stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
HIST 1301 End of term Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
HIST 1301 End of term
HIST 1301 End of term
114 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
452 plays
history of science and technology
Flashcards
114 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
114
Answers
1
This frontispiece to Spratt's History of the Royal Society depicts Brouckner, Charles II and:
Robert Boyle
Robert Hooke
Francis Bacon
Isaac Newton
2
This is an illustration of:
Clinomania
Pteridomania
Bibliomania
Polkamania
3
According to Aristotle which classification of animal belonged highest on the hierarchy?
crustacea
viviparous quadrupeds
testacea
oviparous quadrupeds
4
Galileo's drawings of the moon were revolutionary because:
There was a face on the moon
he moon was bigger than previously thought
It demonstrated the perfection of the cosmos
The moon was not a perfect sphere
5
This Englishman published the Novum (New) Organum in 1620
Francis Bacon
Robert Boyle
Roger Bacon
Isaac Newton
6
A Cosmogony seeks to
Pass on history
Explain the basic laws of physics
Explain the origins of the universe
Understand how the universe works
7
The medieval Trivium (pictured here) consisted of which of the following:
Mathematics, Astronomy, Geometry
Medicine, Law, Theology
Writing, Reading, Arithmetic
Grammar, Rhetoric, Logic
8
This French thinker tried to replace Aristotelianism with his own system.
Voltaire
Rene Descartes
Andreas Vesalius
Francois Poulain
9
Did Plato believe that you could trust your senses?
Only some of them
No
Yes
10
Who discovered the neutron in 1932?
Wilkins
Rutherford
Thomson
Chadwick
11
Who wrote
The Principia
?
Lamarck
Voltaire
Bacon
Newton
12
Which of the following cannot be transmuted into the others?
Earth
Water
Fire
Air
13
Alvin M. Weinberg: "When history looks at the 20th century, she will see _ and _ as its theme;"
Advancements and Discoveries
Science and Technology
Atoms and Genes
War and Medicine
14
Romantic who believed Newton had been deceived by Machines & proposed a new theory of colour
Blake
Goethe
Shelley
Paley
15
_________ believed nature to be intrinsic, while ___________ believed it to extrinsic.
Plato, Pre-Socratics
Pre-Socratics, Plato
16
Early manufactories (factories) had to be located near what?
train tracks
towns
water
mines
17
Why did European Alchemists refer to Aristotle's
Meteorology
?
Aristotle proposed how metal formed and they wanted to copy
They believed Aristotle was the greatest alchemist
It had recipes to transmute metals into greater metals
It promised gold and glory
18
ibn Sina (Avicenna) author of
The Canon of Medicine
said this element was
prime matter
.
Hydrogen
Gold
Salt
Mercury
19
Lamarck's theory of evolution is called:
Spontaneous generation
Acquired traits
Orthogenisis
20
This inventor improved the Savery engine using atmospheric pressure to drive a piston downward
George Stephenson
James Watt
Richard Trevithick
Thomas Newcomen
21
According to Aristotle's theory of Levity fire will always ____
Move away from the centre of the universe
Move toward the sun
Move toward the centre of the universe
22
Fully Alphabetic Languages were developed by _____ and widely in use by ______
800 BCE & 500 BCE
1500 BCE & 800 BCE
3000 BCE & 2000BCE
100 BCE & 200 CE
23
According to Goethe
Morphology
is the study of:
power rangers
forms
changes
spirit
24
The Aristotelian Universe was:
geocentric
heliostatic
heliocentric
25
What is the motto of the Enlightenment?
Take Nobody's Word for It
Trust No One
Dare to Know
Look for Evidence
26
What is a cathode tube?
Used be Einstein to demonstrate his theory of relativity.
A tube with a partial vacuum with electrodes at each end.
None of these
Tube to contain radioactive elements so as to be safe
27
Which if these would NOT be considered one of Aristotle's "bloodless" animals?
crab
sea anemone
dragonfly
shark
28
These illustrations are from....
Owen's "The Nature of Limbs"
Goethe's Metamorphosis of Plants
Laplace's System of the World
29
This image is from
Diderot'sEncylcopedie
Linnaeus'sSystem of Nature
Lamark'sZoological Philosophy
Hooke'sMicrographia
30
If you attended a medieval university you would study
The seven liberal arts
Whatever you were most interested in
Only what the church approved
Business
31
Who proved the chromosomal theory of heredity using
drosophila melanogaster
?
Gregory Mendel
Charles Darwin
Thomas Hunt Morgan
Herbert Spencer
32
Aristotle proposed five elements: earth, air, water, fire, and.
Aether
Quintessence
Divine
Firmament
33
Copernicus's On the revolutions of the heavenly spheres (1543):
Proposed a heliocentric universe
Was written in the vernacular
Was a bestseller with many reprints
Supported the biblical geocentric universe
34
The Principia by Isaac Newton was revolutionary because:
It was heretical
It proved Galileo wrong
It refuted all previous systems of nature
It proposed common laws for terrestrial and celestial region
35
Among the Platonic Solids the Cube represented ________
Water
Strife
Air
Earth
36
The Islamic Empire imported paper making technology from this Empire
Ottoman
Roman
Chinese
Greek
37
Which of the following were one of the flaws of Savery's pump?
