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AP Human Geo
198 terms
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To study for the AP final #APHuG
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198 cards
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Questions
198
Answers
1
Bio-genetic engineering allows growing of new strains in more arid regions to meet demand of:
bio-diesel fuel
grain export
the cattle feed industry
tofu/organic food
2
The Little Ice age was pieced together by farmer's diaries. Those of these were most useful.
dairy farmers
vegetable growers
wine growers
grain farmers
3
This sub field of geography studies political, economic and strategic significance
Anthropology
Econometrics
Geopolitics
Linguistics
4
Which types of countries usually encompass diverse types of climates, resources and peoples?
Elongated
Prorupt
Compact
Fragmented
5
The faith that is most widely dispersed over the world is:
Islam
shamanism
Christianity
Buddhism
6
Which commodity would be found closest to the market town in von Thunen's model?
milk
beef
firewood
wheat
7
All of the following tend to be centripetal forces within a country
except
:
military
regionalism
common language
education system
8
Spread of ideas, traits, knowledge and skills from place of origin to areas where adopted
diffusion
cultural repulsion
adjustment
9
Humans do not populate in large numbers to
areas that are too wet
all of the above
areas too high in elevation
areas that are too cold
10
Which of the following countries has the lowest arithmetic density?
United Kingdom
Brazil
United States
Canada
11
The fundamental doctrine of the Hindu faith is :
monotheism
karma
a detailed book of scripture
a violent ideology
12
Which economic activity is not counted in GNP calculations?
commercial farming
teaching
auto repair
tending to a home garden
13
In political geography, these forces tend to disrupt and threaten the unity of a state.
Centrifugal
Centripetal
Common values
Homogeneity
14
The Proto-Indo-European language homeland lies somewhere north of the...
Black Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Sea of Okhotsk
Baltic Sea
15
Coffee was domesticated in Ethiopia. Today, 70% of production is in:
South Asia
Southeast Asia
East Africa
Middle and South America
16
A boundary that uses physiological features like rivers or mountains is referred to as a(n):
natural/physical boundary
subsequent boundary
permeable barrier
geometric boundary
17
TRUE/FALSE: Cholera outbreaks have not occurred in the Twentieth Century
True
False
18
The Peace of Westphalia ________
created West Germany after WWII
marked the beginning of the modern state of Europe
ended WWI
created modern Pakistan after the British withdrawal
19
The boundaries of this country are being contested by the Palestinians.
Iraq
Serbia
China
Israel
20
Plant life and photosynthesis began about 1.5 billion years ago and increased the:
sulfur in the atmosphere
O2 in the atmosphere
methane in the atmosphere
CO2 in the atmosphere
21
The world's largest dominantly Islamic state is:
Pakistan
Egypt
Indonesia
Iran
22
Which of the following is
not
an example of a form of expansion diffusion?
contagious
stimulus
hierarchial
independent invention
23
Map in which data are assigned to class intervals and colors/patterns to distinguish magnitude:
choropleth map
topographic map
dot distribution map
cartogram
24
Which of the following is
not
generally a characteristic of an ethnic religion?
always polytheistic
found in a particular culture
spatially concentrated
does not seek outside converts
25
The mental map you have of places you routinely visit is a map of your:
activity spaces
neighborhood
region
inner world
26
Gross National Income does not include:
work done by rural women in less developed countries
work done by women in maquiladoras
work done by unmarried women
work done by state-employed women
27
Government efforts to discourage native practice and languages in the US and Canada were:
segregating practices
assimilating practices
eradicating practices
protective practices
28
Following the disintegration of the former Soviet Union, the only surviving superpower was:
Great Britain
China
France
US
29
The most prevalent rural residential pattern in the world's agricultural areas is:
hierarchical
nucleated
spaced
dispersed
30
Japan is a hearth of global popular culture that influences North America with...
animated films
fashion
sports
foods
31
_____ culture is conceived as small, incorporating a homogeneous populationand typically rural
material
folk
local
popular
32
The boundaries between which set of countries were established primarily to separate religions?
