What did Butzlaff find in his study?

70% relapse rates in high EE families,30% in low EE families

Reasons to resist conforming

Social support, Locus of control

Tarrier found what when studying medication+CBT,medication+supportive counselling and a control

Combination groups showed lower symptom levels

Why was Risperidone developed?

Same effectiveness as Clozapine, less severe side effects

What is meant by Free will?

Not all behaviour is determined

Which definition best describes the attachment type insecure- avoidant?

Shows no need for mother and no stranger/separation anxiety

Cognitive psychologists study what?

Mental processes that cannot be directly observed

What uses did Wolfgang suggest for official statistics?

Measure the volume of crime, detect changes in crime rates, Effectiveness of preventative measures, for policy decisions

To find if STM or LTM is acoustically coded

Baddeley and Hitch (1976) procedure?

Digit span and verbal reasoning, Conducted an ppts were asked to do 2 tasks at the same time

What is an overt observation?

When participants are aware they are being observed

What were the two models of offender behaviour proposed by Canter?

The commuter - travelled a distance away from their home, The marauder - close proximity to their home/base

In Harlow’s monkey experiment, he discovered that...

Nature and Nurture are equal when it comes to attachment, Cupboard love is essential for attachment

What did Aschoff and Wever find in their study?

The sleep-wake cycle may be slightly longer than 24 hours, Our sleep-wake cycle is entrained by extraneous zeitgebers

What is the bottom up approach?

Analysis of evidence at the crime scene

The tiny gap where electrical impulses are converted

Which of the following is not an aim of custodial sentencing

Community orders, fines, discharges

Diamond's study cannot be used as supporting evidence because...

Animal studies cannot be applied to humans

What do cognitive explanations state about schizophrenia?

It is caused by dysfunctional though processes

Which of the following is a strength of post mortems?

They improve medical knowledge and help generate hypothesis, Established links between language, brain and behaviour

The right hemisphere of the brain is concerned with

Spatical comprehension, emotions and face recognition

What is an exogenous zeitgeber?

External factors that entrain biological rhythms

What did Brown find? (rr = remission rates)

Patients had lower rr when there was no contact with family

What did Stirling find when comparing 30 schizophrenics and 18 non patients in cognitive tasks?

Patients took over twice as long to name ink colours

What did Crossley find about the side effects?

Atypical drugs caused more weight gain, Typical drugs caused tardive dyskinesia

Atypical antipsychotics bind to what receptors?

Dopamine, serotonin and glutamate

How they interact with the victim helps to understand what?

How they may act in day to day life

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Duplicate of Ultimate Psychology Flashcards | StudBud

