Chapter Seven: The Rise of Europe

Peasants also adopted a new way of rotating crops: the _________ system.

In exchange for service, vassals were givenland grants, called a _____, for serving

By the late 1000s, Western Europe had become more _____, and prejudice against Jews increased.

The time period from the end of the ________ to the Renaissance is called the Middle Ages

Faced with disasters they could not understand, like illness, Christians often blamed _____. 

Church doctrine taught that men and women were ________ before God.

Medieval Era is also called the “___” because there was a lack of records and advancements. 

Medieval towns and cities were surrounded by high ____________.

The church controlled the ___ and became the most powerful secular force in medieval Europe.

The very success of the church brought problems.  As its wealth and power grew, _____ weakened.

Faced with ___ they could not understand, like illness or famine, Christians often blamed Jews.

A woman in the same trade as her father or her husband and might _____ his workshop if he died.

Following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, it was divided into several _____

Charles Martel, the Hammer, defended France fromthe ____ invasion in 732 at the Battle of Tours

_________ was a constant threat of medieval towns

OnChristmas day in 800, Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne the “Emperor of the _______.” 

Moneylenders had played an essential role in the growing medieval _________.

Knights are __________ that began training in boyhood at the age of 7.

In medieval towns, the _______ gained economic and political power.

By late 1000s, Western Europe had become more christianized, & prejudice against ___ increased.

No one except __________ could work in any trade.

Medieval Christians believe that all people were _________.

About 530, a monk named ____ created rules to regulate monastic life. 

__________ was a code of conduct that knights were supposed to uphold.

Bishops, who supervised parish priest, manage larger churches called _________.

Artisans make ______ that merchants can sell.

Some larger cities pass laws to promote better_______ conditions.

The pope was the spiritual leader of the western Christian church, based in ______.

Whenroyal governments couldn’t __ their subjects, people turned to aristocrats for protection.

To prevent ________, they limited guild membership.

They planted one field with ______, a second with __________, & the third __________.

__________ wore heavy, expensive armor & carried shields, swords, and lances. 

Typical medieval cities was a jumble of ______ streets lined with tall houses.

Feudal warfare and foreign invasions ______.  People felt safer, and began to travel more.

The church controlled the spiritual life and became the most powerful ____ in medieval Europe.

Guild's made rules to protect the _____ of their goods, regulate ____ of labor and set _____.

___________, who supervised parish priest, manage larger churches called cathedrals.

Feudal warfare and foreign invasions declined.  People felt _______, and began to _______ more.

The church was a ________ as well as a place of worship

For a charter, ________ paid the lord or the king a large sum of money, a yearly fee, or both.

Some men and women withdrew from worldly life to the monastic life.  They became ___ and ____.

Merchants also extended ____ to one another. Groups of merchants join together in partnerships.

During the middle ages, the church ____ Christians to lend money at interest. 

The peasants/serfs did the actual farming on the ____, or lord’s estate.

The church was a social center as well as a _________.

Merchants who set up a new town asked the local lord, or the king himself, for a ______.

Charlemagne strove to create a ________, aka Christendom.

As trade revived, the use of money _______.

The apprentice usually spent _______ years learning the trade

Vassals usually hired ___ to protect their lands

Usually around 21 the ____ would be dubbed a knight in a public ceremony 

In 768, Charlemagne, or _______, became king of the Franks.

Powerful Lords often built ___ as a status symbol and fortress for those who worked their land.

Charlemagne's kingdom was called the ________ Empire

Friars are monks who did not live in isolated _____________

Chivalry required the knights to be _____, ______ and ________.

_____________ are monks who did not live in isolated monasteries

On Christmas day in 800, Pope Leo III crowned ____ the “Emperor of the Romans.” 

By the late middle ages Western Europe had become a ______ civilization

Thetime period from the end of the Western Roman Empire to the ____ iscalled the Middle Ages

Christians believe that participation in the ________ would lead them to salvation with God

Peasants began using ____ that carved deep into the heavy soil of Northern Europe.

The first order of friars,___, was founded by a wealthy Italian, Saint Francis of Assisi.

Whenroyal governments couldn’t defend their subjects, people turned to the ___ for protection.

The Carolingian Empire began to ________ soon after Charlemagne’s death

Still towns are made filthy, smelly, noisy and crowded, a perfect breeding ground for _______.

The success of moneylenders lead to resentment and a rise in anti ______ prejudice.

Declaring themselves representatives of God on earth, medieval popes eventually claimed ___

Castles were surrounded by deep moats, with high stone ___________ and _____________.

Communities use new technology to build huge cathedrals in the form known as ____ style.

Charles Martel, the Hammer, defended France from the Muslim invasion in 732 at the Battle of __

Some clergy lived in _______.

Some men and women withdrew from worldly life to the _______ life.  They became monks and nuns.

Vassals (Nobles/Lords) provided _____ for a lord.

_________ was the spiritual leader of the western Christian church, based in Rome.

A new political and military system from Chapter 7 is called _______. 

Artisans make goods that merchants can ___________

Castles were surrounded by deep ______, with high stone walls and towers.

At the age of 7 or 8, a child might become an ________ to a guild master.

Knights engaged in mock battles called _______

Declaring themselves representatives of ____, medieval popes eventually claimed papal supremacy

______, the Hammer, defended France from the Muslim invasion in 732 at the Battle of Tours

Under the Benedictine rule, monks and nuns took three vows.  1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___. 

Following the ____ of the Western RomanEmpire, it was divided into several Germanic states

In the Middle Ages technology improved ___________