Mexico and the US
India and Pakistan
Libya and Chad
France and Germany
33
Race is:
the same as culture
socially constructed
biologically based
composed of three major skin color groups
34
According to Ravenstein's Laws of Migration, which group is most likely to move?
young adults
older adults
families
children
35
The Second Agricultural Revolution can generally be traced to Europe within what time frame?
fourteenth and fifteenth century
seventeenth and eighteenth century
twelfth and thirteenth century
nineteenth and twentieth century
36
The greater the distance from the hearth, the less likely an innovation will be adopted
distance decay
inverse innovation rule
adoption avoidance
cultural repulsion
37
Which of the following is an example of a nation seeking its own territory?
English
Palestinians
British
Mexicans
38
A high dependency ratio suggests that a large percentage of the population is...
under 14 years old
under 14 and over 65
14-64 years old
65 years or older
39
Demand for organic foods is greatest in:
periphery regions
core regions
spread equally among all regions
semi-periphery regions
40
Fair trade coffee buyers certify that ___% of the retail price goes to the coffee growers.
40
80
100
5
41
According to the text, which of the following is considered a state?
France
Hong Kong
British Columbia
Colorado
42
One element of the conflict in Sri Lanka is differences of these two religions:
Islam and Christianity
Christianity and tribal
Buddhism and Hindu
Islam and Jewish
43
The world distribution of precipitation is concentrated in:
high latitudes
subtropical regions
equatorial and tropical areas
mid-latitude regions
44
The basic unit of the township-and-range system, the section, has an area of:
1 acre
36 square miles
1 square mile
160 acres
45
The linguistic map of Nigeria reflects extreme fragmentation with nearly ___ languages spoken
25
15
200
400
46
Geographer Lee Liu found soils in intensively used fields near villages were:
polluted
fertile and productive
not used
overused and of poor fertility
47
Taro, yams and bananas are associated with the ______ hearth, according to Spencer and Thomas.
Southwest Asian
Southeast Asian
Ethiopia-East Asian
Meso-American
48
What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by water?
90
20
70
50
49
Environmental determinism was replaced be which approach to geography in the late 20th century?
distribution approach
possiblist approach
hierarchical approach
vernacular approach
50
The location of a place in relationship to other places or features around it is called:
index of placeness
absolute location
relative location
site
51
At which scale to boundary disputes occur?
Local
All of the above
National
International
52
The Kyoto Protocol:
addresses US-Japan trade imbalances
addresses Asian deforestation
addresses Japan-European trade imbalances
addresses global climate change
53
The most widely used Indo-European language today is:
German
English
Spanish
Chinese
54
Which of the following would not be part of the cultural landscape?
fences
rainfall
livestock
barns
55
The concept of culture is closely identified with:
archaeology
psychology
anthropology
sociology
56
The Hindu religion is one of the oldest of the religions and may have begun ___ years ago.
1,500
6,000
3,000
4,000
57
The most recent glaciation of the Pleistocene was the ______ Glaciation.
Illinoian
Wisconsinan
Nebraskan
Kansan
58
Friedrich Ratzel's organic theory identified ______ as a state's essential living force.
mobility
population
space
strong military
59
The four major population clusters in the world include the following regions except...
East Asia
South America
South Asia
Southeast Asia
60
The visible imprint of human activity is known as:
the cultural landscape
the natural landscape
spatial interaction
the attributes of the setting
61
In which area of the world are countries in stage one of the demographic transition model found
Northern Europe
South America
North America
West and Southern Africa
62
The US is the most prolific producer of solid waste, producing about __ lbs per person per day.
7.3
3.5
4.5
1.5
63
Buddhism has its source in:
Japan
Thailand
China
India
64
It is estimated that _____ of the world's population is seriously malnourished.
1/2
1/10th
1/20th
1/7th
65
Mackinder's concerns of Stalin's control led to the development of containment in the US and to
the Berlin Wall
NATO
friendly relationships with China
the United Nations
66
Which is
not
an example of a primary economic activity?
corn flake production
forestry
mining iron ore
lobster fishing
67
Is is estimated that ___% of the Sub-Saharan realm's food is produced by females.
