The term "de facto segregation" refers to:

Segregation that exists due to social and economic conditions

Which of the following best describes the ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)?

Same-sex marriage bans are unconstitutional

What was the outcome of Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?

It ruled that racial segregation in schools was unconstitutional

Which of the following best describes affirmative action?

A set of policies designed to address past discrimination

The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 was primarily focused on which issue?

Securing voting rights for women

What was the ruling in Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States (1964)?

Congress could use the Commerce Clause to enforce anti-discrimination laws

The Supreme Court case Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) ruled that:

Symbolic speech is protected under the First Amendment

The Supreme Court case Engel v. Vitale (1962) ruled that:

prayers in public schools violate the Establishment Clause

What was the significance of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

It banned discrimination in public accommodations and employment

Which of the following best describes the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)?

It upheld "separate but equal" racial segregation laws

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978) ruled that:

Quotas in affirmative action programs are unconstitutional

What was the main impact of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972?

It prohibited gender discrimination in federally funded education programs

Which of the following best describes the impact of Shaw v. Reno (1993)?

Racial gerrymandering is unconstitutional if race is the predominant factor

Which of the following is a form of de jure segregation?

A state law requiring separate schools for Black and white students

Affirmative action policies are intended to:

Promote equal opportunity by addressing past discrimination

Which of the following best describes the impact of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990?

It prohibited discrimination against people with disabilities in employment

In New York Times Co. v. United States (1971), the Supreme Court ruled that:

Prior restraint by the government is almost always unconstitutional

What was the primary purpose of the 24th Amendment?

To eliminate poll taxes that restricted voting rights

Which of the following best describes the ruling in Texas v. Johnson (1989)?

Flag burning is a form of symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment

Which of the following best describes the significance of Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)?

It guaranteed the right to an attorney for indigent defendants

The exclusionary rule, established in Mapp v. Ohio (1961), states that:

Illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court

The Lemon test, established in Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971), is used to determine:

Whether a law creates an unconstitutional establishment of religion

Which of the following best describes the impact of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972?

It prohibited gender discrimination in federally funded education programs

Which of the following is an example of selective incorporation?

The Second Amendment’s right to bear arms applied to state governments

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 targeted which of the following practices?

