What changes did Alexander's conquests bring in their wake?

Dissemination of Greek culture in Egypt, Mesopotamia, India

In what ways did Buddhism challenge Hindu traditions?

Rejection of Brahmins & castes; lack of interest in gods

In what ways did Buddhism reflect Hindu traditions?

Ordinary life is an illusion, karma, rebirth, & meditation

Why were centralized empires so much less prominent in India than in China?

Indian empires had far more cultural diversity than China

How did the evolution of culture in India & China differ in the second wave civilizations?

India=Spiritually dominated; China=Philosophically dominated

In what ways did the religious traditions of South Asia change over the centuries?

Evolution away from sacrifices/ritual to devotional worship

What different answer(s) to the problem of disorder arose in classical era China?

Legalism, Confucianism, & Daoism

How did Rome grow from a single city to the center of a huge empire?

Respected value & political system; powerful army

Relevant to AP World, thus far...

I'm thinking I made a very bad choice, It's not as bad as I heard it would be, I'm happy with the class and believe I'll excel, I've only read about 1 chapter total

What is the difference between the Theravada and Mahayana expressions of Buddhism?

T:Buddha not divine,gods had little role M:Buddha almost God

Why has Confucianism been defined as a "humanistic philosophy" and not a supernatural religion?

Concerned w/ human relationships, government, social harmony

What internal and external factors contributed to the collapse of the Roman & Chinese empires?

Became too expensive, citizen uprisings, & nomadic threats

Why were the Roman and Chinese empires able to enjoy long periods of stability and prosperity?

Powerful armies, effective govs, & public works for citizens

What are the distinctive features of the Greek intellectual tradition?

Emphasis on argument and logic, question of wisdom

What were the consequences for both sides of the encounter between the Persians and the Greeks?

Little impact on Persian Empire; extended Greek democracy, Strengthened Greek pride; led to Peloponnesian War

How did the Daoist outlook differ from that of Confucianism?

Daoists sought learning through nature & seclusion, Confucianists focused life through humanity & relationships

How did Persian and Greek civilizations differ in their political organization and values?

Cult of kingship (Persian) vs many city-states (Greek)

How did semi-democratic governments emerge in some of the Greek city-states?

Challenges to the aristocracy & more citizens in assemblies

In what ways was Christianity transformed in the 5 centuries following the death of Jesus?

Grew abundantly, leading to Roman Catholic church

How did the religions of the classical era define the purposes of human life?

Focused life on compassion & personal morality

Compare the teachings of Jesus and Buddha.

Both wisdom/morality teachers; only Jesus claimed to be God

How might you assess the role of empires in the history of the second wave era?

Fueled cultural interaction and technology development

What aspects of Zoroastrianism and Judaism are also found in Christianity & Islam?

Conflict between good and evil; personal God

Why was the Chinese empire able to take shape so quickly, while the Romans took centuries?

Chinese imperial system already existed from prior dynasties

How did Hinduism emphasize support for the caste system?

Devotion to caste duties may provide a path to salvation

studbud

AP World: Unit 2a (Classical Era Civs)