50
20
70
10
68
The boundaries of rocky crustal plates are associated with:
deserts
earthquakes and volcanoes
plains regions
ice caps
69
Which is an example of an interfaith (boundary) conflict?
Israel - Palestine
Northern Ireland
Former Yugoslavia
Nigeria
70
Central government with subnational entities that have representation in governmental processes
Federal
Compact
Communist
Unitary
71
Field of study that considers the rolled of politics in shaping human environmental interaction
economics
politics
Political-ecology
danger
72
An example of a country with a population pyramid that has a large base is...
United States
Japan
Germany
Nigeria
73
Select the group that is not a supranational organization.
UN
CIA
OPEC
EU
74
Which of the following nations is considered a stateless-nation?
Jewish
Spanish
French
Kurdish
75
Fragmented states can help create which type of forces within a state?
Cumulative causation
Centripetal
Centrifugal
Backwash effects
76
The coordinates of absolute location are useful mainly in determining exact:
distance and directions
directions
distance
elevations
77
The "lost city" located in Sun City, South Africa is a good example of:
an authentic landscape
the commodification of nature
an ethnic enclave
modernization
78
The importance of the
spatial
approach that geographers use in their studies is that it shows:
human activity only
arrangement/organization of things on the surface of Earth
history of an area
political impact of boundaries
79
Nigeria has federal system of government in which they adopted the ___ law in the Muslim North.
local tribal
British Common
Nigerian Federal
Sharia
80
The degree of direct linkage btw one location and other location in a transport network:
movement
connectivity
spatial interaction
landscape
81
Life expectancy is:
number of years a person will theoretically live
number of years a person will live
average number of years a person is expected to live
average number of years a person will live at birth
82
Which of the following was an example of forced migration?
Spanish migration to the Western Hemisphere
European colonists of America moving West in search for gold
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
India-Pakistan migration after gaining independence
83
TRUE/FALSE: Cultures live in spatial isolation and show little change as a result of diffusion
False
True
84
_____ refers to the infusing of a locality with meaning and emotion.
Location theory
Sense of place
Human-environment interaction
Regionalization
85
The greatest concentration of streets memorializing MLK, Jr. are found in:
the South, especially Georgia
the Northeast, particularly Massachusetts
the West
the Midwest, especially Illinois
86
The largest major population concentration of North America is
From Toronto to Montreal
from Miami to Jacksonville
from San Diego to San Francisco
From Washington D.C. to Boston
87
Examples of luxury crops include:
coffee and tobacco
cacao and corn
tobacco and potatoes
tea and sugar
88
The spread of disease where nearly all adjacent individuals are affected is an example of:
contagious diffusion
stimulus diffusion
independent infection
reloaction diffusion
89
Which form of diffusion cannot be transmitted by media?
hierarchical diffusion
expansion diffusion
relocation diffusion
stimulus diffusion
90
The form of agriculture that refers to a particular climate is:
Mediterranean
dairying
livestock ranching
shifting cultivation
91
TRUE/FALSE: Details of the distribution of wealth in the US features typical at global scale
False
True
92
Any political power based in the center of Eurasia could gain enough strength to dominate.
Unilateral Theory
Wallerstein's World Systems Theory
Mackinder's Heartland Theory
Huntington's Clash of Civilizations Thesis
93
The physical location of a place using the Earth latitude-longitude grid is:
absolute location
referenced location
relative location
grid plan
94
A geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs is called a/an:
cultural boundary
international border
sound shift
isogloss
95
The most dangerous volcano, _________, erupted about 73,500 years ago.
Tambora
St. Helen's
Toba
Santorini
96
Convergence processes that produce a pidgin language are first introduced to a population as a:
lingua franca
creole language
language subfamily
dialect
97
Which of the following is the best example of a nation-state?
Japan
South Africa
China
United Kingdom
98
The largest source of international immigrants to the US is from:
India
Canada
Mexico
China
99
In 2001, reports indicated that as many as ___ women may have been victims of dowry deaths.
0
1,000
7,000
100
100
What region of North America is most densely populated?