Duplicate of Ultimate Psychology

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Questions 610

Answers

1
What did Butzlaff find in his study?
30% relapse rates in high EE families,70% in low EE families
There was no difference in relapse rates
90% relapse rates in high EE families,20% in low EE families
70% relapse rates in high EE families,30% in low EE families
2
Reasons to resist conforming
Social support
Locus of control
Cats
Willpower
3
Tarrier found what when studying medication+CBT,medication+supportive counselling and a control
There was no difference
One combination group showed reduced symptom levels
Combination showed higher symptom levels
Combination groups showed lower symptom levels
4
Desire to be right
NSI
ISI
5
Why was Risperidone developed?
All of the above
Same effecitveness as Cloropromazine
Same effectiveness as Clozapine, less severe side effects
To battle different symptoms
6
Statistical infrequency says behaviour is abnormal if it is rare or unusual
False
True
7
What is meant by Free will?
You are reduced to genes or the environment
All behaviour is determined
Not all behaviour is determined
Personal agency
8
Other routes of gaining knowledge, e.g. common sense are flawed
False
True
9
Which definition best describes the attachment type insecure- avoidant?
Frequently maintains close proximity with mother
Shows no need for mother and no stranger/separation anxiety
Demonstrates large amounts of stranger anxiety
Distressed when not in the presence of their mother
10
Token economy studies rarely have a control group
False
True
11
Lashley's research supported what theory?
Plasticity
Localisation
12
Cognitive psychologists study what?
Mental processes that cannot be directly observed
Some mental processes can be observed, but not others
Mental processes
Mental processes that can be directly observed
13
Sperry's research demonstrated lateralised brain functions
True
False
14
Loftus and Palmer- which verbs were used as the two extremes in the leading questions?
smashed and bumped
Smashed and contacted
Smashed and crashed
Smashed and hit
15
What uses did Wolfgang suggest for official statistics?
Measure the volume of crime, detect changes in crime rates
Effectiveness of preventative measures, for policy decisions
All of the above
To find where crime is more common
16
Which of the following is a limitation of Eysenck's research
There is a cultural bias
Only one personality type is said to cause offening
It can be an exampe of biological determinism
All of the above
17
What concordance rates did Lange find in MZ and DZ twins?
83% MZ and 8% DZ
50% MZ and 36% DZ
100% MZ and 50% DZ
77% MZ and 12% DZ
18
Which type of determinism does this theory show?
Environmental
Biological
Psychic
Nuggets
19
Gender is a psychological term referring to roles/attitudes and behaviour associated with sexes
False
True
20
Baddeley (1966) Aim
To find if STM or LTM is acoustically coded
To find if STM or LTM is semantically coded
21
Baddeley and Hitch (1976) procedure?
Digit span and verbal reasoning
See if two parts of WMM can be used at once
Conducted an ppts were asked to do 2 tasks at the same time
Nuggets
22
What is an overt observation?
When participants are aware they are being observed
When it is carried out in the pp's natural environment
Wen the researcher becomes part of the study as a ppt
Where participants are unaware they are being observed
23
Which of these isn't a finding of Asch's study?
Distortion of perception
Less than 1% gave the wrong answer in the control
75% conformed at least once
Distortion of hearing
24
Which country maintains the lowest percentage of insecure resistant attachments?
Israel
China
Germany
Britain
25
What were the two models of offender behaviour proposed by Canter?
Promity
The commuter - travelled a distance away from their home
Distance
The marauder - close proximity to their home/base
26
In Harlow’s monkey experiment, he discovered that...
Nature and Nurture are equal when it comes to attachment
Rhesus monkeys are smarter than the average human
Cupboard love is essential for attachment
27
What did Aschoff and Wever find in their study?
The sleep-wake cycle does not exist
The sleep-wake cycle may be slightly longer than 24 hours
Our sleep-wake cycle is entrained by extraneous zeitgebers
The sleep-wake cycle may be slightly shorter than 24 hours
28
What is the bottom up approach?
Analysis of the loaction
Analysis of the victim
Analysis of the time
Analysis of evidence at the crime scene
29
The Synapse is
Where the genetic material is contained
The tiny gap where electrical impulses are converted
Carries electrical impulses through the neuron
Gaps in the myelin sheath
30
Which of the following is not an aim of custodial sentencing
Rehabilitation, Stress and depression
Institutionalisation, prisonisation
Community orders, fines, discharges
Deterrence, Incapacitation, Retribution,
31
Type 1 schizophrenia is characterised by what?
Negative symptoms
Positive symptoms
32
Some people who have hallucinations and delusions have normal levels of dopamine
False
True
33
Diamond's study cannot be used as supporting evidence because...
Animal studies cannot be applied to humans
Cultural bias
Lacks internal validity
Deception issues
34
Kohlberg investigated moral reasoning using 10 moral dilemmas
True
False
35
Coding is used as a part of content analysis and produces quantitative data
False
True
36
What do cognitive explanations state about schizophrenia?
It is caused by a persons chromosomes
It is caused by the family
It is caused by dysfunctional though processes
It is aused by genes
37
Scientific laws are generalisable
False
True
38
Which of the following is a strength of post mortems?
Raise ethical issues for consent
They improve medical knowledge and help generate hypothesis
Established links between language, brain and behaviour
Observed damage may be due to unrelated trauma or decay
39
The right hemisphere of the brain is concerned with
Spatical comprehension, emotions and face recognition
Logic, analysis and problem solving
40
Time sampling is when an observer records data at the time it happens
False
True
41
What is an exogenous zeitgeber?
Internal body clocks that regulate biological rhythms
External factors that entrain biological rhythms
42
Congruence is where self concept and ideal self are very similar?
False
True
43
What did Brown find? (rr = remission rates)
Patients had higher rr when there was no contact with family
Family contact had no effect on remission rates
Patients had lower rr when there was no contact with family
Family was irrelevant
44
What did Stirling find when comparing 30 schizophrenics and 18 non patients in cognitive tasks?
Patients were just as good at naming ink colours
Patients took over twice as long to name ink colours
Patients took ten times as long to name ink colours
Patients were three times faster at naming ink colours
45
What did Crossley find about the side effects?
Atypical drugs caused more weight gain
The side effects were the same
There were no side effectives
Typical drugs caused tardive dyskinesia
46
Ralph found that hamsters with an abnormality had a sleep wake cycle of
18 hours
25 hours
23 hours
20 hours
47
The stages of sleep are not an example of an ultradian rhythm
True
False
48
The learning theory suggests that attachment is primary drive
True
False
49
The fight or flight response is within the
ANS
SNS
CNS
PNS
50
Atypical antipsychotics bind to what receptors?
Serotonin and dopamine
Dopamine, serotonin and glutamate
None
Just dopamine
51
How they interact with the victim helps to understand what?
Whether they will offend again
How they may act in day to day life
How old they are
Where thety are from
52
Many of the participants had only recently had their surgery
True
False
53
Distortion of judgement
They believe their own perceptions are innacurate
People who lack self confidence
Didnt understand the task
54
Cocurrent validity is when...
When a study does not measure what it intends too
When results can be generalised outside of the experiment
When results are not consistent over time to society
When results found are similar to previous ones obtained
55
There are problems with adoption studies
True
False
56
Findings of Baddeley
Immediate recall remembered more AD words than AS words.
Immediate recall remembered more AS words than AD words.
20 minute recall remembered more SD to SS
20 minute recall remembered more SS to SD
57
Urbeg (1982) investigated character traits in stories with children aged 3-7. He found that...
Children gave mixed answers about the characters gender
Children were unaware of differences between gender traits
Children assumed gender according to trait stereotypes
58
It did not help to develop CBT
True
False
59
Interactional Synchrony is when the behaviour between the baby and mother becomes...
Synchronised
Indiscriminate
Symmetrical
60
Identify another study which supports Bowbly’s internal working model
Harlow
Schaffer and Emerson
Bailey et al
Lorenz
61
In how many cases in Gottsman and Shields study did both twins develop the condition?
7 out of 12
4 out of 12
12 out of 12
10 out of 12
62
Peterson found in brain scans that the Broca's area was active during reading tasks?
False
True
63
Identify a study which demonstrates poor ecological validity
Zimbardo
Ash
Milgram lad
All of the above
64
We have a conscious mind, a subconscious mind and a unconscious mind
True
False
65
Duration of STM
One minute to forever
Up to ten years if never rehearsed
Two minutes to 80 years
Two minutes to forever
66
Which of these is not a procedure point of Asch's line study?
18 critical trials carried out
They compared comparison lines to a target line
Participants sat in a semicircle so they could see others
The participant usually went last
67
Maslow stated we have a hierarchy of...
wants
potential
needs
achievements
68
If studies can't be replicated the findings will still be accepted
False
True
69
Why is immediate recall likely to be better with acoustically dissimilar words?
Less likely to guess at words
They sound the same
They have the same meaning
Easier to distinguish words from each other
70
What Units is STM measured in?
Second and minutes
Seconds
Hours
Minutes
71
What are victim surveys?
All of the above
Victims give details of crimes that happened to them
People share what they have witnessed
Offenders tell what they have done to others
72
What did Neufeld find when comparing cognitive processes in sufferers and non sufferers?
Sufferers showed long term memory problems
Sufferers took longer to encode stimuli
Sufferers showed short term memory problems
Sufferers didn't take as long to encode stimuli
73
What didn't Houston find?
All of the above
Genes were the main factor
There were no specific vulnerabilities
Childhood sexual trauma was a vulnerability
74
Antipsychotic drugs don't appear to help a significant number of people
True
False
75
Identify the male sex chromosomes
XX
XYY
YX
XY
76
Intersex refers to...
People with increased testosterone
Children born without male hormones
Children born with unclear genitals from chemical imbalances
Children born with male and female hormones
77
It is based on outdated theories of personality
True
False
78
Damage to the Broca's area leads to what?
Speech to be incoherent
Limited reading skills
Speech to be slow and laborious
79
When stimuli was presented to the LVF the participant could point to a matching picture
True
False
80
Negative Reinforcement is?
You avoid something unpleasant
Negative consequence to behaviour
Reward when certain behaviour is performed
81
What is meant by the term sex?
The biological similarities between the two sexes
The psychological differences between men and women
The biological differences between men and women
The mental characteristics of two genders
82
A case study is a study of a large group of people for research
True
False
83
How long does stage 1 of sleep last?
70-90 minutes
120-180 minutes
5 minutes
10-15 minutes
84
When is CBT not effective?
When the patient has a good understanding
When it is alongside drig treatments
When the patient has a clear insight
When the patients condition is too severe
85
Congential adrenal Hyperplasia is a condition where...
Men produce less testosterone
A child experiences high levels of male hormones
Men receive more oestrogen
Women have no oestrogen during puberty
86
What is operant conditioning
Learning through consequence
Learning through association
87