Limited power, it could only remove a few meters of water
You needed horses to operate it
It burned wood to create steam and trees were scarce
It could only be located near water so too far from mines
38
d'Alembert:
The goal of science should be to reduce things to ______ & thereby understand them.
innate structures
fundamental natures
mechanical properties
basic features
39
What does Operationalism mean?
Understanding how the world works.
A new type of mathematics developed by Leibniz.
Attaining knowledge for the purpose of using it.
When physicians started doing surgery.This is a wrong answer
40
Who introduced the use of the ellipse into models of the solar system?
Newton
Galileo
Copernicus
Kepler
41
Who designed the mitre gates that were used in pound locks?
Franklin
Volta
da Vinci
van Muscenbroek
42
This Renaissance anatomist combined print technology, Renaissance art and anatomical discovery.
Andreas Vesalius
Johanes Gutenberg
Leonardo daVinci
Robert Boyle
43
Among the Platonic Solids the Tetrahedron represented ________
Love
Water
Air
Fire
44
The Quadrivium (pictured here) was comprised of:
Geometry, Arithmetic, Astronomy, Music
Geometry, Arithmetic, Calculus, Algebra
Grammar, Rhetoric, Logic, Composition
Logic, Rhetoric, Law, Theology
45
Aristotle believed nature to be____________
A mystery
Tasty
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
46
The pictured medieval technology is a:
Water Wheel
Saw mill
Rice Paddle
Flour Mill
47
Which of Plato's dialogues survived almost intact through the Middle Ages?
Timaeus
On Virtue
Theagues
The Republic
48
Who published The Starry Messenger in 1610?
Galileo
Kepler
Brahe
Copernicus
49
Who developed the theory of the archetype (in biology/science)?
Goethe
Owen
Paley
Darwin
50
Greek influence is evident in the ________ structure of the Roman Pantheon.
Dodecahedron
Spherical
Arched
Marble
51
Newton's second law can be summed up by the equation:
la=f
M=fa
E=MC2
F=ma
52
Whose system is this?
Nicholas Copernicus
Tycho Brahe
Isaac Newton
Johannes Kepler
53
What technology does Jared Diamond argue is most important for societies to grow?
Weaponry
Organizational
Agricultural
Industrial
54
von Humbolt is to _______________, as Descartes is to __________
Plato, Aristotle
Aistotle, Plato
Socrates, Plato
55
Which was founded first? (In 1660)
Royal Society of London
Royal Institution
Academie des Sciences
British Association for the Advancement of Science
56
Aristotle believed the Sphere of the Cosmos to be divided into the ________ realms
Earth and Air
Celestial and Terrestrial
Starry and Earthy
Wet and Dry
57
Who wrote the
Almagest?
Copernicus
Kepler
Ptolemy
Newton
58
Who developed the Leyden Jar as a method to store electricity?
Volta
Franklin
Galvani
van Mucenbroek
59
Hutton argued that the story of the earth was cyclical and had a purpose, it was:
a mystery
to confuse geologists
to make the earth habitable
to demonstrate God's power
60
What was the most pressing question for philosophers of the 6th century BCE?
Is change possible?
How does the earth move?
What am I?
Are there gods?
61
The first steam locomotive was introduced in 1814 by:
Richard Trevithick
James Watt
Thomas Newcomen
George Stephenson
62
Early manufactories (factories) had to be located near what?
mines
water
train tracks
towns
63
_____ didn't believe that the earth's cycles could result in permanent extinction
Lamark
Lyell
Paley
Owen
64
According to Aristotle's theory of Levity a book sitting on a desk is subject to forced motion.
True
False
65
Who founded the Academy in Athens in 388?
Aristotle
Empedocles
Plato
Socrates
66
Brahe proposed a system to reconcile observation and belief. What was at the centre?
Man
Earth
Sun
God
67
What was the
Aeolipile,
designed by Heron of Alexandria?
A mechanical figurine of a lady who plays the lute
A complex device for telling time
The earliest known steam powered machine
The first automaton
68
This thinker tried to combine the Copernican, Aristotelian universes and the work of Plato:
Brahe
Newton
Kepler
Bellarmine
69
Cultural movement that responded against the percieved Enlightenment mechanization of world:
Romanticism
Renaissance
Newtonism
Nostalgia
70
What did Stephen Grey's experiment with the orphan boy demonstrate?
That anyone could make scientific discoveries.
That ethics boards were not yet established.
Materials act as insulators and conductors of electricity.
That static was electricity.
71
This is a drawing of:
Newton's law of gravity
Newton's orbital cannon
Newton's crucial experiment
Newton's three laws of motion
72
The Almagest,an ancient work that influenced Renaissance astronomer Copernicus, was written by:
Galen
Aristotle
Pythagoras
Ptolemy
73
Goethe believed that there each plant had an
Urplflanze,
what was it?
The leaves
The seed
Its fundamental form
It's ability to produce other plants
74
In Greek architecture the stone that bridges the top of the columns is called a(n):
Lintel
Arch
beam
Ceiling
75
The systems of both __ and __ are dualistic ( 2 materials: matter and soul, make the universe).
