survive in isolated environments and pose no threat
They improve biodiversity by introducing new genes
37
Which factor typically causes population decline in developing countries?
Farming
Pollution
Access to education and healthcare
Climate
38
What is the main goal of environmental justice?
Increase development
Equal protection from environmental harm
Protect wildlife
Reduce emissions
39
What type of biodiversity refers to the number of species?
Genetic
Species
Population
Ecosystem
40
Which law protects endangered species?
Endangered Species Act
CERCLA
Clean Air Act
NEPA
41
Which gas has the highest global warming potential (GWS)?
Nitrous oxide
Methane
CO2
CFCs
42
How can we reduce solid waste?
Export and landfill
Compost and fertilize
Reduce and reuse
Burn and bury
43
What is eutrophication caused by?
Thermal pollution
Nutrient pollution
Oil pollution
Sedimentation
44
What process turns solar energy into glucose in producers?
Decomposition
Respiration
Photosynthesis
Transpiration
45
Which two main processes are responsible for current sea level rise?
Melting sea ice and volcanic activity
Thermal expansion and melting land-based ice sheets
Groundwater extraction and tectonic uplift
Increased rainfall and ocean evaporation
46
Which method of waste disposal produces methane?
Incineration
Recycling
Landfilling
Composting
47
What does a narrow base in an age structure diagram indicate?
High infact mortality
A declining birth rate
Stable growth
A growing population
48
What does CERCLA do?
Bans deforestation
Regulates emissions
Protects oceans
Cleans hazardous waste sites
49
What organisms feed at multiple trophic levels?
Detritivores
Omnivores
Carnivores
Herbivores
50
What is leachate?
Oil spill residue
Solid waste
Recycled runoff
Liquid from landfills
51
What is the greenhouse effect?
Albedo increase
Ozone depletion
Solar flares
Trapping of heat by atmospheric gases
52
Which boundary forms mountains?
Passive
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
53
Most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere?
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Methane
CO2
54
A pyramid-shaped age diagram shows what?
A growing population
A stable population
An aging population
A declining population
55
Which is a renewable resource?
Timber
Coal
Natural gas
Uranium