Northeast
Pacific Northwest
Southeast
West Coast
101
Globally, the consumption of resources is tied to _______ more than any other factor.
proximity to resources
rate of population growth
population numbers
technology
102
The concept that the US was ordained by God to expand across North America was:
Manifest Destiny
complementarity
Rimland Theory
gateway state
103
The youngest major religion is:
Hinduism
Christianity
Judaism
Islam
104
The Dave Matthews Band established a ____ in VA and gained popularity through _____
record label, contagious diffusion
beachhead, word of mouth
hearth, distance decay
hearth, hierarchical diffusion
105
The building of a sense of community identity around the idea of "Swedish-ness" in Kansas is:
cultural appropriation
neolocalism
globalization
assimilation
106
The rise of secularism and decline of religious membership are found in:
Southeast Asia
Africa
Southwest Asia
Europe
107
When a husband migrates from Mexico to US and earns money to allow for his family to migrate
internal migration
chain migration
distance decay
forced migration
108
This 20th century communist empire controlled many weaker satellite states in Eastern Europe.
Turkey
Germany
China
Soviet Union
109
Cultural geographers identify a single element of normal practice as:
a cultural trait
a cultural peculiarity
a cultural heritage
a culture region
110
The naming of sports stadiums and other facilities for corporations is an example of:
hubris
commodification
memorial toponyms
post-modern toponyms
111
In villages everywhere, social stratification is reflected by:
the street pattern
the range and quality of village houses
the dress of the population
commercial buildings
112
Which region of the US do geometric boundaries predominate?
Hawaii
Midwest
Northeast
Southeast
113
The ratio of percent labor force to percent of GDP in the agricultural sector of Canada means?
the agricultural sector is labor intensive
the agricultural sector is subsistence intensive
the agricultural sector is machine intensive
the agricultural sector is small scale intensive
114
The arithmetic population density of the US is _____ per square mile.
82
347
1046
31
115
The language most widely used as a 2nd language by millions of Indians, Africans, etc.:
English
French
Arabic
Spanish
116
Corn of the American "Corn Belt" originated in:
the Fertile Crescent
West Africa
Central America
Southeast Asia
117
Barrio
is the Spanish term for:
a small donkey
neighborhood
boundary
socio-economic barriers to advancement
118
The Global Environmental Facility funds projects related to four issues. Which is
not
one?
soil erosion
loss of biodiversity
climatic change
depletion of ozone layer
119
Geomancers, those who know the desires of the spirits of those occupying the natural world are:
associated with feng-shui
associated with monotheism
associated with Lamaism
associated with karma
120
The Hajj, one of the "pillars of Islam" is:
fasting during the holy month
charitable giving
the veil worn by Muslim women
the pilgrimage to Mecca
121
Latin
octo
(eight) became Italian
otto
, Spanish
ocho
and French
huit.
This is an example of?
sound shift
isogloss shift
deterioration
dialect development
122
Uneven distribution of wealth and political power after colonialism was due to wealth in:
North America
Europe and North America
Europe
Asia
123
The concept that which population will continue to grow even after fertility rates decline
demographic momentum
demographic transition
homeostatic plateau
rate of natural increase
124
In areas of shifting cultivation the population _________.
never lies in permanent settlements
cannot have a high density
increases significantly
must be large enough to provide surplus labor
125
A group of people in a particular space who see themselves as a community and who share traits
popular culture
material culture group
local culture
folk
126
The correct name for the rectangular language division scheme in the US after the American Rev:
township-and-range system
metes and bounds system
long-lot system
Franklin's system
127
A tsunami's waves result from:
periodic floods
tidal conditions
earthquake displacement of the seafloor
high storm winds called "tsunamis"
128
Jerusalem is a sacred place for:
All of the above
Jews
Christians
Muslims
129
Alfred Wegner used his spatial view of the world to develop the theory of:
Earth rotation
the hydrologic cycle
relativity
continental drift
130
Which type of boundary uses lines of latitude and longitude and not existing physical features?
