Prof. Treat Unit 1 Exam Review

Most entropy is lost in the form of ______.

Occurs when an enzyme uses an H₂O molecule to cut a molecule in half

any 2 chemically bonded atoms

When a molecule attaches to a site other than the 'active site' on an enzyme to change the shape and inhibit the func.

What is the major determining factor for one 'element' vs. another?

__ elements occur naturally on Earth; __ are essential for life; but only __ make up 98% of the mass of most organisms

which of the following IS NOT a characteristic used to define life

Useless energy which is lost during chemical reactions; causes an increase in disorder in the universe

Energy used for endergonic reactions is obtained by harnessing the energy released from exergonic reactions

The loss of an electron

When a molecule uses a membrane protein to travel down a conc. gradient

The 'end-product' for a metabolic pathway is always a self-inhibiting molecule

what are the base pairings for RNA?

isotopes radioactively decay at a unique and predictable rate known as ________.

biology concerned with understanding the specific evolutionary history of organisms from a common ancestor

Movement from areas of High Concentration to areas of Low Concentration until 'equilibrium' is reached

Which IS NOT considered a Domain?

Ions which have gained an extra electron are referred to as 'cations'

Reactions with -ΔG that decrease atomic order (AKA increase entropy)

We breakdown glucose and build it back up into a super-high energy molecule called ______.

how many electrons are in the 'valence shell' of Phosphorus (Atomic Number is 15)?

REDOX is a combination of what 2 words?

What are the 2 things a sound hypothesis must be:

As energy gets transferred from one organism to the next, the energy levels increase

The breaking of 'bonds' releases energy

What organelle performs photosynthesis?

the _____ is what is being dissolved; the _____ does the dissolving; and the _____ refers to the homogenous mixture

membrane proteins that use redox reactions to pump protons from one side of the membrane to another

protons + neutrons = ?

'Diffusion' of H₂O molecules across a selectively permeable membrane

_____ are the polymers of carbohydrates; and ______ are the polymers of proteins

ICE and the GREENHOUSE EFFECT both keep all the water on earth from freezing

the tail on a phospholipid is kinked when it IS SATURATED (w/ carbon obvi.)

Enzymes are ______ (increase the rate of chemical reactions w/o changing itself permanently)

the systematic study of the physical and natural world through direct observation and experimentation

Saying exergonic reactions are "spontaneous" is not entirely true because...

which of the following IS NOT a way that enzymes lower the E_A Barrier?

what type of bond is formed from atoms with very similar electronegativity levels?

Choose the Dependant Variable from the rotavirus vaccine experiment

As a scientist, it is important to be wary of biases, pseudoscience, myths, and manipulation via misleading headlines

utilized to maintain a stable pH in blood

The sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a cell/organism

this type of bond occurs when one atom "steals" an electron from another

Energy due to an object being in motion

DNA is an example of a ______; and enzymes are an example of a ______.

what IS NOT a step in the scientific method?

As H₂O goes from solid, to liquid, to gas... Entropy sharply ______.

"ENERGY cannot be CREATED or DESTROYED, it just changes forms"

Plant Cells prefer a ______ environment; while Animal Cells prefer a ______ environment

What is the optimal pH range for our cells; what would numbers below this range be considered?

The ULTIMATE SOURCE for Earth's 'biological' energy

the darkly stained region containing DNA inside prokaryotes is called the NUCLEUS

If ΔG > 0...

in taxonomy: a CLASS is more inclusive than a FAMILY

the practical application of scientific knowledge and provides tools for scientific inquiry and advancement

To use the potential energy stored in ATP, we must hydrolyze a _______. Which makes it into ADP.