It has been seen that in some cases both hemispheres can perform the same task
False
True
88
What else other than face to face meeting may occur?
Financial restitution
Prison
Shortened sentence
Saying sorry
89
The stimuli were shown too slow to get to the wrong visual field
False
True
90
Studying children can lead to miscommunication. This can further lead to...
Demand characteristics
Researcher bias
Misinterpreted information
Ethical issues
91
What did Read suggest?
Only the environment effects developmentfor the condition
Only genes effect the development of schizophrenia
Early+severe trauma alters the brain,vulnerable tostress
Early and severe trauma has no effect
92
To carry out the mean for a set of data, you subtract the lowest score from the highest score
True
False
93
Does Freud's theory support nature or nature?
Nature
Nurture
Both
Neither
94
Which study demonstrates support for Freud's theory?
Bruce Reimer
Clive wearing
Little Hans
Little Albert
95
Diamond conducted a study on rats were he found that...
Rats rejected testosterone
Levels of oestrogen also increased with testosterone levels
Increased testosterone in womb led to masculine behaviour
No difference was found
96
Name the two laws in Bowbly's Monotropic theory
Law of evolution and cargiverness
Law of nature an nurture
Law of consistency and accumulated separation
Law of deprivation and privation
97
Strength MSM
Primary recency effect provides evidence
Evidence for brain scanning
Over simplified
Role of rehearsal from STM to LTM had been criticised
98
What did Hobbs and Holt fin when implementing token economies for juvenile delinquents
There was a decrese in desirable behaviour
There was no change
There was a increase in indesirable behaviours
There was a significant increase in desired behaviours
99
To improve the validity of a experiment a lie scale can be used
True
False
100
What is restorative justice?
Punishment
Criminals making amends
Community service
Prison
101
What did Lashley find in his study involving rats learning to navigate a maze?
All of the above
No area was more important than another in navigation
Learning appeared to require every part of the cortex
Learning is too complex to be localised
102
Which of the following is a strength of token economy
There are ethical issues
Little rehabilitative value
There is passive token learning
Easy to implement
103
In Mcarthy’s study which attachment type grew to maintain the best relationships
insecure - secure attachment
secure attachment
secure - avoidant attachment
secure - resistent attachment
104
The right hemisphere was considered the analyser
False
True
105
During thematic analysis researchers look for..
Re-occuring themes within the data
Already produced quantitative data
Facts and knowledge of the individual being studied
Specific elements which link to their behavioural categories
106
Which of the following is a strength of the cognitive approach?
It is reductionist
Could be due to demand characteristics
Too artifical, due to lab expemiments
Studies are reliable
107
Brown et al Aim
This did happen
Worse than usual exam performance will lead to more symptoms
108
What a marital schism?
Both parents are preoccupied with their marital problems
One disturbed parent dominates the household
109
The psychodynamic approach suggests that...
All children must go through the electra complex
Identification with their same sex parent is vital
Schemas of childhood experiences are critical
110
What are offender surveys?
Offenders reveal number and types of crimes theyve committed
People give details of crimes they've witnessed
Victims reveal what has happened to them
Offenders give a number of crimes they've witnessed
111
What did Keen find when studying the progress of young offenders
They had increased awareness of their anger difficulties
They had decreased awareness of their difficulties
There was no change
SQUAD
112
Teenagers circadian rhythm starts 2 hours later than those of adults
False
True
113
Why was this study accused of researcher bias?
Bowlby conducted the experiment himself - fixed results
Lacks internal validity
Findings were quantitative data only
Other researchers were jealous
114
There is supporting evidence from twin studies that GID can be inherited
False
True
115
Strengths of deviation from ideal mental health
Most definitions of abnormality are devised by men
Positive approach looking at what to add
A person may be happy with their situation
It is practically impossible for any individual to achieve
116
What are the different types of experimental methods?
NUGGETS
Independent groups, matched pairs, repeated measures
Lab, matched pairs, independent groups, quasi
Lab, field, natural and quasi
117
Mead's theory is criticised for...
Being subjective to researcher bias
Cultural implications which are inaccurate
Containing ethical issues
Demand characteristics from those tribes studied
118
Strength of failure to function adequately
Measurable
Abnormality does not always stop the person functioning
This definition is focused on the individual
Everyday life varies
119
What was the concordance rate of MZ twins found by Gottsman and Shields?
49%
30%
50%
48%
120
The strategies are aimed at reducing stress levels and increasing compliance with medication
True
False
121
There is an evolutionary basis in the menstrual cycle
False
True
122
Which section of the personality is the pleasure principle?
Superego
Ultra-ego
ID
Ego
123
What factors did Farrington find to be associated with criminal behaviour?
Low school achievement+poor parenting
Low school attendance and poor parenting
Good parenting and high school achievement
Low school attendance and good parenting
124
Information received after the event causes proactive interference?
True
False
125
Strengths deviation from social norms
Social norms are culturally specific
Easy to look at and diagnose
Social norms change over time
Social norms can also depend on the situation or contex
126
What is deviation from ideal mental health?
Finding what deviates from Becks criteria
Finding what deviates from Jahodas criteria
127
What fraction of patients stop taking antipsychotics because of the side effects
4/6
4/5
2/3
2/4
128
Why did participants recall more semantically dissimilar to semantically similar words?
When words have meaning they're easier to remember.
Words are stored separately
The words sound more alike
Words are distinguishable
129
What are ultradian rhythms?
A biological rhythm that occurs less than once in 24 hours
A biological rhythm that occurs once every 24 hours
A biological rhythm that occurs more than once in 24 hours
A biological rhythm that never repeats
130
What did Gupta's study show?
The time of day didn't effect performance on IQ tests
People were better at IQ tests at 2pm compared to 7pm&9am
People were better at IQ tests at 9am compared to 2pm&7pm
People were better at IQ tests at 7pm compared to 2pm&9am
131
How have high levels of D2 receptors been recognised?
They haven't been recognised
PET and MRI scans
Post mortems and MRI scans
Post mortems and PET scans
132
Social Learning Approach believes others effect our development
False
True
133
What are the first two stages of attachment?
Pre-attachment and indiscriminate stage
Multiple attachment and discriminate stage
Interactional synchrony, periodic alert stage
Proximity and discriminate stage
134
The Psychodynamic approach states that our childhood experiences highly impact our adult life
True
False
135
The pineal gland releases serotonin
False
True
136
behavioural characteristics of OCD
Obsessions dominate ones thinking and are persistent.
repetitive behavioral responses to neutralise obsessions
Obsessive thoughts often lead to anxiety, worry and distress
137
Classification is not simplistic
True
False
138
What did Leucht find in a meta-analysis? P+N = Positive and negative
The drugs tested were more effective than the placebo
There was no difference
The placebo was more effective than the drugs tested
The drugs were more effective with p+n symptoms
139
The definition of Deviation from social norms is laughing at a funeral
True
False
140
Issues with classification and diagnosis
Imposed etic
Ethnocentric
Co-morbidity
Emic constructs
141
Not Stages of flooding
Crying probs lol
Initially destressed and anxious
Recognisess there is no need for their anxiety
Immediate exposure
142
What were children lacking in these institutions?
The ability to form multiple attachments
Nuggets and cheese
Emotional and cognitive stimulation
143
Excitation is
Neurotransmitter that stimulates a positive reaction
When electrical impulses are converted to chemical messages
Neurotransmitter that stimulates a negative reaction
Brain chemicals released from synaptic vesicles
144
Who proposed the cognitive theory to gender development?
Freud
Green
Kholberg
Skinner
145
What does the dopamine hypothesis state?
None of the above
There is no dopamine which causes schizophrenia
Excess dopamine is associated with symptoms of schizophrenia
Too little dopamine causes symptoms of schizophrenia
146
Tony Mobley tried to use a criminal gene as a defence
True
False
147
Procedural memory example?
Knowing the capital of England is London
Personal memories of events
Riding a bike
148
Children are born with limited schema that grow over time
False
True
149
What do neural correlations suggest?
People with APD show normal EEG patterns
People with APD show abnormal EEG patterns
None of the above
People with APD show normal APD patterns
150
Pinnizotto found what?
In 192 cases, profiling helped in none
In 192 cases profiling helped in 155
In 192 cases, profiling found the offender in them all
In 192 cases profiling helped in 15
151
It is easy to collect data which is free from bias or personal interpretation
True
False
152
What did Johnstone find when comparing ventricle sizes of sufferers and non sufferers
People with schizophrenia had more ventricles
People with schizophrenia have smaller ventricles
People with schizophrenia have enlarged ventricles
People with schizophrenia had no ventricles
153
Studies show that media/television increases the likelihood of children developing stereotypes
False
True
154
The three levels of moral reasoning are
All of the above
Post-conventional reasoning
Conventional reasoning
Pre-conventional reasoning
155
Who did Heston study?
Adopted children who's biological mother had schizophrenia
Non adopted children who's mother had schizophrenia
156
What did Wang and Deutsch find when dopamine was induced in the brain of rats?
No change
Physical impairments
Both physical and cognitive impairments
Cognitive impairments
157
Name the capacity or duration of STM
Limited capacity
Unlimited capacity
Long duration
Short duration
158
Rosenham and seligman-which one is a characteristic?
Violation of moral standards
Suffering
predictability
Maldaptive behaviour
159
Official stats and other measures add up
True
False
160
Which of the following assumptions is true of the biological approach
All behaviour has a physical cause
Behaviour has a genetic link and is inherited
All of the above
Behaviour is explained through chemical imbalances
161
Do genetic disorders support the argument of nature or nurture?
Neither
Nature
It all comes back to nuggets
Nurture
162
What did Patel find in the brains of schizophrenics?
Higher levels of dopamine in the prefrontal cortex
Lower levels of dopamine in the prefrontal cortex
Lower levels of dopamine in the temporal lobes
Higher levels of dopamine in the temporal lobes
163
Post even discussion is...?
When there's more than one witness at an event
Witnesses discuss what they've seen at an event after it
164
What is a weakness neural correlates
All of the above
Lewis found no significant link
Non schizophrenics can also have enlarged ventricles
No cause and effect
165
Which type of attachment is most likely to demonstrate Interactional Synchrony?
Avoidant insecure children
Securely attached children
Insecure resistant children
Deprived children
166
What is a strength of an fMRI scan?
Can only measure blood flow in the brain
Only captures a clear image if the patient isperfectly still
Does not rely on the use of radiation
Difficult to tell what kind of activity is being represented
167
Aim of Asch's study?
Look into compliance vs identification
Test conformity in a completely unambiguous situation
Look into obedience
Line study
168
What dies EPI stand for
Extrovertion Personality Inventory
Eysenck Personality Investigation
