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Shorter Version of Borowed AP Psych Review Good Flashcards | StudBud
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Shorter Version of Borowed AP Psych Review Good
Shorter Version of Borowed AP Psych Review Good
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1
What is true about experiments that is not of other research methods
they can gather data from a large number of people quickly
they can determine causal relationships between variables
they take place in more realistic, real-life settings
they involve more research participants than other studies
2
What kind of therapy involves both cognitive and behavioral interventions
rational emotive behavior therapy
counterconditioning
systematic desensitization
aversion therapy
3
When Wade is late to basketball practice his coach makes him run laps. Wade is not late again
positive reinforcement
modeling
positive punishment
negative reinforcement
4
en route
to the visual cortex, information from the eyes' retinas crosses at the
optic chiasm
optic nerve
feature detectors
fovea
5
Which is most closely associated with creativity
contextual intelligence
functional fixedness
hypothesis testing
divergent thinking
6
Restarting your printer over and over but failing to notice it is out of paper demonstrates
low experiential intelligence
belief perseverance
a mental set
divergent thinking
7
What kind of personality theorist would be most interested in the results of the MMPI
humanistic
biological
psychoanalytic
trait
8
which is an example of an implicit memory
remembering how to tie your shoelace
recalling the name of your JH math teacher
describing the taste of a birthday cake
recognizing a celebrity
9
Which best explains the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory
physiological reaction and cognitive labeling cause emotion
people follow a pattern of alarm, resistance, exhaustion
an event causes an emotion and a physiological response
perceived control over life reduces stress and improves mood
10
One group receives an ad for 99% fat free milk; the other for 1% fat milk. What being tested
confirmation bias
representativeness heuristic
inattentional blindness
framing effects
11
authoritarian parents demonstrate
low warmth and high control
high warmth and high control
low warmth and low control
high warmth and low control
12
Delusions and hallucinations are most characteristic of
obsessive-compulsive disorder
dissociative identity disorder
antisocial personality disorder
schizophrenia
13
According to Piaget, when we can't ______ new information, we change our schemas through ______
ignore : adaptation
reduce : stereotypes
reward : punishment
assimilate : accomodate
14
Harlow's rhesus monkey experiment illustrated
that primates can make and use tools
the importance of physical contact to development
that language is a uniquely human skill
the danger of separating babies from their natural parents
15
A musician who signs a recording contract stops playing for fun. This is best explained by
latent learning
the law of effect
social learning theory
the overjustification effect
16
A therapist who tells a client to write down their depressed thoughts is using this perspective
cognitive
pharmacological
structuralist
behavioral
17
Which technique would be most helpful in avoiding the problems associated with groupthink
increasing group polarization within different groups
identifying approach-avoidance conflicts
encouraging contrary opinions within the group
responding to deindividuation among group members
18
Which best summarizes the results of Tolman's latent learning experiment
reinforcement had little impact on the rats' performance
rats who explored the maze first ran faster when reinforced
rats that received punishment ran the maze faster
rats that were continually reinforced ran the maze faster
19
light enters the eye through an opening in the
iris
fovea
retina
blind spot
20
Julie is more alert in the morning; John in the evening. This is because of differences in
circadian rhythm
personalities
sleep cycles
daily activities
21
What research method could study the relationship between owning a hybrid car and being vegan
correlation study
naturalistic observation
experiment
case study
22
Garcia and Koelling's research on aversions established which UCS/CS pairs as most powerful
movement and electrical shocks
punishment and aversion
performing a task and receiving food
nausea and food or drink
23
Maria slams the car door and yells at her kids. Now when they hear a car door slam they cringe
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
instrumental learning
observational learning
24
counterconditioning lies at the heart of which therapeutic approach
client-centered therapy
systematic desensitization
REBT
token economies
25
Which is one of the key factors distinguishing major depressive disorder from sadness
normal sadness is much less intense than depression
lasts longer than 2 weeks without an obvious cause
specific changes in the brain
sadness is paired with heightened senses and mania
26
a charity includes free address labels in its fundraising letters to increase contributions
self-fulfilling prophecy
out-group homogeneity
fundamental attribution error
reciprocity norm
27
Sherif's Robbers Cave study indicates that this principle best reduces tensions between groups
deindividuation
superordinate goals
group polarization
diffusion of responsibility
28
4YO Kate sits right in front of all the other kids to watch a magician. According to Piaget,
Kate lacks object permanence
Kate has a lack of conservation
Kate cannot reason hypothetically
Kate is demonstrating egocentrism
29
Lou believes he is capable of succeeding in nursing school. His mindset is associated with
high self-efficacy
an extraverted personality
a strong superego
low self-esteem
30
Someone who can't move the muscles needed for accurate speech might have brain damage where
Gage's area
hippocampus
Wernicke's area
Broca's area
31
the somatic nervous system is part of the
sympathetic nervous system
central nervous system
peripheral nervous system
autonomic nervous system
32
A man can speak but uses incorrect language content&has difficulty comprehend language damaged
broca's area
wernicke's area
cerebral cortex
cerebellum
33
which social psychology principle best explains prejudice
in-group bias
compliance strategies
individualism
self-serving bias
34
If Pavlov's dogs began to salivate when they heard a sound similar to a bell they would show
unconditioned response
spontaneous recovery
stimulus generalization
stimulus discrimination
35
Someone who can't move the muscles needed for accurate speech might have brain damage where
Gage's area
Broca's area
hippocampus
Wernicke's area
36
The WISC is a...
