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PSYC 210: Exam 2 Review (Part 2) Flashcards | StudBud
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PSYC 210: Exam 2 Review (Part 2)
PSYC 210: Exam 2 Review (Part 2)
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1
The research (alternative) hypothesis is a statement that:
predicts no mean difference/effect/relationship between populations
predicts a mean difference/effect/relationship between populations
2
If someone has a z score of -1.0, what does this mean?
They are 1 standard deviation below the mean
They are 1 standard deviation above the average
They are 1 standard error below the mean
They are at the 40th percentile
3
If my test score falls 3 SD's below the mean, my z-score is...
z = -3
z = 2
z = 3
z = -2
4
According to CLT, as sample size _________, the distribution of sample means more closely approximates a normal shape.
decreases
increases
5
According to CLT, as sample size __________, standard error ___________
increases, decreases
decreases, decreases
increases, increases
decreases, increases
6
What is the primary benefit of having data that is normally distributed...
Can compare a score to a distribution with known percentiles, mean, and SD
Can make perfectly accurate estimates
Can do statistical analyses
Don't need a large sample
7
Statistical probability requires that the outcome of each trial is ____ the outcome from the prior trial.
dependent on
temporally distanced from
related to
independent of
8
If we reject the null when the null is
true
, we've made a:
Type I Error
Correct Decision
Type II Error
Type III Error
9
In a normal distribution, what percentage of scores fall below the mean?
50%
34%
Depends
16%
10
I'm studying political attitudes of college students so I pass out a survey to you all in class. This is an example of:
a volunteer sample
a random sample
a dumb study
a convenience sample
11
Our sample mean has z-statistic of 2.0, what does this mean?
2 standard deviations above the mean
They are the 74th percentile
2 standard deviations below the mean
2 standard errors above the mean
12
If my score on the exam has a z-score of 0, what does this mean
My exam score is the highest
My exam score is the same as the mean exam score
My exam score is the lowest
My exam score is 0
13
What is the primary benefit of being able to assume the underlying sampling distribution is approximately normal...
Don't need to compute descriptive statistics
Can compare a score to a known distribution of scores
Can perform statistical tests
Can compare our sample mean to known distribution of sample means
14
If we fail to reject the null when the null is
false
, we've made a:
Type III Error
Type I Error
correct decision
Type II Error
15
In a normal distribution, what percentage of scores fall between 2 SD below the mean and 2 SD above the mean?
96%
50%
86%
99%
16
"The chance of a die showing an even number is 50%" is an example of a(n):
confirmation bias
illusory correlation
expected relative-frequency probability
personal probability
17
If n is at least __, the distribution of sample means will be ~ normal, even when the underlying pop is skewed
25
20
50
30
18
What is an illusory correlation?
As variable X increases, variable Y increases
A correlation between two illusions
Confirmation bias
When two variables appear to be associated when they are not
19
The standard deviation of the distribution of sample means is called the
standard error
variability
standard deviation
spread
20
The distribution of scores in a sample (drawn from a normal population) will approach normality as:
standard deviation increases
sample size decreases
sample size increases
variance increases
21
What does the symbol "µM" stand for?
standard error
sample mean
standard deviation
mean of the sampling distribution of sample means
22
"There is a 20% chance that I'll be late for class tomorrow" is an example of a(n):
personal probability
expected relative-frequency probability
confirmation bias
illusory correlation
23
Jack needs money, so he signs up for an advertised drug trial that compensates its participants. Recruiters are using:
representative sampling
volunteer sampling
snowball sampling
random sampling
24
In a normal curve, which percentile corresponds to a z score of 1.0?
55th
70th
84th
16th
25
Maria flips a coin 10 times to see how many times it lands on tails. In this scenario,
each coin flip
is a(n):
outcome
success
test
trial
26
If we fail to reject the null when the null is
true
, we've made a:
Type I Error
Type III Error
Correct Decision
Type II Error
27
In a normal distribution, what percentage of scores fall between 1 SD below the mean and 1 SD above the mean?
68%
34%
82%
50%
28
The Central Limit Theorem (CLT) ensures that our sampling distribution will always...
be negatively skewed
be normally distributed, no matter the shape of the raw data
be positively skewed
be normally distributed, unless the raw data was skewed
29
Maria flips a coin 10 times to see how many times it lands on tails. T
he result of each coin flip
is a(n):
trial
outcome
heads
success
30
When every member of a population has an equal chance of being selected to participate in a study, it's called:
Random assignment
Random sampling
Convenience sampling
Volunteer sampling
31
The null hypothesis is a statement that:
predicts no mean difference/effect/relationship between populations
predicts a mean difference/effect/relationship between populations
32
If we reject the null when the null is
false
, we've made a:
Type III Error
Correct Decision
Type II Error
Type I Error
33
If the sample for my study is all my students in PSYC210, what is one limitation of my results (among MANY others)
random assignment
generalizability
not ethical
can't establish causality
34
Maria flips a coin 10 times to see how many times it lands on tails. In this scenario,
landing on tails
is termed a(n):
trial
result
success
outcome
35
When each selected participant has an equal chance of being in any of the experimental conditions/groups, it's called:
Random sampling
Experimental assignment
Confound reduction
Random assignment
36
Which of the z scores corresponds to the raw score farthest from the mean of the distribution?
z = 1.8
z =-2.5
z = -3.2
z = 3