Eysenck Personality Inventory
Eysenck Person Inventory
169
What is the social learning approach in terms of the nature or nurture debate?
Nature
Both
Neither
Nurture
170
Mixed results have been found
True
False
171
What is not a side effect of atypical antipsychotics?
A fatal blood disease
Development of diabetes and high cholesterol
Tardive dyskinesia
Excessive weight gain
172
Gilroy Aim
Half also given desensitisation
75% successful treatment
Look at systematic desensitisation as a phobia treatment
Half given relaxation
173
Which country possess the most insecure avoidant attachments?
Germany
Narnia
Madagascar
China
174
What did Yochelson find in their longitudinal study?
2 common thinking patterns were found
88 common thinking patterns were found
No common thinking patterns were found
52 thinking patterns were found to be common
175
What did Short find in a questionnaire given to 176 school children
Delinquent behaviour was low
All of the above
no correlation between deliquent behaviour and friends
A correlation between delinquent beahviour and friends
176
A disadvantage of volunteer sampling is that personality types can interfere with results
True
False
177
What is the restorative justice council
Indepedant body who's role is to establish clear standards
A group of judges
Civilians
Linked body who's role is to establish clear standards
178
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a disorganised offender?
First/last born
Socially inadequate
Plan the crime
Frightened/confused at the time
179
What did Siffre find in his study?
His sleep-wake settled naturally at around 23 hours
His sleep-wake cycle settled naturally at around 25 hours
His sleep-wake cycle continuously changed duration
180
Humanism believes in...
Free will
Determinism
181
Animal studies can be generalised humans?
False
True
182
Bandura Bobo doll study Aim
To investigate whether aggression can be learnt
Kids were given a room of toys they couldnt play with
1/3 of the children who observed aggressive models copied
Children who saw no aggression didnt act aggressivelly
183
Only about 25% of crimes are included in official figures
True
False
184
Androgyny refers to an individual who possesses a balance of both masculine and female hormones
False
True
185
The axon of the neuron
Carries the electical impulses away from the cell body
Communicates with the dendrites of other neurons
Contains the genetic material of the cell
Are gaps in the myelin sheath
186
In which case was geographical profiling successful?
Ted Bundy
None of the above
John Duffy
Adrian Babb
187
Identify the name of the study carried out by Bowlby into maternal deprivation
40 juvenile thugs
44 affection less psychopaths
44 juvenile thieves
44 Chicken nugget thieves
188
Identify the two main characteristics which were present within the children
Dis-inhibited attachment and mental retardation
Dis-inhibited retardation and faulty thinking
Interactional synchrony and mental rehabilitation
189
Failure to function adequately is if they are unable to cope with the demands of everyday life
True
False
190
LTM coding capacity and duration respectively
Semantic. unlimited, Lifetime
acoustic, limited, short
191
Who conducted the study into Romanian orphans?
Rutter
Rutter and Soneua
Lucas et al
Bowlby and Bailey
192
What is an inference?
Decisions
Conclusions about non observed processes
Hypothesis
Conclusions on observed processes
193
What did Folkard's study show?
Our circadian rhythm can be easily overridden
Our circadian rhythm cannot be easily overridden
194
Interanal mental processes are influenced by our schema because
They form all of our ideas
They do not help
They help us to interpret and organise information
They keep information apart
195
What was Bedlam known for?
More facilities that anywhere else
Ill-treatment of the mentally ill
Good treatment of the mentally ill
Better drug treatments
196
Which of the following is a strength of Lombrosso's research?
It included scientific racism
None of the above
Being rejected by society may be the cause
Poverty could be the actual cause
197
Srength of Asch's study?
Child of its time-McCarthyism Perrin and Spencer
This study is a paradigm for conformity
Very cost effective
Biased sample-ethnocentric
198
How many strategies did Pharaoh find to improve family functioning?
0
7
4
19
199
Miller findings...
All of the above
"Magic number 7" (7+/-2 items in STM)
Chunking into meaningful understanding can increase capacity
7+/-2 chunked pieces can be held
200
What has been used to study different areas within the brain?
EEG
PET
Post mortem
MRI
201
What is a Phenotype
Environmental factors
Personality
Brain structure
Genetic makeup
202
Motor neurons
Information from the environment is sent from eyes, ears ect
Carry messages away from the brain and spinal cord
Carry electrical impulses from the receptors
Are found in our visual system, brain and spinal cord
203
What did Buchsbaum's find in MRI scans?
Schizophrenics had abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex
Schizophrenics had abnormalities in the frontal lobes
Schizophrenics had abnormalities I never the temporal lobes
There were no abnormalities
204
Artificial light would have no effect on the biological rhythm
True
False
205
Whitely concluded that those who score high masculinity scores appear to be...
More active
More able to consume more nuggets
Psychologically healthier
Of a higher IQ of general knowledge
206
In which case did offender profiling fail?
Rachel Nickell
Adrian Babb
Ted Bundy
John Duffy
207
This kind of research is considered a field experiment
False
True
208
The dopamine hypothesis I shall reductionist and deterministic
True
False
Literally everything psychology is lol
209
What is the following is a weakness of anger management
Acknowledges that offending is complex
More likely to lead to permanant change
Most may count for little when put in certain situations
They are expensive to run
210
Distortion of action
ISI
Conform to avoid being different
NSI
Believe they are seeing it wrong
211
Schonenberg found what when showing offenders emotionally ambiguous expressions
They percieved them as friendly
They percieved them as violent and hostile
They could not suggest an emotion
They percieved them as confused and afraid
212
Which is the best statistical test to use for correlations?
All of the above
Pearson's
Chi- squared
Spearman's Rho
213
Lidz created what ideas?
Marital schemes and marital scores
Marital schisms and marital skews
Marital schisms and marital scores
Marital schemes and marital skews
214
What is the usual level of significance used by researcher?
00.5
0.02
0.01
0.05
215
Which is not a mediational process?
Motivation
Retention
Attention
Repoductted
216
The synchrony in the mentrual cycle found in studies could not be due to chance
True
False
217
NICE does not recommend art therapy
False
True
218
Schizophrenics have an abnormally high amount of D2 receptors
True
False
219
What were the conditions in Ireland's study
All of the above
One took part in anger management
One was a non treatment control
One took part in anger mangement
220
What is the main form of treatment for schizophrenia?
Psychological treatment
Drugs
221
Previous research showed that this surgery may be less severe than frontal lobotomies
True
False
222
He used his finding to develop how many stages of moral reasoning?
12
2
6
9
223
Cognitive (What do you THINK) characteristics of OCD
Obsessive thoughts often lead to anxiety, worry and distress
Obsessions dominate ones thinking and are persistent
Obsessive thoughts often lead to anxiety, worry and distress
224
Which of the following is a strength of victim surveys?
They can assess attitude towards crime
Do not include victimless crimes
More likely to include what has not been reported to police
Under represent certain crimes
225
Hostile attribution bias is believing others are out to get them
False
True
226
Which of these isn't a stage of minority social influence and social change
Snowball effect
SocIAL CHANGE
Consistency
Augmentation principle
227
What is the function of the Pineal Gland?
Releases adrenaline
Secretes hormones that help develop a healthy immune system
Triggers the flight or flight response
Releases melatonin, recognises when it's time to go to sleep
228
Milgram initial study aim?
To see if the Nazi soldiers were particularly obedient
To look into the context of obedience
See how state effects obedience
229
What is a leading question?
A question which is phrased to suggest a certain answer
A question ppts interpret wrong
230
What did Sensky find?
CBT was more effective than drug therapies
CBT was effective where drug therapies were not
Neitehr were effective
CBT was not as effective as drug treatments
231
Melatonin is thought to be implicated in SAD
True
False
232
Identify the main female hormone
Testosterone
Adrenaline
Oestrogen
Oeastragon
233
What did Crossley examine in his meta-analysis
The effiacy and side effects of typical and atypical drugs
The side effects of atypical drugs
The side effects of typical drugs
The effectiveness of atypical drugs
234
Which of the following statements is a criticism of the biological approach?
Led to the development of drug treatments
Diagnosis is subjective and can lead to mistakes
Paved the way for the development of cognitive neuroscience
Uses objective and observable techniques
235
Procedure points Jacobs (1887)
Ppts remembered a list of digits to repeat back in order
Ppts remembered 5-9 words depending on IQ
Ppts recalled digits in any order
ppts remembered a list to repeat backwards
236
DeCoursey disconnected the SCN in Chipmunks
True
False
237
It shows both biological determinism and biological reductionism
False
True
238
Which of the following is a strength of custodial sentences
Opportunities for training and training
Psychological harm may be done in prison
They may be universities for crime
Stigma is involved
239
What animal did Pavlov use?
Horses
Rats
Dogs
Birds
240
What did the Tan case study show?
That there was no Broca's area
Different areas can peform the same function
Certain functions can be localised to specific areas
241
Findings not from Milgram
3 had seizures
65% went to 450v
100% went to 300v
6% sent to 400v
242
What did Novaco when looking at cognitive factors and emotional responses
Anger management is effective
Anger is bad
Some people are very angry
In some people anger is quick to surface
243
What is EWT?
Free recall
The ability off people to remember events such as accidents
Unstructured interviews
244
Assumptions of the humanist approach
Rejection of scientific method
Importance of the experience of the individual
Negative view of human nature
Animal studies are helpful
245
Repression is when anxiety impulses are redirected and displaced onto other appropriate targets
False
True
246
The evidence for family therapy is strong
True
False
247
What did Takahashi find (comparing electrical activity in 420 sufferers and 247 non sufferers)
Changes in tone were severly limited in schizophrenics
Schizophrenics were better at detecting changes in tone
Non sufferers were worse at detecting changes in tone
There was no difference at all
248
Behavioural categories need to be...
Time sampled
Known to the participant to reduced deception
Operationalised
Spread out evenly
249
Sperry concluded what from his research?
People with split brains have 2 separate visual inner worlds
The second hempishere is unaware of what the first is doing
SB patients have 2 independant streams of consciousness
All of the above
250
Why is Freud's theory deterministic?
It rejects the idea of free will
Demonstrates multiple ethical issues
It only supports the nurture debate
It does not take other theories into consideration
251
Schemas can hinder new information
False
True
252
The dopamine hypothesis is not oversimplified
True
False
253
Stength of statistical infrequency
Many rare behaviours don't effect abnormality
no distinguishing between good and undesirable behaviour.
The statistical approach helps to set specific cut off point
The decision of where to start classification is arbitrary
254
Public agreement, private disagreement?
identification
Internalisation
Normative
Compliance
255
What are the two main explanations within the learning theory of attachment?
Evolutionary principle
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Biological explanation
256
What did Kavanagh find?
3.7 times less likely to relapse if they lived with family