Aristotle, Descartes
Plato, Descartes
Plato, Bacon
Aristotle, Bacon
76
Who invented the first battery that supplied a continuous stream?
Benjamin Franklin
Alessandro Volta
Luigi Galvani
Isaac Newton
77
What does viviparous mean?
living
Born from eggs
non-living
Born live
78
What big science project located its main laboratory at Los Alamos, New Mexico?
Linus Pauling's DNA laboratory
The Manhattan Project
The Human Genome Project
The Trinity Project
79
Bacon believed that lack of progress was due to ....
lack of knowledge
lack of application
lack of skill
lack of imagination
80
Ptolemy used what to explain retrograde motion?
Epicylces
Platonic solids
Aristotelian physics
Elipses
81
Steam power became available to British factories after what year?
1665
1813
1785
1833
82
This image is from the revolutionary text:
Micrographia
On the Fabric of the Human Body
Encyclopedie de Diderot
Principia
83
This painting by Blake is of:
Voltaire
Plato
Newton
Galileo
84
19. Aristotle believed that you could trust your senses?
No, never!
Yes, totally!
Meh, sometimes
85
This machine was patented in 1769 by Richard Arkwright. What is it?
The power loom
The spinning jenny
The water frame
The flying shuttle
86
Who published the
Starry Messenger
in 1610?
Newton
Kepler
Bacon
Galileo
87
The Royal Society of London's Coat of Arms reads “Nullius in verba” which means:
Trust only your mind
Take nobody's word for it
Reason will prevail
Nothing but truth
88
Who won the Nobel Prize for having "discovered" the double-helical shape of DNA?
Franklin and Crick
Watson and Crick
Parsons and Bryant
Wilkins and Rutherford
89
Plato's Cosmos was the product of...
Reason and planning
Random combinations of atoms
The Big Bang
The will of the gods
90
Steam power became available to British factories after what year?
1813
1665
1833
1785
91
According to Aristotle plants, animals, and humans all possessed ____
Nutritive Soul
Sensitive Soul
Rational Soul
92
Who published a series of lectures called "What is life" and set the hunt for genetic material?
Thomas Hunt Morgan
Erwin Schrödinger
Francis Crick & James Watson
Herbert Spencer
93
According to D'Alembert's philosophy of science all knowledge comes from:
Teachers
Senses
Books
Inherited Wisdom
94
Who wrote
Elements of Chemistry
and together with his wife identified 33 of the elements?
Black
Franklin
Lavoisier
Priestly
95
Paley believed that his argument regarding the watch proved:
Intelligent design
Wonders of evolution
96
This explorer and natural philosopher believed that you had to "be there".
von Humboldt
Owen
Darwin
Goethe
97
Who lived the earliest?
Galileo
Newton
Bacon
Descartes
98
The three men in this image are:
Socrates, Augustus, Aristotle
Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, Plato
Empedocles, Thomas Moore, Pythagoras
Aristotle, Saint Gerome, Plato
99
Which of the following was NOT an important prerequisite for scientific thinking?
Democracy
Prosperity
Contact with other cultures
Literacy
100
"If I have seen far it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants."
Darwin
Hooke
Newton
Copernicus
101
Thomas Savery referred to his method/steam pump by what term?
water by fire
water vacuum
miner's helper
steam engine
102
__________ proposed that the world was separated into fire, air, earth, water, love & strif
Leucippus
Thales
Empedocles
Anaximander
103
Among the Platonic Solids the Dodecahedron represented ______
Air
The universe
Water
Strife
104
What is parallax?
The way that stars and planets appear to move across the sky
The way objects shift position because of your perspective
The differences between the terrestrial and celestial realms
The infinite distance to the "fixed stars"
105
This astronomer wrote the 1512 Commentariolus which considered and refuted Ptolemy’s system
Bellarmine
Copernicus
Brahe
Galileo
106
The Agricultural Revolution in Medieval Europe resulted in:
The end of small farms and farming
Widespread unemployment and starvation
A heavy reliance on manual labour
A move to mechanical rather than animal/human power
107
By _ all extant Greek works on medicine, natural phil., logic & math were translated to Arabic
336CE
1200CE
1000CE
1426CE
108
This inventor had to repurpose his engine for entertainment - Watt had cornered the mine market
Trevithick
Newcomen
Stephenson
Savery
109
Who explained how electricity works (with + and - charges) by comparing it to an economy?
Galvani
Volta
Franklin
Newton
110
By 3500 BCE Humans could
Explain eclipses
Anticipate seasons
Use universal mathematical symbols
Read and write
111
The Novum Organum challenged ancient authority, systems and methods. Organum means:
Tool
Book
Method
Inquisition
112
Rutherford ended up disproving this model of the atom as he was trying to prove. What was it?
Rutherford model
Newtonian Model
Plum Pudding Model
Bohr Model
113
Who proposed the "plum pudding" model of the atom? (1904)
Wilkins
Watson
Rutherford
Thomson
114
When was the term "scientist" coined?
1600s
1500s
1800s
1700s