none of these
Personality inventory
personality test
Intelligence test
37
Which of the following is found in Jung's model of the collective unconscious
archetypes
repressed memories
functional fixedness
inferiority complexes
38
Knowledge of different categories of trees is an example of what type of long-term memory
episodic memory
eidetic memory
semantic memory
procedural memory
39
A teacher ignoring her students' prior grades so her opinion of them is not influenced avoids
self-fulfilling prophecy
self-serving bias
cognitive dissonance
fundamental attribution error
40
which type of therapist is most likely to prescribe lithium for a patient with bipolar disorder
psychoanalyst
psychiatrist
clinical psychologist
cognitive psychotherapist
41
If a distribution of scores includes outliers, which measure of central tendency should be used
median
range
standard deviation
mean
42
You girlfriend dumps you. "I always knew she was bad news" your friend says. This demonstrates
a theory
overconfidence
hindsight bias
self-serving bias
43
in the nature vs. nurture debate, nature is most closely associated with
culture
family
temperament
environment
44
Someone who can't move the muscles needed for accurate speech might have brain damage where
Wernicke's area
hippocampus
Broca's area
Gage's area
45
Lana learns how to be goalie as her coach gradually rolls the ball faster at parts the goal
law of effect
behavior shaping
token economy
higher-order conditioning
46
Someone who fails an exam and reacts by studying longer probably has this locus of control
external
internal
fundamental
situational
47
Runners in a park increase their speed when another runner comes into view. This illustrates
disinhibition
conformity
social facilitation
social roles
48
Research indicates that which factor most influences one's sexual orientation
parenting style
hormones released in the womb
masculine/feminine personality traits
traumatic childhood experiences
49
Reading a job description written with masculine pronouns, people think of the employee as male
gender schema theory
principle of continuity
linguistic relativity hypothesis
the social role hypothesis
50
A personality test which calls Jan an extravert the first time and an introvert the next lacks
standardization
test-retest reliability
aptitude measures
construct validity
51
Which question would be most useful to test Kohlberg's idea of pre & post-conventional morality
at what age can children reason abstractly
If 3 are taken from a group of 12, how many are left
should you tell a small lie to not hurt someone's feelings
what is the best way to respond to a baby crying in her crib
52
Which statement best represents the relationship between performance and arousal
performance continually decreases as arousal increases
too little or too much arousal is harmful to performance
performance is best at low and high levels of arousal
performance steadily increases as arousal increases
53
An American's prototype of a chair is most likely to include
four legs and a seat
a desk and/or table
pens, pencils, and a computer
an armchair, chairlift, and wheelchair
54
A variable ratio of reinforcement is often preferable to a fixed ratio because
fixed ratios allow both classical and operant learning
variable ratio schedules are more resistant to extinction
variable ratio schedules produce the quickest results
fixed ratio schedules are more time intensive
55
Amy has a cat. The first time she sees a rabbit she calls it a cat. Her mistake is due to
habituation
assimilation
accommodation
discrimination
56
Bandura's theory of reciprocal determinism states personality results from the interaction of
traits, the environment, and behavior
genetics, the unconscious, and social facilitation
rewards, punishments, and reinforcers
id, ego, and superego
57
According to Kohlberg, in order to reason at the postconventional level, people must
believe in God
have been exposed to good, moral role models
resolve the integrity vs. despair conflict
be able to take another person's perspective
58
Which of the therapies below is no longer used to treat patients
gestalt therapy
prefrontal lobotomy
electro-convulsive shock therapy
free association
59
the limbic system plays an important role in
planning for the future
maintaining balance
regulating emotion
processing sensory information
60
which disorder would respond best to cognitive behavioral therapy
major depressive disorder
schizophrenia
dissociative identity disorder
bipolar disorder
61
An EEG of Lin during dreaming would most likely show
beta waves and delta waves
sleep spindles and k complexes
NREM
delta waves
62
What number will tell that two variables have a strong relationship?