10 times more likely to relapse if they lived with family
Family was irrelevant
3.7 times more likely to relapse if they lived with family
257
What does the diathesis stress model suggest?
Neither the enviroment or predisposition is accountable
The envionment causes schizophrenia
Some people have a predisposition and stressors trigger it
A predisposition causes schizophrenia
258
Identity the main problem with using case studies to support theories
The lack of qualitative data
Studies often lack internal validity
Results cannot be generalised due to small sample
Demand characteristics from participants
259
What is the SCN
A bundle of cells located in the prefrontal cortex
A bundle of cells located in the hypothalamus
A bundle of cells located in the cerebellum
A bundle of cells located in the amygadala
260
One reasons Freud's theory is not scientific is due to it not being falsifiable
True
False
261
What are roles conditions of worth?
Parents who only love their childreni n certain conditions
Rogers suggested you need unconditional positive regard
Low selfesteem is bc of lackof unconditional positive regard
262
Miles research supports biological rhythms
True
False
263
Community care is inadequate as people need close supervision for compliance with medication
False
True
264
What is the difference between sex and gender?
They mean the same thing
Sex is changeable wheres gender is fixed
Gender is changeable whereas sex is fixed
265
What is a Genotype
Environmental factors
Genetic makeup
Personality
Brain structure
266
What could result from an inability to supress automatic responses?
Disorganised speech and thought disorders
Inability to move
Failure to perform everyday functions
No change
267
What does chlorpromazine do?
Blocks pre synaptic sites
Blocks post synaptic receptor sites
Things and stuff
Nothing
268
What was the concordance rate of DZ twins found by Gottsman and Shields?
20%
17%
13%
15%
269
Bem's BRSI questionnaire study has high test-retest reliability due to supporting evidence
True
False
270
Which of the following is an issue with drug therapies?
All of the above
They are not a cure, they just treat symptoms
Patients may become dependent on drugs
Drugs are chemical straitjackets
271
Bowlby's study of 44 thieves supports this theory
True
False
272
Candidate genes have not been found for offender behaviour
True
False
273
Disruption of circadian rhythms by jet lag can effect performance and alertness
True
False
274
Which of these is a possible way to describe abnormality
Lack of deviation from social norms
failure to function adequately
Lack of deviation from ideal mental health
Statistical frequency
275
What is a schema?
Mental or cognitive framework
Unshared opinions
Environmental factors
Ideas formed by others
276
What are four categories of defining crime?
Historical, country, politics, reason
Historical, country, politics, intent
Historical, culture, politics, intent
Futuristic, culture, politics, intent
277
Mechelli found what about bilingual people and those who spoke one language?
There was no difference in the cortex size
A larger parietal cortex in bilingual people
A larger parietal cortex in people who spoke one language
278
What is the three stages of anger management
All the above
Cognitive preparation
Skill acquisition
Application practice
279
Where were treatments and management in post 1950?
Large asylums
Hospitals
Home
There was no where for them, they had not yet been developed
280
First section of the Multi store Model is Called the sensory register?
False
True
281
The biological approach is deterministic
True
False
282
Significance level does not determine whether a hypothesis is directional/non directional
True
False
283
Limitation of behavioural approach
Moerer's two process model gives insight into phobias
Free Will
Scientific methods
Reductionist
284
Mead's research helps us solve the nature/nurture debate
True
False
285
What Experiment shows classical conditioning of pphobias
lil John
lil pete
Lil Trevor
Lil albert
286
Systematic desensitisation is used to treat phobias?
False
True
287
Out of the only three studies where random allocation was used, how many showed improvements?
2
3
0
1
288
What are the two types of offender?
Tidy and messy
Organised and messy
Organised and disorganised
Tidy and disorganised
289
A neurotransmitter is
A tiny gap between neurons
Something that triggers the release of chemical mesages
Brain chemicals that carry messages from 1neuron to another
Tiny sacks
290
Bem carried out a study into...
Measuring Androgyny with various gender characteristics
Intersex twins
Gender neutral children
50 transgender children under the age of 15
291
Why is psychology considered a pre-science?
It has too many methods to compare
It does not have a shared set of assumptions
All of the assumptions are shared
Too broad
292
Family therapy is based on the idea that the family are not involved in relapse rates
True
False
293
Freud stated that girls have a weaker superego than boys
False
True
294
Desire to Be liked?
ISI
NSI
295
What division of the ANS brings the body back to normal?
Sympathetic division
Parasympathetic division
296
Emotional (How do you FEEL?) Characteristics
repetitive responses to neutralise these obsessions
Obsessions dominate ones thinking and are persistent
Obsessive thoughts often lead to anxiety, worry and distress
297
Zhou et al discovered that at the age of 5...
60% of male ventricles were small than women's
40% of women's brains were larger than men's
40% of male stria terminalis central divisions were larger
50% of grey matter was found more in me's brains
298
A phobia is an adaptive fear
True
False
299
Which of the following is a strength?
None of the above
Doesn't explain why tenancies may cease with age
Does not account for the performance of criminal behaviour
Over simplistic
300
Identify the main problem with Lorenz's study
Cannot be generalised to humans
Ethical issues
Demand characteristics
Lacks ecological validity
301
What type of determinism is the cognitive approach to gender development?
Soft determinism
Minimum determinism
Hard determinism
Biological determinism
302
The communication between neurons is known as
Synaptic transformation
Synaptic transfer
Synaptic transmission
Systematic transmission
303
What are the three types of biological rhythms?
Circadian, Ultradian and Infradian
Systematic, Circadian, Ultradian
Intradian, Circadian, Ultradien
Systematic, Circadian, Infradian
304
Peterson found in brain scans that the Wernicke's area was active during listening tasks?
False
True
305
What does this suggest?
No cause
They are different conditions
The same cause
Different causes
306
An explanation for GID is the biological theory that men/women's brain structures are different
True
False
307
What is a paradigm?
Facts of behaviour
A set of assumptions that are not shared
A shared set of assumptions
Assumptions
308
Police record crimes differently
True
False
309
What did Eysenck and Eysenck find when studying 2070 male prisoners and 2422 male controls
Prisoners only scored higher on P
Prisoners scored higher on P and N
Prisoners scored higher on E and N
Prisoners scored higher on P, E and N
310
Identify the two ways interviews could become more reliable
Maintain standardised procedures and reduce ethical issues
Operationalise behaviour categories + use leading questions
Avoid leading questions and researchers should have training
311
Strengths of Zimbardo study
Zimbardo both observed and partook
prisoners and guards randomly allocated
Very ethical
Lack of replication
312
Who conducted the study focused on the brain of London taxi drivers?
Maguire
Sperry
Draganski
Mechelli
313
Why did lobotomies fall out of common use?
They become less effective
They were too dangerous
Drug development
They didn't
314
Findings not from Zimbardo
6 day study instead of 14
Guards took to their roles with more vigour than prisoners
450v
At day two prisoners started ripping off their numbers
315
Freud's theory is known for having little supporting evidence
True
False
316
Desynchronization has a large effect on shift workers
True
False
317
The Social learning theory suggests that gender is acquired through identification/imitation
False
True
318
Mednick found what when studying adopted and biological parents on offending behaviour
Criminal biological+non crimial adoptive were more likely
Both were needed to be criminal
Neither had an effect
Criminal adoptive+non criminal biological were more likely
319
What is a weakness of drug therapy?
Cole found drugs were 75% more effective than a placebo
They may still suffer from severe negative symptoms
1/4 of patients don't respond to drug therapy
16% failed to recover after 12 months
320
The left hemisphere was considered the synthesiser
True
False
321
What did Godwin and Canter find?
55% of offenders lived in a circle of their offences
10% of offenders lived in a circle of their offences
85% of offenders lived in a circle of their offences
27% of offenders lived in a circle of their offences
322
Identity a practical application made from Freud's theory
Knowledge of phobias and classical conditioning
A better understanding of the nature/nurture approach
Cognitive behavioural therapy
The development of Psychoanalysis therapy
323
The Parietal lobe is where what is located?
Our awareness or consciousness
Vision
Auditiory processing and memory
Sensory and motor movements
324
The interactionist approach is reductionist
False
True
325
Which of the following is a strength of offender surveys?
They are not reliable, people may lie
Some types of crimes are overrepresented
They show victimless crimes
Focus is on juvenile rather than adult crime
326
Who found that the menstrual cycle can be effected by exogenous cues?
Russell
Adams
327
What did Milgram's colleagues expect in his study using common sense?
Around 80% would give the 450V shock
That only 1% of participants would give the 450V shock
No one would give the 450V shock
Everyone would give the 450V shock
328
What is a hypothesis
A statement made at the beginning of the study (predication)
What the study is about
The aim of the study
The procedure
329
What is a strength of family dysfunction? (FA = Family atmosphere)
Historically led to parent blaming
1 child in a family may have it but not other, not explained
A correlation has been seen between schizophrenia and FA
1% rates across cultures although EE varies quite a lot
330
Scientists have proposed that women are better at..
Multitasking
Long distance sight
Memory
Reading and writing skills
331
The SCN is the main endogenous pacemaker
False
True
332
Humanistic Approach is...
Reductionist
Idiographic
Holistic
Nomothetic
333
For the SD of a set of scores, if there is a larger dispersion of scores the results are...
Non of the above
Further away from the mean
Exactly the same as the mean
Closer to the mean
334
Testosterone is responsible for increased aggression in men
True
False
335
The endocrine system and ANS work together the stimulate the fight or flight response?
False
True
336
Which of the following is a strength of Freud's theory
Plausable reason for crimes that have no poosible reason
Some crimes aren't caused by irrational ID behaviour
Many who don't have a same sex parent aren't criminals
They are deterministic
337
Most of the evidence for the dopamine hypothesis comes from drug treatments
True
False
338
Who was the control group in this study?
There was no control group
Corn flakes
Non adopted children with no history of schizophrenia
Adoptive children with no family history of schizophrenia
339
Which of the following is not a characteristic of an organised offender?
Leaves fewer clues
Lives alone
Covers tracks
Skilled job
340
Identify a behaviour the monkey’s later demonstrated in their adult life
Gained increased cognitive abilities
Neglected their young
Maintained healthy relationships with their offspring
Unskilled at mating
341
Oestrogen is responsible for mood swings, emotional outbursts and irritability in women
True
False
342
Minimalisation is trying to downplay the seriousness of an offence
False
True
343
Empirical data is collected through experiment or experience
False
True
344
What is brain plasticity?
Functions can only be done in one area of the brain
Lost functions are taken over by other areas of the brain
345
When shown to which visual field, the participants could describe the object with language
Right visual field
Left visual field