Literacy tests and voter suppression tactics

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Unit 3 AP Gov

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Questions 40

Answers

1
The term "de facto segregation" refers to:
The integration of public schools
Segregation required by law
Segregation that exists due to social and economic conditions
The outlawing of racial discrimination
2
Which of the following best describes the ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)?
States can refuse to recognize same-sex marriages performed in other states
Same-sex marriage bans are unconstitutional
The Supreme Court upheld bans on same-sex marriage
The federal government cannot define marriage
3
The establishment clause in the First Amendment primarily deals with:
Freedom of speech
Freedom of religion
The right to privacy
The right to bear arms
4
Which Supreme Court case ruled that states cannot ban contraceptives, citing a right to privacy?
Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)
Roe v. Wade (1973)
Gonzales v. Carhart (2007)
Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992)
5
What was the outcome of Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?
It upheld Jim Crow laws in Southern states
It ruled that racial segregation in schools was unconstitutional
It upheld the "separate but equal" doctrine
It overturned the Civil Rights Act of 1964
6
Which of the following best describes affirmative action?
A constitutional amendment that guarantees racial equality
A set of policies designed to address past discrimination
A policy that guarantees automatic admission for minority students
A law that outlaws racial considerations in hiring decisions
7
The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 was primarily focused on which issue?
Abolishing slavery
Ending racial segregation
Expanding worker rights
Securing voting rights for women
8
What was the ruling in Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States (1964)?
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was unconstitutional
Private businesses could refuse service to individuals based on race
State governments had the right to regulate businesses as they wished
Congress could use the Commerce Clause to enforce anti-discrimination laws
9
The Supreme Court case Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) ruled that:
Symbolic speech is protected under the First Amendment
Students lose all constitutional rights at school
Schools can ban political speech
The government can censor speech in schools
10
The Supreme Court case Engel v. Vitale (1962) ruled that:
States can require students to recite prayers in school
prayers in public schools violate the Establishment Clause
Schools can display religious texts in classrooms
Students cannot engage in voluntary prayer at school
11
What was the significance of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
It banned discrimination in public accommodations and employment
It gave women the right to vote
It desegregated public schools
It ended slavery in the U.S.
12
Which of the following best describes the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)?
It upheld "separate but equal" racial segregation laws
It ruled that racial segregation was unconstitutional
It overturned Jim Crow laws
It reinforced the Equal Protection Clause
13
Which Supreme Court case selectively incorporated the Second Amendment to apply to the states?
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
Roe v. Wade (1973)
District of Columbia v. Heller (2008)
McDonald v. Chicago (2010)
14
Which of the following is NOT explicitly protected by the First Amendment?
Right to privacy
Right to assemble
Freedom of the press
Freedom of speech
15
Which Supreme Court case extended the right to privacy to a woman's decision to have an abortion?
Griswold v. Connecticut
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Roe v. Wade
Gideon v. Wainwright
16
Which legal doctrine was overturned by Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?
Selective incorporation
Prior restraint
Separate but equal
Strict scrutiny
17
Which constitutional amendment protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures?
First Amendment
Fifth Amendment
Sixth Amendment
Fourth Amendment
18
The Equal Protection Clause is found in which amendment?
First Amendment
Fourteenth Amendment
Tenth Amendment
Fourth Amendment
19
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978) ruled that:
Race can never be a factor in college admissions
The government must fund all affirmative action programs
Quotas in affirmative action programs are unconstitutional
Affirmative action is unconstitutional
20
What was the main impact of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972?
It outlawed discrimination against LGBTQ+ individuals
It mandated affirmative action in college admissions
It guaranteed equal pay for men and women
It prohibited gender discrimination in federally funded education programs
21
Which of the following best describes the impact of Shaw v. Reno (1993)?
Gerrymandering based on political party affiliation is illegal
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 was overturned
Racial gerrymandering is unconstitutional if race is the predominant factor
States must create districts that ensure minority representation
22
Which of the following is a form of de jure segregation?
A college where most students come from the same economic background
school district with predominantly one racial group due to housing pattern
A workplace where minorities are underrepresented
A state law requiring separate schools for Black and white students
23
Affirmative action policies are intended to:
Restrict college admissions to only underprivileged students
Outlaw all racial considerations in college admissions
Promote equal opportunity by addressing past discrimination
Eliminate the Equal Protection Clause
24
Which of the following best describes the impact of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990?
It ended all restrictions on disabled individuals in sports
It guaranteed federal funding for disabled individuals
It prohibited discrimination against people with disabilities in employment
It required that all workplaces be wheelchair accessible
25
In New York Times Co. v. United States (1971), the Supreme Court ruled that:
The First Amendment does not protect controversial speech
Prior restraint by the government is almost always unconstitutional
The government can prevent the publication of classified materials
Journalists can be arrested for publishing classified information
26
The Ruling in Schenck v. United States (1919) primarily limits which First Amendment freedom?
Freedom of speech
Freedom of religion
Freedom of the press
Freedom of assembly
27
The Miranda v. Arizona (1966) ruling established which of the following rights for criminal suspects?
Protection from double jeopardy
Right to remain silent
Right to an attorney
Protection against cruel and unusual punishment
28
What was the primary purpose of the 24th Amendment?
To eliminate poll taxes that restricted voting rights
To grant voting rights to women
To end racial segregation
To lower the voting age to 18
29
Which of the following best describes the ruling in Texas v. Johnson (1989)?
Hate speech is not protected under the First Amendment
Schools can limit student free speech rights
Flag burning is a form of symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment
The government can restrict offensive political speech
30
Which of the following best describes the significance of Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)?
It expanded the right to privacy
It guaranteed the right to an attorney for indigent defendants
It legalized same-sex marriage
It established judicial review
31
Which constitutional amendment serves as the basis for the right to privacy as recognized in Supreme Court cases?
both b and c
Ninth Amendment
Fourth Amendment
First Amendment
32
Which clause of the Constitution has been used to expand civil rights protections?
Necessary and Proper Clause
Supremacy Clause
Commerce Clause
Equal Protection Clause
33
The exclusionary rule, established in Mapp v. Ohio (1961), states that:
Illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court
Self-incriminating testimony is always admissible
The federal government must provide legal representation
The government cannot search a person’s property
34
The Lemon test, established in Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971), is used to determine:
Whether a state law violates the First Amendment’s Free Exercise Clause
Whether the government can restrict symbolic speech
Whether prayer in schools is constitutional
Whether a law creates an unconstitutional establishment of religion
35
Which law aimed to ensure equal voting rights by prohibiting literacy tests and other discriminatory practices?
Fifteenth Amendment
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Nineteenth Amendment
36
Which of the following cases incorporated the right to free speech to apply to state governments?
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969)
Gitlow v. New York (1925)
Schenck v. United States (1919)
37
Which civil rights law banned discrimination in housing based on race, religion, or national origin?
The Fair Housing Act of 1968
Title IX
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
38
Which of the following best describes the impact of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972?
It eliminated all forms of discrimination in the workplace
It required equal representation of women in government
It mandated affirmative action in college admissions
It prohibited gender discrimination in federally funded education programs
39
Which of the following is an example of selective incorporation?
The president enforces civil rights protections
Congress passes a law applying the Bill of Rights to all states
The Second Amendment’s right to bear arms applied to state governments
The entire Bill of Rights applied to the states immediately
40
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 targeted which of the following practices?
Literacy tests and voter suppression tactics
Gerrymandering
The poll tax
The grandfather clause

Unit 3 AP Gov Flashcards | StudBud