a mean that is the same as the median
standard deviation
probability
correlation coeifficient
63
patients who are described as "split brain" have had what structure removed
medulla oblongata
corpus callosum
prefrontal cortex
hippocampus
64
Someone who can't move the muscles needed for accurate speech might have brain damage where
Wernicke's area
Broca's area
Gage's area
hippocampus
65
People who are easily hypnotizable are likely to score highly on which Big 5 trait
neuroticism
openness
extraversion
conscientiousness
66
Dan is a toddler who avoids eye contact and resists to changes to routine. He shows symptoms of
fetal alcohol syndrome
Down syndrome
mental retardation
autism spectrum disorder
67
A librarian gives a prize for every five books students read. Her schedule of reinforcement is
variable interval
fixed variable
continuous
fixed ratio
68
which of the following statistics provides most information about how spread out a data set is
range
mean
standard deviation
median
69
When Susie went to prom with Dan, Max channeled his feelings of frustration into artwork
displacement
reaction formation
sublimation
projection
70
In people, rods, unlike cones,
have a lower absolute threshold for light
are located in the center of the retina
respond more quickly to colors
are unable to detect motion
71
Which of the following models of personality is the least deterministic
biological
evolutionary
humanistic
psychodynamic
72
When Sue stubs her toe, it feels better when she rubs the surrounding skin-this is explained by
frequency theory
transduction theory
opponent-process theory
gate-control theory
73
Which of the following is LEAST likely to contribute to prejudice
scapegoating
superordinate goals
stereotyping
out-group homogeneity
74
which structure is part of the inner ear
basilar membrane
malleus (hammer)
tympanic membrane
auditory canal
75
According to humanist theory, psychological disorders are most likely caused by
neurochemical imbalances
learned associations
unhealthy attributional styles
unfulfilled needs
76
In a class of 25 students, all but 2 score between 82 and 94. The 2 scores of 47 and 55 are
outliers
modes
normally distributed
variances
77
Elizabeth Loftus' research on wording and misinformation effects on memory best demonstrate
the reconstructive nature of memory
the serial position effect
the role of the hippocampus in memory
the rate at which people forget information
78
Lara is attracted to Craig but can't stand his friends and family. Her conflict is classified
she does not have a conflict
approach-approach
avoidance-avoidance
approach-avoidance
79
Vance's psychiatrist diagnoses him with bipolar disorder. Which medication would he prescribe
L-Dopa
SSRIs
lithium
benzodiazepines
80
Someone who can't move the muscles needed for accurate speech might have brain damage where
Broca's area
Gage's area
hippocampus
Wernicke's area
81
Someone who can't move the muscles needed for accurate speech might have brain damage where
hippocampus
Gage's area
Broca's area
Wernicke's area
82
When like-minded groups take more extreme positions than individuals comprising the group
social facilitation
group polarization
deindividuation
groupthink
83
What is the purpose of the DSM
explain the symptoms and cures of disorders
discuss theories related to the treatment of disorders
list the diagnostic criteria and symptoms of disorders
describe the biopsychosocial causes of disorders
84
Pat is laughing because she just won the lottery. Sal thinks she is a fun person. Sal's opinion
is influenced by the norm of reciprocity
is influenced by the just world hypothesis
is influenced by the fundamental attribution error
is influenced by the self-serving bias
85
Which best describes how neurons communicate with one another
physical contact between dendrites
chemical signals at the synaptic cleft
hormones jump from one axon to the next
electrical signals between two myelin sheaths
86
The fact that our ears are located on opposite sides of our head best helps us with
sensory adaptation
detecting absolute threshold
hearing high frequencies
sound localization
87
How would drive reduction theory explain a person eating half a bowl of M&M's and stopping
they were satisfying the 2nd step on the hierarchy of needs
people eat in moderation to prevent being seen as selfish
humans are instinctively driven to eat sugar and fat
the person stopped when their body had reached homeostasis
88
if the College Board left out questions about neuroscience on the AP exam, the test would lack
content validity
predictive validity
split-half reliability
test-retest reliability
89
Someone who can't move the muscles needed for accurate speech might have brain damage where
Broca's area
Wernicke's area
Gage's area
hippocampus
90
Which is a common criticism of Freud's personality theory
his research wasn't representative of the population
it doesn't apply to people with disorders
his evidence comes from therapy sessions, not empirical data
Genetics was not advanced enough to be used as Freud tried
91
When running for class president, Edy puts pictures of herself everywhere. Why might this help
foot-in-the-door phenomenon
central route persuasion
mere-exposure effect
deindividuation
92
What was one of the factors that increased conformity in Asch's studies
presence of an authority figure
wearing guard uniforms
placebo effect
size of the group
93
Erikson's initiative vs. guilt stage is most closely related to Freud's
phallic stage
anal stage
oral stage
latency period
94
Someone who can't move the muscles needed for accurate speech might have brain damage where
Broca's area
Gage's area
hippocampus
Wernicke's area
95
Of the following, children will most likely develop this skill first
say a sentence
clap their hands
cut with a knife
write with a pencil
96
Which of the following has been linked to a deficit of dopamine
autism
Parkinson's disease
major depressive disorder
Alzheimer's disease
97
Which part of the brain is "newest" in an evolutionary sense
cerebral cortex
hypothalamus
cerebellum
pons
98
which of the following most impacts the speed of motor development
early gross motor practice
secure attachment with parents
concrete operational exercises
myelination of brain neurons
99
which would a researcher need to use to determine whether experiment data is significant
standard deviation
descriptive statistics
counterbalancing
inferential statistics
100
After a natural disaster Faye says, "Serves them right for not having better warning systems."