346
Which statement best outlines his finding?
Privation is the result of separation from the mother
Children who do not form attachments will turn to crime
Deprivation is not the cause of affection less psychopaths
Frequent separation leads to affection less psychopaths
347
There is a problem in establishing causality with the dopamine hypothesis
True
False
348
In most people, the Broca's and Wernickes areas are found in which hemisphere?
Left
Right
349
There were 12 critical trials?
False
True
350
What did Dooley find when looking at suicides in prisons
Depression is likely to contribute to suicides in prisons
All of the above
There was no cause
Schizophrenia leads to most suicides in prisons
351
The biological approach supports
Nurture
Nature
352
What is the second stage of the Psycho-Sexual stages?
Latent stage
Oral stage
Anal stage
Phallic stage
353
Classical conditioning is...?
Learning through consequence
Learning through association
354
It is not exclusive to those from deprived backgrounds
True
False
355
The US topologies are based in small samples
True
False
356
What happened in the case of Phineas Gage?
His personality drastically changed
His Wernickes area was damaged
His Broca's area was damaged
His personality remained the same
357
Symptoms of SAD are low mood and a general lack of interest in life
True
False
358
What gland releases ACTH?
Adrenal gland
Pineal gland
Thyroid gland
Pituitary gland
359
The bottom up approach cannot be used in real life
False
True
360
What did Koscis and Irwin find when looking at serial rapes and arson in Australia?
They did not live in a circle of their offences
They lived in a circle of their offences
They lived very far from where they were committing crimes
They lived extremely close to their crimes
361
Why do women produce more Oxytocin than men?
Women have menstrual cycle and men do not
Childbirth purposes such as lactation
It is produced in women due to chemical imbalances
Women have a choice to receive more oxytocin when pregnant
362
Bowlby’s evolutionary principle states that attachment is innate due to the desire to survive
False
True
363
Identify the correct order of Kholberg's stages of gender cognitive development
Gender stability , gender consistency and gender identity
Gender identity, gender stability and gender constancy
Gender fluctuation, gender identity and gender consistency
Gender constancy, gender identity and gender stability
364
Roughly how many children were placed in institutions after the banning of Romanian abortions?
10,000
100,000
101,000
110,000
365
What is declarative memory?
Facts and knowledge
Events
Knowing that
Knowing how
366
Whose study looked at female sexual behaviour and the menstrual cycle?
Stern and McClintock
Adams
Russell
367
What is the top down approach?
Analysis just of the victim
None of the above
Analysis of the location
Analysis of the crime scene, the victim+ existing knowledge
368
What didn't Fromm-Reichman suggest?
There was a cold and domineering schizophrenogenic father
The was a cold and domineering schizophrenogenic mother
There was a warm and complacent mother
There was a warm and complacent father
369
Turner Syndrome suffers have a XO chromosome pattern
True
False
370
The top down approach only applies to particular crimes
False
True
371
What is the chromosome pattern for someone who has Klienfelter's syndrome?
XO
YXX
XXY
XXX
372
What recognises a stressor and activates the sympathetic division of the ANS?
Pineal gland
Pituitary gland
Hypothalamus
Adrenal gland
373
Aim of Zimbardos study?
Conformity
Conformity to social roles
Conformity to an authority figure
Obedience
374
What details can be matched on a database?
Location, place of birth
All of the above
Age and sex
Personal history and family background
375
Which of the following sampling techniques have problems with time consumption?
Random sampling, stratified sampling and systematic sampling
Stratified sampling and opportunity sampling
Opportunity sampling, volunteer sampling and random sampling
Opportunity sampling and random sampling
376
Which of the following is a strength of CBT
Only participants that have self-awareness can participate
There are high dropout rates due to intensity
Kuipers found a 40% reduction in severity of symptoms
Patients become dependant on a therapies
377
An important theoretical model is based on what?
Information processing
Influences
Memory
Cognitive functions
378
Studies have been criticised for having no exposure to light
False
True
379
Who carried out a study into imprinting?
Lorenz
Harlow
Pavlov
Milgram lad
380
Money and Erdhardt set up the case study of...
Brad Riener
Bruce Reimer
Berlinda Reimer
Brenda Ruemer
381
What is a disadvantage of Bem's study?
Demand characteristics for desirable behaviour
Relies on having insight into personality- Not everyone does
Lack of right to withdraw
Poor reliability
382
What is the dark figure of crime?
Petty crimes
Crimes that go unreported
All crimes
More serious crimes
383
What is a problem with Gottsman and Shields study?
Their environments were too different
They would have had the same prenatal environment
Their envirnments were the same
Can not tell how different their environments were
384
What did Canter find from data from 100 murderers?
Organised and disorganised classification worked
There was a subset of disorganised byt not organised
There was a subset of organised but not disorganised
There was a subset of characteristics for boh
385
According to Meehl, what will happen under stress to someone with no predisposition?
It depends on the amount of stress
Under no circumstances will they develop the condition
They will implode
They will still develop the condtion
386
What is a advantage of systematic sampling?
Reduces the chances of ethical issues
Reduces the chance of researcher bias
Decreases the likelihood of demand characteristics
A smaller sample needed
387
which isn't a stage of systematic desensitisation
Relaxation
Flooding
Anxiety Hierarchy
Exposure
388
Who studied the brains of students before and after their exams?
Mechelli
Maguire
Draganski
Sperry
389
Outline the typical male stereotype
Loves shopping
Commitment phobic
Solves argument with silent treatment
Takes care of children
390
It states the human mind uses coding to change, input and store Satan to then retrieve it later
True
False
391
The criminal personality is
EP
PN
EN
PP
392
How was Adrian Babb discovered?
He was caught at the scene
All of the above
Forensic evidence
Because of how he treated his victims
393
What animal did skinner use?
cats
Dogs
NUGGETS
rats
394
What age does separation anxiety normally develop in infants?
From birth to 3 months
8-9 months
2- 10 months
6-8 months
395
A correlation illustrates the strength of a association between two co-variables
True
Falslse
396
What is a marital skew?
Both parents are preoccupied with their marital problems
One disturbed parent dominates the household
397
What did Lombrosso suggest about offenders?
All of the above
They could be identified using their characteristics
They were incapable of distinguishing right from wrong
They displayed characteristics suitable for primitve times
398
Freud proposed 4 sections to the structure of personality
True
False
399
What is a disadvantage of a covert observation?
Ethical issues of deception
Increases face validity of study
More ecological validity
Reduced demand characteristics
400
An fMRI scan is
A record of the tiny electrical impulses
Brain's response to specific sensory/cognitive/motor events
The brain is ananlysed after death
A method used to measure brain activity during tasks
401
What is offender profiling?
An geographical sketch of the perpetrator
A biographical sketch of the perpetrator
An environmental sketch of the perpetrator
A biological sketch of the perpetrator
402
An advantage of the mean is that..
Is extremely time consuming
It is easily distorted with extreme values
It is more representative for entire sets of data
It is most sensitive to all values in the data
403
Blackburn suggested three types of superego that may cause offending, these are
Weak, deviant and over-harsh
Weak, deviant, over-soft
Strong, deviant and over-harsh
Weak, denial and over-harsh
404
Not part of Ellis' ABC
Consequences
Belief
Dog
Activating event
405
The biological approach is reductionist
False
True
406
What technique is not used in CBT
Question where the voices have originated from
Positive self-talk
Setting homework
Keeping count of the amount of hallucinations/delusions
407
What is the function of the Pituitary Gland?
Helps the maintain healthy blood sugar levels
Triggers the fight or flight response
Produces male sex hormones
Regulates calcium and phosphorous, promotes healthy bones
408
What is one weakness of the role of genes?
It can take place due to a mutation in paternal sperm cells
There is also evidence for environmental factors
The theory is deterministic and reductionist
All of the above
409
What is an endogenous pacemaker?
External cues that entrain our biological rhythms
Internal body clocks that regulate biological rhythms
410
A limitation of modelling studies is that..
They have low ecological validity-artificial behaviour
They suffer from demand characteristics from children
The findings are mainly qualitative data-Not enough analysis
Ethical issues with children
411
How many participants were there in asch's study?
1
7
9
8
412
Identify a criticism with the Internal working model
Influence of demand characteristics
No supporting evidence
Good practical applications
Deterministic
413
Which isnt a component of the WMM
Processor
Central executive
Phonological loop
Episodic buffer
414
Identify the four mediational processes outlined in the SL theory
Motivation, attendance, retention and reproductism
Attention, retention, reproduction and modification
Attention, retention, reproduction and motivation
Affection, reduction, reproduction and motivation
415
Atypical antipsychotics are newer
False
True
416
Which statement best describes the Ego?
The morality principle and is part of the ego
Motivated by pleasure principle
Reality principle and in constant conflict with superego/ID
Part of superego and cannot be accessed
417
Who did Ripke compare in his study on candidate genes?
113,000 patients to 37,000 controls
370 patients to 113 controls
113 patients to 370 controls
37,000 patients to 113,000 controls
418
What does cognitive neuroscience study and explain?
Genes and chromosomes
Cognitive processes and behaviour, brain mechanisms
Schemas
Internal mental processes
419
Name a practical application made from this study
Allows social workers to explain dysfunctional children
All of the above
Parents are able to stay with their children in hospitals
Contributes to the nature/nurture debate
420
The cognitive approach looks at internal mental processes
True
False
421
Which psychologist is the main pioneer for Self actualisation?
Maslow
Harlow
Pavlov
Farrington
422
Which of the following is a strength of token economies?
They do not treat positive symptoms
They are time consuming
They do not have side effects, like drug treatments do
Patient's behaviour may be superficial
423
People with delinquent tendencies may choose delinquent friends
True
False
424
Campbell stated that profiles are vague and ambiguous
True
False
425
Sutherland suggested that if behaviour is not reinforced it will be repeated
True
False
426
What is recidivism
Not reoffending
Prison capacity
Refers to reoffending
Token ecomony
427
What did Tienari find when investigating genetic vulnerability and parenting styles
Parenting styles were the only important thing
Both genetic vulnerability and parenting were important
Genetic vulnerability was the only important thing
Neither were important
428
Boys go through the electra complex to identify with their father and oedipus complex for girls
False
True
429
The aim of family therapy is to reduce conflict and high emotion amongst families
True
False
430
What were the conditions in Paul and Lentz's study?
The control ward - drug treatment
Social learning ward - token economy
All three
Milieu therapy ward - patients treated as normal, not ill
431
Inhibition is
Neurotransmitter that stimulates a postive reaction
When electrical impulses are converted to chemical messages
Brain chemicals relseased from synaptic vesicles
Neurotransmitter that stimulates a negative reaction
432
The way we behave is used to make what about what is happening in our brains?
Hypothesis