25 termsStudBud Administration18 plays

Ch. 3-4 of Strayer

Flashcards25 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 25

Answers

1
What changes did Alexander's conquests bring in their wake?
A reduction in cities named Alexandria
Dissemination of Greek culture in Egypt, Mesopotamia, India
A spreading of Roman culture worldwide
The Persian Empire grew stronger
2
In what ways did Buddhism challenge Hindu traditions?
It didn't. They are the same religion
Buddhism arrived after Hinduism in Indian culture
Rejection of Brahmins & castes; lack of interest in gods
Buddhism rejected the idea of spreading to China
3
In what ways did Buddhism reflect Hindu traditions?
Buddhism often rejected Hindu caste systems
Ordinary life is an illusion, karma, rebirth, & meditation
Buddhism holds faith in as many gods as Hinduism
Death is the end of all existence, per both faiths
4
Why were centralized empires so much less prominent in India than in China?
China's Great Wall was able to keep out monstrous beasts
India experienced less enemy invasions, reducing experience
Indian empires had far more cultural diversity than China
Indian leaders refused to accept Buddhism
5
How did the evolution of culture in India & China differ in the second wave civilizations?
China participated in trade while India did not
India restricted rights of peasants while China did not
India was able to create a larger land empire
India=Spiritually dominated; China=Philosophically dominated
6
In what ways did the religious traditions of South Asia change over the centuries?
Buddhism and Hinduism were embraced, but Islam was not
Evolution away from sacrifices/ritual to devotional worship
Hinduism and Buddhism faded away and Islam now dominates
There has been no change
7
What different answer(s) to the problem of disorder arose in classical era China?
Legalism, Confucianism, & Daoism
A tribute system with strong northern nomads
An extension of Chinese imperial rule to Tibet
The adoption of Buddhism and abolition of slavery
8
How did Rome grow from a single city to the center of a huge empire?
Alexander the Great never lost a military battle
Lucius Tarquinius Superbus led them to glory
Respected value & political system; powerful army
The Roman Senate and Assemblies governed society
9
Relevant to AP World, thus far...
I'm thinking I made a very bad choice
It's not as bad as I heard it would be
I'm happy with the class and believe I'll excel
I've only read about 1 chapter total
10
What is the difference between the Theravada and Mahayana expressions of Buddhism?
T:Buddha not divine,gods had little role M:Buddha almost God
Mahayana developed after Theravada
M:Buddha not divine,gods had little role T:Buddha almost God
M:Reincarnation after death T:Annihilation after death
11
Why has Confucianism been defined as a "humanistic philosophy" and not a supernatural religion?
It had a long-lasting impact on Chinese politics and society
It never became as popular as other religions
Concerned w/ human relationships, government, social harmony
Unlike Jesus, Buddha, & Muhammad, Confucius never existed
12
What internal and external factors contributed to the collapse of the Roman & Chinese empires?
Empires became too large to govern and foreign disease came
They disobeyed their parents
Slave rebellions and inability to use religious ideologies
Became too expensive, citizen uprisings, & nomadic threats
13
Why were the Roman and Chinese empires able to enjoy long periods of stability and prosperity?
They kept peaceful relations with all neighbors
Both extensively used slavery and avoided burdening peasants
They kept all classes in society at peace
Powerful armies, effective govs, & public works for citizens
14
What are the distinctive features of the Greek intellectual tradition?
The fostering of a representative form of democracy
Emphasis on argument and logic, question of wisdom
Seeking out wisdom from their many gods
Rational belief that all societies are culturally equal
15
What were the consequences for both sides of the encounter between the Persians and the Greeks?
The Persian Hellenistic Era
Led to a Persian victory over Macedonia; Greece fell to Rome
Little impact on Persian Empire; extended Greek democracy
Strengthened Greek pride; led to Peloponnesian War
16
How did the Daoist outlook differ from that of Confucianism?
Daoists sought learning through nature & seclusion
Only Confucianism focused on the afterlife
Daoists sought harsh punishments for lawbreakers
Confucianists focused life through humanity & relationships
17
How did Persian and Greek civilizations differ in their political organization and values?
Both used spies to locate traitors
Cult of kingship (Persian) vs many city-states (Greek)
Direct Democracy (Greek) vs Republican Democracy (Persian)
Multicultural (Greek) vs Cultural homogenization (Persia)
18
How did semi-democratic governments emerge in some of the Greek city-states?
Sparta allowed greater freedoms to women
The Peloponnesian War brought an end to the Greek alliance
Augustus Caesar established the Senate and Assemblies
Challenges to the aristocracy & more citizens in assemblies
19
In what ways was Christianity transformed in the 5 centuries following the death of Jesus?
It became a faith only for the lower stratum of society
Grew abundantly, leading to Roman Catholic church
Grew slowly because of Roman persecution
It evolved into Judaism
20
How did the religions of the classical era define the purposes of human life?
Focused life on compassion & personal morality
Encouraged followers to ignore the material world
Religion was never a part of social or political life
Taught that life was a series of competitions to beat others
21
Compare the teachings of Jesus and Buddha.
Both wisdom/morality teachers; only Jesus claimed to be God
Both encouraged love for others and claimed to be gods
Neither came from wealthy backgrounds & favored aristocrats
Neither was believed to be God by his followers
22
How might you assess the role of empires in the history of the second wave era?
By creating the Death Star, they encouraged submission
Patriarchy was reduced, but social hierarchies increased
Crushed religious movements, refusing to use them in gov.
Fueled cultural interaction and technology development
23
What aspects of Zoroastrianism and Judaism are also found in Christianity & Islam?
All dominated Persian culture at one point
Conflict between good and evil; personal God
The belief in a pantheon of gods
All focused more on the present life than the afterlife
24
Why was the Chinese empire able to take shape so quickly, while the Romans took centuries?
The Chinese made sure to treat peasants fairly
The Chinese used slaves more effectively
Chinese imperial system already existed from prior dynasties
The Chinese military was more subordinate to authority
25
How did Hinduism emphasize support for the caste system?
It didn't. Hindu faith argued against inequality
LOTR is better than Harry Potter. Case-closed!
Devotion to caste duties may provide a path to salvation
It advocated for different districts & annual death matches

AP World: Unit 2a (Classical Era Civs) Flashcards | StudBud