just world bias
Barnum effect
self-serving bias
false consensus effect
101
James is interested in the processing strategies children use to learn new information. He is a
clinical psychologist
sociocultural psychologist
personality psychologist
cognitive psychologist
102
Milgram's obedience study was criticized based on what ethical grounds
risk of psychological harm
violation of confidentiality
lack of informed consent
lack of debriefing
103
Which personality theory is criticized for its overly optimistic view of human nature
trait
psychoanalytic
humanistic
cognitive
104
Bandura's Bobo doll experiment evidenced the importance of __________ in social learning
sublimation
modeling
mirror neurons
latent learning
105
What area of psychology focuses on subjective well-being, optimism, self-esteem, and happiness
psychometrics
positive psychology
social psychology
health psychology
106
10 YO Genna underwent a right hemispherectomy. What action best shows her neuroplasticity
moving her left hand
speaking aloud
solving a logic problem
understanding what was said to her
107
Ryan suffers from constant, low-level arousal of his autonomic NS. He most likely suffers from
obsessive-compulsive disorder
generalized anxiety disorder
major depressive disorder
post-traumatic stress disorder
108
negative reinforcers __________ a stimulus in order to ___________ a behavior
remove : decrease
remove : punish
remove : increase
add : decrease
109
A test that identifies people with the potential to be great lawyers is an example of a(n)
EQ test
achievement test
IQ test
aptitude test
110
What factor is ignored when people commit the fundament attribution error
social
dispositional
behavioral
situational
111
An artist making a drawing could use which of the following to add depth to the picture
retinal disparity
linear perspective
proximity
closure
112
learned helplessness is most likely to be directly related to
the self-serving bias
the Oedipus complex
unconditional positive regard
an external locus of control
113
What theory of emotion are cognitive psychologists likely to support
social facilitation theory
James-Lange theory
Schachter two-factor theory
opponent process theory
114
Someone who can't move the muscles needed for accurate speech might have brain damage where
Gage's area
Broca's area
Wernicke's area
hippocampus
115
Sigmund Freud made this perspective popular in Western Europe at the turn of the 20th century
evolutionary
behavioral
cognitive
psychoanalytic
116
After studying for weeks and taking an AP exam, Conrad gets the flu. What theory explains this
Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory
Yerkes-Dodson law
Selye's general adaptation syndrome
James-Lange theory of emotion
117
The case study of Phineas Gage was significant because it was one of the the first examples of
a specific brain area associated with emotional changes
treatment with drugs that alter neurotransmission
treating a brain-damaged patient with psychotherapy
using a CAT scan to document the extent of the injury
118
Withdrawal symptoms are most directly caused by this process
dissociation
tolerance
antagonists
activation-synthesis
119
Intelligence researchers like Gardner and Sternberg argue that schools focus too much on
nonessential subjects like art and music
environmental factors that influence intelligence
meeting the needs of students with disabilities
traditional and analytical subjects and methods
120
when first born, humans' dominant sense is
sight
hearing
touch
smell
121
classical conditioning involves __________; operant conditioning involves __________
fixed intervals; variable ratios
pairing stimuli; rewards and punishments
learned responses; physiological reactions
schedules; punishers
122
A low level of glucose in Sam's bloodstream would most likely make him want to
make new friends
go for a run
eat a meal
pursue a romantic interest
123
At what age is the onset of schizophrenia most typical
late 40s
early 20s
puberty
mid 30s
124
Which concept is most relevant to Noam Chomsky's theory of how children learn language
linguistic relativity hypothesis
serial position effect
phonemes and morphemes
language acquisition device
125
Which theory would assert that a key motivation for people is spreading their genetic material
humanistic
psychodynamic
evolutionary
cognitive
126
Someone who can't move the muscles needed for accurate speech might have brain damage where
hippocampus
Broca's area
Wernicke's area
Gage's area