Schemas
Inferences
Decisions
433
A disadvantage of the attachment stages is that it ignores the influence of playmates.
False
True
434
Which of these is not a Zimbardo procedure point?
Stanford uni mock prison
Randomly allocated prisoner and guard
Dehumanising ppts and home arrests
set up to a shock generator
435
Does the case of Phineas Gage support the localisation theory?
Yes
No
436
What happened when the stimuli was shown to the left visual field?
The participant could describe the object
The participant could name the object
The participant reported seeing nothing
The participant reported seeing a flash of light
437
What does parsimonious mean?
Not making any assumptions
Explaining something with the fewest possible assumptions
Explaining something with the most possible assumptions
Using only assumptions
438
What else did Sperry look at?
Plasticity of brain functions
Damage to brain functions
Lateralisation of brain functions
Areas where functions are performed
439
Sex-role stereotypes are...
Behaviour considered to be carried out by specific genders
Bullshite
Considerable appropriate and typical behaviour for men/women
All of the bellow
440
STM coding, capacity. Duration respectively
Acoustic, 7+/-2, 20-30 seconds
Semantic, unlimited. lifetime
441
Participants undertook a variety of what type of tests?
Visual and auditory
Visual and tactile
Sensory
Auditory and tactile
442
What are hormones?
receptors
Chemical substances
Non of these
Inherited genes
443
What did Raine find in the brain of APD suffers?
A 15% reduction in the volume of grey matter
an 80% reduction in the volume of grey matter
An 11% reduction in the volume of grey matter
There was no difference in the volume of grey matter
444
SAD stands for seasonal anxiety disorder
False
True
445
Jacobs (1887) aim
Test LTM capacity
Test STM capacity
Test STM duration
Test LTM duration
446
What is a reason for the psychodynamic approach not being scientific?
Good explanations and understanding but lacks in other areas
Covers all areas needed
It's completely unscientific
Good explanatory poower but lacks understanding
447
What is geographical profiling
All information
Information about the location of linked crime scenes
Information about crime scenes
Information about the location of unlinked crime scenes
448
What does an EEG allow?
Detect which areas of the brain are active
Events can be isolated through statistical analysis
Diagnosis of certain conditions of the brain
Observed behaviour to be linked to abnormalities
449
Which of the following is not a side effect of lobotomies?
Lethargy
Major personality changes
Better physical health
Eplilepsy
450
The original model saw genes as the major source
True
False
451
What is an internal mental process?
The way you are feeling
The way we interact with the environment
Internal workings of the mind that process information
External cues
452
What may restorative justice involve?
May involve the victim and offender meeting
Offences like anti social behaviour
Must volunteer to use the approach
All of the above
453
There is counter evidence from Tricher implying that testosterone does not effect aggression
False
True
454
Antipsychotics are best in low doses to control relapse rates
False
True
455
What are the key feature of the process
Not restricted to court rooms
Focus of acceptance of responsibility
Active rather than passive, focus on positive outcomes
All of the above
456
Defence mechanisms are used to...
To reduce anxiety when the ego is in conflict
To increase acknowledgement of the superego
To bring us back into the conscious mind
To reduce anxiety in the ID
457
A child can only form and attachment bond to a single-caregiver
True
False
458
Amphetamines don't stimulate nerve cells and decrease dopamine activity
True
False
459
Identify the correct attachment behaviour shown in infants
Deprivation
Privation
Proximity
Separation anxiety
460
Megargee found what?
A very angry group of individuals
A group that are incapable of showing anger
A group that express anger easily
A sub group that cant express their anger normally
461
What is an infradian rhythm?
A rhythm that never repeats
A biological rhythm that occurs every 24 hours
A biological rhythm that occurs less than once every 24hrs
A biological rhythm that occurs more than once every 24hrs
462
There is an underrepresentation of some crimes
False
True
463
Jacob found...
Average span 7-9
Average span of 5-9
464
The pattern of offender is likely to form a square around their usual residence
True
False
465
If the results are significant the alternate hypothesis is excepted
True
False
466
Other psychological treatments that are less well known can be helpful
False
True
467
Identify 3 behaviour categories used to test attachment in Ainsworth’s strange situation
Separation excitement, exploration and privation
interactional synchrony, cargiverness and mimicking
Secure, insecure avoidant and insecure resistant
Proximity , secure base/exploration and reunion response
468
Snook suggested what about profiles?
They were detailed
They were bad
They were little more than common sense
They were able to provide a lot of information
469
What did Farrington find in their longitudinal study? (LSA = low school achievement)
It was purely biologcal
Key risk factors included: family criminality, povery
Risk factors included: Poor parenting LSA
Family had no effect
470
What does the revised dopamine hypothesis state? (PS = positive symptoms)
PS are caused by excess dopamine in the frontal lobes
PS are caused by excess dopamine in subcortical areas
PS are caused by excess dopamine in the cerabellum
PS are caused by a lack of dopamine
471
Offenders were said to be patient
True
False
472
In which state of mind did Freud suggest our behaviour is determined the most?
Uncontinuous mind
Conscious mind
Unconscious mind
Sub-conscious mind
473
Which of these is true of STM
Sometimes called working memory
Also called Episodic buffer
Rehearsal is not very important
Memories disappear unless rehearsed
474
What did Palmer find when studying 210 female non offenders and 126 female offenders
Delinquents showed more mature moral reasoning
Delinquents showed less mature moral reasoning
Non delinquents showed less mature moral reasoning
Delinquents showed no moral reasoning
475
Identification is public and private agreement?
yes, forever
Yes but only short term
While you are around the group influencing your views
No
476
Which country maintains the highest percentage of secure attachments?
Britain
Mexico
China
Japan
477
Smith and Lyoyd found in their study that...
Assumed baby genders were interacted with differently
Boys/girls treated the same by adults minus assumed sex
Babies believed to be boys were treated like girls
478
Which definition best describes a Monotropic attachment?
A children can only form attachments in the critical period
A temporary attachment when away from the primary caregiver
A child can only form an attachment with one caregiver
When a child can form multiple attachments
479
What did Allyon and Azrin do when testing token economy on female patients?
Gave tokens for good behaviour and took them away for bad
Gave no tokens
Gave tokens for bad behaviour and took them away for good
Gave tokens for good and bad behaviour
480
The bottom up approach is more scientific than the top down approach
False
True
481
What is central control?
Our ability to supress automatic responses
Affects our ability to move
Affects our ability to speak
None of the above
482
Not in Becks negative triad- Negative views of...
Self
Doggos
world
future
483
What is misleading information?
All of the above
Leading information said to witnesses usually after an event
Leading questions
Post event discussion
484
What happens to chemical messages?
They fire both too slowly and not easily enough
They don't fire easily enough
They fire too quickly or too easily
They fire too slowly
485
What is the correct order of the Psycho- Sexual stages?
Oral, anal, phallic, genital and latent
Phallic, oral, anal, latent and genital
Anal, genital, oral, phallic and latent
Oral, anal, phallic, latent and genital
486
What kind of information were the participants presented with?
Visual
Auditory
487
What is an effective way of entraining circadian rhythms
Using local time s for meal times
Responding to ones feelings of hunger and fatigue
Nothing
Using local times for bedtimes
488
What is metarepresentation?
The cognitive ability to reflect on thoughts and behaviour
The cognitive ability to supress automatic responses
All of th above
The way people react to stimuli
489
The sensory neurons
Carry electrical impulses from the receptors in the body
Recieves messages from sensory neurons
Carry messages away from the brain and spinal cord
Are found in our visual system
490
The explanation of Klienfeltler's and turner's syndrome lack validity due to...
The way they are treated by others may influence behaviour
Demand characteristics from those studied
Lack of supporting evidence from other studies
Poor external validity
491
Bassett and Blanchard found benefits were lost when it was applied consistently
False
True
492
Differential association is based on the idea that we learn behaviour
True
False
493
Which model supports the topic of the effect earlier attachments have on adult relationships?
External cognitive model
Internal working model
Working internal model
Schemas
494
What did Stern and McClintock investigate?
The effect of womens pheromones on other womens cycles
If female sexual behaviour is linked to the menstrual cycle
SAD
Sleep stages
495
What else were the participants able to do?
Hear the objects
See the objects in front of them, not on the projection
Smell the objects
Put their hands through a gap and touch the objects
496
What did Chadwick find when studying Nigel?
He did in fact have powers
There was no change in his thoughts
He was a wizard
He did not in fact have powers
497
Which of the following definitions best suits the term Opportunity sampling?
Participants volunteer through adverts to take part
Giving participants a number and drawing from a hat
Selecting participants who are available at the time
Identifying different groups and random sampling for %'s
498
Research into biological rhythms are deterministic
True
False
499
Which of the following is a weakness of EEG
Contributed to understanding about of the stages of sleep
Invaluable in the diagnosis of conditions like epilepsy
Does not pinpoint the exat source of neural activity
Has extremely high temporal resolution
500
How many participant were used in Sperry's research?
110
80
11
24
501
Some with Klienfelter's syndrome has poor language and reading skills
True
False
502
Research has shown their are many circadian rhythms in organs and cells?
False
True
503
Around what percentage of the population have schizophrenia?
8%
2%
4%
1%
504
OCD is characterised by uncontrollable thoughts, coupled with a need to perfom acts repeatedly?
True
False
505
Distortion of perception Asch?
Mandela effect
Believed the majority was correct
Didnt know what to do
Couldn't see properly
506
Who proposed the stages of attachment?
Schaffer and Emerson
Milgram lad
Bailey et al
Loftus and Palmer
507
What did Meyer-Lindenberg find?
Schizophrenics did worse in memory and reasoning tasks
Sufferers did well at reasoning but bad in memory tasks
Sufferers did well at memory but bad at reasoning tasks
Schizophrenics did well in both memory and reasoning tasks
508
Does Freud's theory support nature or nurture?
Nature
Both
Nurture
509
What kinds of people did Gottsman and Shields study?
Identical twins reared apart
Non identical twins reared apart
Identical twins reared together
Non identical twins reared together
510
The two hemispheres of the brain are connected by the corpus callosum
False
True
511
Brain sex theory demonstrates...
Biological reductionism
Cognitive reductionism
Biological determinism
Mechanical determinism
512
Cognitive psychologists compare our mental processes to that of computers
False
True
513
Twins studies are inconclusive because...
Small sample sizes
All of the above
It is difficult to separate the nature/nurture debate
Evidence of environmental influences as well as biological
514
What was Broca's famous case study?
Ton
Tin
Ten
Tan
515
The social learning theory is considered to be a 'developed theory'
False
True
516
The circadian rhythms begin at what age?
1 year
12 weeks
Straight away
6 weeks
517