Geometric boundary
Subsequent boundary
Natural boundary
Antecedent boundary
131
The
Confucian Classics
were the 13 texts that were the focus of education 2,000 years ago in:
Japan
India
Afghanistan
China
132
TRUE/FALSE: The study of landforms, climates and environmental change is physical geography
True
False
133
The ____ of a group of people included the things they construct.
folk culture
non-material culture
material culture
pop culture
134
Skin color is a matter of what pigmentation, a protective element against strong sun.
melanin
epithelial
carotene
dextrose
135
Political boundaries that most poorly represent the linguistic boundaries are of this region:
North America
Africa
South America
East Asia
136
Which of the following is considered a sovereign state?
Antarctica
India
Alaska
Hong Kong
137
Two Russian scholars have established the core of the pre-porto-Indo-European language named:
Nostratic
Etruscan
Austronesian
Anatolian
138
Which geographical theme would study the impact of the drainage of the Florida Everglades?
movement
location
place
human-environment
139
According to Carl Sauer, the earliest plant domestication __________.
was associated with seed crops
occurred in tropical middle America
was prompted by scarcity
probably involved planting root crops
140
Depletion of the ozone layer is caused by the release of ____ into the atmosphere.
CO2
methane
volcanic ash
chlorofluorocarbons
141
Buying a Native American styled dream catcher at a Wal-Mart store in Ohio is an example of:
assimilation
cultural persistence
cultural appropriation
local custom
142
The largest constituency of Christianity is:
Coptic
Protestant
Eastern Orthodox
Roman Catholicism
143
Form of villages still existing in many rural landscapes that remind of a turbulent past:
grid
linear
walled
round
144
Most scholars believe that seed cultivation (!st Agricultural Revolution) occurred in:
tropical Africa
Asia
the Fertile Crescent
the Nile Valley
145
___ of internet content is in English.
82%
12%
68%
27%
146
The product of convergence which allows speakers of two or more languages to communicate:
lingua franca
standardized language
common language
lingua germanica
147
The same ultraviolet radiation intercepted by darkly pigmented skin stimulates this production
E
C
D
A
148
The systematic study of the origin and meaning of place names is called:
lexicography
toponymy
namology
deep reconstruction
149
Hawaii and Louisiana are examples of states with...
no official language policies
official "English only" policies
official bilingual policies
no linguistic variation
150
Reasons why a person feels compelled to leave his or her home area is:
pull factors
push factors
economic indicator factors
place utility factors
151
In the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, for a judge to be appointed to the country's courts:
they had to wear a turban
they had to wear sandals
they had to wear a veil
they had to have a beard
152
What is the most residentially segregated metropolitan area for African Americans?
Atlanta, Georgia
Seattle, Washington
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Birmingham, Alabama
153
In order to replace its population only, a country needs a total fertility rate of...
1.2
2.1
3.0
3.5
154
Rice cultivation in Southeast Asia is largely a _______ activity.
part-time
subsistence
mechanized
commercial
155
The highest Crude Birth Rates (CBR) in the world are found in...
China
Middle East
Sub-Saharan Africa
Latin America
156
Which region has a high percentage of geometric boundaries to separate states?
South America
Europe
North Africa
Southeast Asia
157
Africa experienced a period of decolonization and creation of many new states when?
1700s
Late nineteenth century
1850s
1950s and 60s
158
The Sea of Galilee forms a large freshwater reservoir in the Jordan Valley and supplies mainly:
Jordan
Israel
Lebanon
Syria
159
Language tree diagram of language divergence has some branches with dead ends that represent?
standardized or non-hanging languages
extinct languages
isolated languages
language subfamilies
160
Roman Catholic Christianity was spread to Middle and South American by:
Italy
Spain
Portugal
England
161
NAFTA is a supranationalistic organization which attempted to create a free trade zone where?
North Atlantic
North America
New Zealand and Australia
North Africa
162
During the Cold War era, which two countries balanced the power of one another?
Pakistan/India
US/Soviet Union
United Kingdom/France
Spain/Portugal
163
Presently, most population growth in the world is occurring where?
least developed countries
western countries
more developed countries
Africa
164
Which of these sub-regions recently gained more central government powers with parliament?