Any theory that values free will cannot be scientific
True
False
518
Ainsworth's study demonstrates good reliability as an observation
True
False
519
Piaget supported Kholberg's theory by stating that...
Schema's can be inherited from parents
Children understand things before they are able to speak it
Children become egocentic-seeing other peoples perspectives
520
Treatment in the interactionist approach is holistic
False
True
521
What is meant by axonal sprouting?
The growth of new nerve endings to form new neural pathways
Recruitment of homologous areas on the opposie side
Reformation of blood vessels
The equivalent area takes on its functions
522
Which of the following is a weakness of the interactionist approach?
All of the above
It is difficult too know if treatment is working
Patients are often less willing to try new things
It's time consuming
523
There is evidence for disorganised type but not organised
False
True
524
Sperry's study is hard to generalise as having a split brain is unusual
True
False
525
The level of moral reasoning may depend of the offence
True
False
526
Extraverts have an underactive nervous system
False
True
527
There are peak times when drugs are likely to be more effective
True
False
528
Whats the bottom level of the triangle?
Safety
Biological and physiological
Esteem
Love
529
Which of these is a procedure point of Baddeley (1966)
One group Recalled after 2 days.
One group recalled immediately one recalled after 20 mins
Study tested LTM
Ppts given 4 sets of words to learn (A,B,C and D)
530
Who carried out researcher into cross cultural gender studies with three tribes?
Meed
Martin
Matthews
Mead
531
A disadvantage of the test-retest technique is that ppt's opinions/views can change over time
True
False
532
Sperry's study used highly specialised and standardised procedures?
True
False
533
Freud's theory is nomothetic due to it implying that all children go through different stages
False
True
534
The most common compulsions are cleaning, washing, checking, counting and touching?
True
False
535
Which of the following is a weakness of ERP's?
In order to work, there can be no background noise
They have excellent temporal resolution
They bring more specificity to the measurement of processes
536
Baddely and Hitch found WMM supporting evidence?
False
True
537
What does 0.01 level of significance mean in terms of probability?
Findings are 10% due to chance
Findings are 1% due to chance
Findings are 100% due to chance
538
What did Crossley find about the effects of atypical and typical drugs
There was no significant difference
Neither of the drugs were effective
Atypical drugs were more effective
Typical drugs were more effective
539
Sherman and Strang found what when studying 36 studies of restorative justice
Reductions in reoffending rates
Increase of reoffending rates
All offenders reoffended
There was no difference in reoffending rates
540
The Peripheral Nervous System is divided into
Parasympathetic and sympathetic
The ANS and SNS
It's not divided
The CNS and ANS
541
Loftus and palmer (1974) Aim
The effect of leading questions on memory
The effect of Post event discussion on memory
542
Does a correlation measure cause and effect?
Yaaaas
No
543
The three defence mechanisms for crime are:
Denial, subliminal and displacement
Denial, displacement and repression
Displacement, sublimination and repression
Denial, sublimination and rationalisation
544
Which is not an assumption of the cognitive approach?
Internal processes are not effected by schema
Internal processes can be investigated scientifically
Behaviour is manipulated through internal mental processes
The mind works in a similar way to a computer
545
a reason for obedience?
Informational social influence
Compliance
Agentic state
Normative social influence
546
What did Ripke find in his study of candidate genes?
No variations were linked to the risk of schizophrenia
1000 variations were linked to the risk of schizophrenia
108 variations were linked with the risk of schizophrenia
67 variations were linked to the risk of schizophrenia
547
Pre-convention is associated with crimes where they fee they cant evade conviction
False
True
548
Outline the female stereotype role
Poor drivers
Child carer
All of the above
Loves shopping
549
Which conditions showed a significant reduction of symptoms after 18months
Social learning and milieu
All three
Control and milieu
Social learning and control
550
Which topic has been argued to be scientific?
Psychodynamic
Cognitive
Biological
Behaviourism
551
Type 2 schizophrenia is characterised by what?
Positive symptoms
Negative symptoms
552
What does a deterministic view show?
Holistic view
More than one view
Some other psychological term
Cause and effect
553
Case studies tend to produce more of what type of data?
Numinous data
Ominous data
Quantitative data
Qualitative data
554
Limitation of humanism
Hollistic
Positive image of the human condition
Limited application
Free Will
555
The Brocas and Wernickes area are located in the right hemisphere
False
True
556
What types of behaviours do behaviourists test?
Objective observable behaviour
Objective non observable behaviour
Subjective observable behaviour
Subjective non observable behaviour
557
What did Canter and Heritage find when looking at 66 sexual assault cases
Impersonal language but a reaction to the victim
Impersonal language and lack of reaction to the victim
Personal language and lack of reaction to the victim
Personal language and a reaction to the victim
558
Family dysfunction looks at the environment
False
True
559
Antipsychotic drugs bind to D2 receptors
False
True
560
Does the diathesis stress model support nature or nurture?
Nature
Nurture
Both
Neither
561
Which of these is not a Milgram procedure point?
Set up a prison in Stanford university
Introduced to Mr Wallace
Drew fixed lots
Advertised in the newspaper
562
What is a typical antipsychotic drug?
Chloropromazine
Risperidone
Clozapine
Haloperidol
563
Identify an advantage of Rutter and Soneua’s study
Practical applications for the awareness of institutions
Lacks supporting evidence from other studies
Small sample - Hard to generalise
Cultural limitations
564
Behaviourist strengths
Deterministic as it ignores biology
Studies only done on animals
Lab experiment so lots of control
Stimulus/response reductionism
565
What happens when the Wernicke's area is damaged?
Speech does make sense
Speech is fluent but incoherent
Slow speech
All of the above
566
Percentage LTM recall of all 4 categories
AS:70% AD:70% SS:55% SD:85%
AS:70% AD:70% SS:85% SD:55%
567
What stage of sleep does dreaming occur in?
Stage 5
Stage 1
Stage 4
Stage 3
568
Cognitive approach suggests criminals may have different thinking patterns
True
False
569
Coding capacity and duration of Sensory register respectively?
Senses, limited, less than a second
Acoustic, 7+/-2, 20-30 seconds
570
What clues may be used for recognition
All of the above
The location
The choice of victim
The time
571
What was found in Farrington and Dowds?
All crime is recorded the same
Figures are difference anywhere
Some crimes aren't reported
Figures r higher in places becaise of how crime is recorded
572
There was 28 trials overall
False
True
573
Repression is the act of...
Keeping bad memories out of the conscious mind
Transferring a memory into the precocious mind
Displacing a memory
Denying an unpleasant memory
574
What is meant by a circadian rhythm?
A cycle that repeats every 15 hours
A continuous cycle
A cycle that repeats every 24 hours
A cycle that repeats every 18 hours
575
What advantage did Smith Institute find about the restorative justice program?
Criminals and victims were more satisfied
Reduced post traumatic stress
All of the above
Decreased cost
576
Crime mapping is information about the likely home or base of the offender
True
False
577
Freud's gender explanation lacks supporting evidence
True
False
578
What monitors brainwave activity during sleep?
fMRI
ERP
EEG
PET
579
The menstrual cycle is an example of an infradian rhythm
True
False
580
Pollock found that what percentage of child molesters argued their crime was non sexual
95%
15%
35%
45%
581
Identify the common feature of the syndrome
All of the above
Higher than average verbal ability
Failed to develop ovaries
Short statue
582
A physical characteristic of the syndrome is...
Under developed genitals
Webbed neck
Reduced breast growth
Increased body hair
583
Thematic analysis produces qualitative data
False
True
584
Which of the following is a strength of restorative justice?
Success may rely on the offender showing remorse
It is flexible and does not adopt one size fits all
A meeting may be emotional
May relate to power impalance, domestic abuse
585
What percentage of amputees develop phantom limb syndrome?
11-18%
40-60%
6-8%
60-80%
586
There is strong direct support for the importance of an interactionist approach
False
True
587
Relay neurons
Recieve messages from sensory neurons
Carry electrical impulses from the receptors in the body
Are only found in our visual system, brain and spinal cord
Carry messages away from the brain and spinal cord
588
Identify the model proposed to describe the impact early attachment has on adult relationships
Internal working model
Innate working model
Working memory model
External working model
589
There is only modest support for psychological treatments
False
True
590
These models have been created and are known as 'artificial intelligence'
False
True
591
Piling found what?
Family therapy had no effect on remission
It was difficult to improve compliance
Remission rates were lower when recieving family therapy
Remission rates were higher due to family therapy
592
Infants have the same sleep wake cycle as adults
True
False
593
Bateson's double bind theory suggested what?
Contradictory messages can cause schizophrenia
All of the above
High EE families can cause schizophrenia
Develop a confusing and dangerous understanding of the world
594
What dimension did Eysenck add to the inventory alongside extroversion and neuroticism
Introversion
Psychoticism
Instability
Stability
595
Cannabis may be an environmental stressor
True
False
596
Ellis's ABC model is a main technique in CBT
False
True
597
Who conducted a study into Dyads as a way of testing interactional Synchrony?
Schaffer and Emerson
Ainsworth
Bowlby
Isabelle et al
598
Which of the following is symptom of typical antipsychotics
Low blood pressure,uncontrolled fidgeting,impotence,seizures
NMS, blurred vision, menstrual problems, dry mouth
All of the above
Tardive dyskinesia, tremors, immobility and stiffness
599
The theory shows gender bias
True
False
600
What did Suddath find when comparing MZ twins (one twin had schizophrenia)
There was no difference
The schizophrenic twin had a smaller bilateral hippocampus
The schizophrenic twin had a larger bilateral hippocampus
The schizophrenic twin had no bilateral hippocampus
601
What did Copson find when looking at police opinions of offender profiling
14% said it assisted solving cases
3% of the time they could identify the offender
All of the above
80% said it was useful
602
What is the effect of dysfunction in metarepresentation?
Being unable to do anything
Disrupt our ability to recognise what we are doing
Not being able to control what we are doing
Disorganised speech and thoughts
603
What was found in Tan's autopsy?
A lesion is the left frontal lobe
A lesion in the right frontal lobe
Damage to the brain
Cut corpus callosum
604
What is a strength of the cognitive theory of schizophrenia?
Biochemical research suggests more dopamine is the cause
They may need to be linked to the biological explanations
None of the above
Cogntive theories don't explain the origins
605
Official statistics are a way of measuring crime
False
True
606
Campbell found that shining light on what part of the body effected the sleep wake cycle
Eyes
Back of the neck
Back of the knees
Back of the hands
607
Which group did Bandura find to be more aggressive in the bobo doll study?
Children who observed a non aggressive model
Neither
Children who observed an aggressive model
Both groups
608
What is one reason for psychology not being a science?
It uses scientific methods
Much of the subject matter is not observable
It is falsifiable
Much of the subject matter is observable
609
The central nervous system includes
The brain and spinal cord
Muscles
Organs
Tendons
610
CBT is based on the theory that patients can be helped by changing faulty cognitions
False
True