Ireland
Scotland
Colorado
Russia
165
When places are "designed" either for women or then they are said to be:
gendered
sex zones
social spaces
restricted areas
166
Yugoslavia was a prime example of a:
nation-state
multi-nation state
multi-state nation
stateless nation
167
Zoroastrianism is similar to Islam and Christianity in that it is...
a missionary religion
monotheistic
a world religion
polytheistic
168
TRUE/FALSE: Functional regions are the product of interaction and movement
True
False
169
The text focuses on 1 local culture in its attempts to lessen the influence of foreign culture
US
France
S. Korea
Zimbabwe
170
By 1960, Mexico no longer depended on imports as production of this crop rose dramatically
corn
coffee
tomatoes
wheat
171
Presently, natural increase in population is primarily due to...
an increase in death rate
a decrease in death rate
an increase in birth rate
a decrease in birth rate
172
The Spanish invaders of Middle America, centuries ago, laid out villages and towns in what form
oval
round
linear
grid
173
Which country has a low arithmetic density, but a high physiological density?
United Kingdom
United States
Nigeria
Egypt
174
The linking of places by common traits or characteristics is defined as:
region
location
place
area
175
Which of the following agricultural activities is widespread in the NE US and NW Europe?
cotton growing
citrus production
dairying
sugar beet production
176
The fact that trends in popular culture proceed from large global centers to smaller cities is:
hierarchical diffusion
relative location
diffusion
migration
177
Which of the following states fits the morphology description of compact?
Thailand
Chile
South Africa
Poland
178
In recent years, many wooded areas in ___ have been deforested to provide beef to the US.
East and South Asia
Central and South America
East Africa
West Africa
179
The ideology of Zionism has as its goal:
a homeland for the Jewish people
the elimination of the Orthodox division within the faith
the merger of the three modern divisions of Judaism
the merger of Judaism with other religions
180
By 1992, the most widely grown crop was a product of the Green Revolution, IR36, a type of:
maize
potatoes
rice
wheat
181
Which describes the general direction that the US population center has moved since 1970?
South
North and West
North and East
West and South
182
The phenomenon that the farther a feature moves from a hearth, the less dominant it is
central place
distance decay
sequent occupance
concentric circle
183
Sikhism is a small compromise religion that arose form the confrontation between Hinduism and:
Christianity
Islam
Buddhism
British colonial officials
184
Branch of geography that focuses on landforms, climate, soils and vegetation of the Earth is:
biogeography
physical geography
cultural geography
human geography
185
Since 1950, this part of the developing world has seen a dramatic increase in population
urban areas
agricultural areas
areas away from coasts
rural areas
186
Newspaper delivery areas are an example of which type of region?
formal
statistical
graphical
functional
187
Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) was perhaps the first prominent Indian religious leader to:
reject the eating of meat
accept Karma
speak out against the Hindu caste system
acknowledge sacred animals, such as cattle
188
The presence of centrifugal forces within a country has led to diffusion of power called:
acculturation
autocratic
imperialism
devolution
189
Organic food is found in _____ areas.
all
periphery
core
semi-periphery
190
Guatemala's agricultural sector produced 22.7% of the country's GDP and employs:
22.7% of labor force
10% of labor force
50% of labor force
25% of labor force
191
This type of state has a centralized government and administration that exercises equal control
Unitary
Federal
Compact
Regional
192
Hutterites differ form the Amish in that they...
live in Pennsylvania
are Anabaptist
reject modern technology
accept modern technology
193
The geologic epoch, characterized by global warming, in which we are now living:
Miocene
Holocene
Pliocene
Pleistocene
194
Which of the following US regional associations is
incorrect
?
Upper Midwest - Lutheran
Southwest - Mormon
New England - Catholic
South - Baptist
195
Which is am example of a non-material aspect of culture?
religious decoration
an alter
church building
burning of incense
196
In terms of popular culture, cities like Paris, New York and Milan are referred to as...
hearths
world cities
local cultures
capitals
197
A form of tropical subsistence agriculture in which fields are rotated after short periods:
shifting cultivation
subsistence rice cultivation
subsistence wheat cultivation
nomadic herding
198
In von Thunen's model there was a concentric circle of forest around the city because _______.
it would contain the growth of the city
it would provide lumber and firewood
it would filter out pollution
it provided a recreational area