The superego is Freud's term for...

the moral component of personality

A perceptual set implies that...

people often see what they expect to see

The function of sensory memory is to...

hold sensory impressions long enough for transfer

Negative reinforcement involves...

the removal of an unpleasant stimulus

how alternatives in a decision problem are presented

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AP Psychology Exam Review 2020

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A basic review over all material covered in AP Psychology used to prepare for the AP Exam.

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Questions 81

Answers

1
The structure that controls the size of the pupil is the...
lens
iris
vitreous humor
cornea
2
Substances such as viruses and drugs that can harm a developing fetus are known as...
opiates
pathogens
teratogens
prenatals
3
The chemicals that are secreted from the terminal buttons into the synapse are...
action potentials
neurotransmitters
antagonists
agonists
4
Which brain structure is most closely related to regulating emotions?
limbic system
brainstem
reticular formation
cerebellum
5
A personality measure that asks you to respond freely to an ambiguous stimulus (ex. inkblot) is
a projective test
a deceptive test
a self-report inventory
a behavior rating
6
Common side effects of ____ include mood swings, aggression, and impaired mental functioning.
sedatives
cannabis
alcohol
narcotics
7
In order for a memory to be stored, it must first be..
encoded
modeled
ablated
retrieved
8
The structure of the ear that transduces sound vibrations into nerve impulses is the...
cochlea
temporal lobe
oval window
stirrup
9
The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon can best be described as an instance of...
partial retrieval
complete storage failure
complete retrieval failure
partial storage
10
A student's organized set of expectations on how a professor should act is an example of a..
chunk
semantic network
script
schema
11
Which statistical method is used to determine the reliability of a test?
standard deviation
percentiles
correlation coefficients
means
12
Potty training is a key challenge in which of Erikson's stages of development?
trust vs. mistrust
autonomy vs. shame & doubt
initiative vs. guilt
industry vs. inferiority
13
The gate-control theory suggests that incoming pain sensations may be blocked at the...
thalamus
location of injury
spinal cord
cortex
14
When Bob hits his thumb with a hammer, the sensation will be transmitted to the CNS by...
autonomic nerves
efferent nerves
sympathetic nerves
afferent nerves
15
Expectations about what is appropriate behavior for each sex most accurately describes...
gender roles
gender stereotypes
gender behaviors
gender differences
16
Unusually vivid and detailed recollections of momentous events are called...
sensory memories
episodic memories
flashbulb memories
non-declarative memories
17
Hadley uses ____ to relieve the symptoms of her glaucoma and relax her.
marijuana
heroin
cocaine
mescaline
18
Five-year-old Bob washes his bike after seeing his father was his car, demonstrating...
observational learning
positive reinforcement
classical conditioning
superstitious behavior
19
Focusing awareness on a narrowed range of stimuli or events defines...
processing
sensation
attention
perception
20
The most optimistic view of human nature is found in the ________ approach.
behavioral
cognitive
psychoanalytic
humanistic
21
Which type of intelligence involves the ability to apply acquired knowledge in problem solving?
crystallized
procedural
fluid
episodic
22
A worker who is paid every Friday for completing his 40-hour work week is being paid on a...
variable-interval schedule
variable-ratio schedule
fixed-ratio schedule
fixed-interval schedule
23
Your GPA is an example of which measure of central tendency?
mean
median
midpoint
mode
24
People who have hormonal imbalances have problems with their...
leftbrain/right brain communication
reticular formation
limbic system
endocrine system
25
The ability to rapidly process words in reading depends most on...
bottom-up processing
bottom-to-top processing
lateral processing
top-down processing
26
The superego is Freud's term for...
the biological impulses that drive behavior
the mediating agent between the id and ego
the conscious aspect of personality
the moral component of personality
27
According to the James-Lange theory, one's conscious experience of emotion occurs..
before autonomic arousal
simultaneously with autonomic arousal
independently of autonomic arousal
after autonomic arousal
28
The process of pushing distressing thoughts into the unconscious and keeping them there is...
neurogenic amnesia
suppression
repression
avoidance
29
A perceptual set implies that...
the focused-attention stage of processing is overridden
people often see what they expect to see
visual perception is based on bottom-up processing
feature analysis is a "hard-wired" process
30
A drug that depresses central nervous system activity is referred to as...
a hallucinogen
an amphetamine
a narcotic
a sedative
31
Tension reduction is the goal of which motivational theory?
instinct theory
drive theory
incentive theory
evolutionary theory
32
A stimulus evokes a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus in...
observational learning
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
state-dependent learning
33
The function of sensory memory is to...
hold sensory impressions long enough for transfer
hold information for a lifetime
hold the immediate perception of what was perceived
put information into long-term memory
34
Sleep spindles are characteristic of which stage of the sleep cycle?
stage 2
REM
stage 1
stage 4
35
Conditioned taste aversions represent an unusual or atypical example of...
punishment
observational learning
operant conditioning
classical conditioning
36
Watson defined psychology as the scientific study of...
behavior
conscious experience
the brain
the unconscious
37
Which of the following statements is the best example of telegraphic speech?
give cookie
i wanted a cookie
cookie
I eated a cookie
38
According to the five-factor model, people who score _____ tend to be trusting and cooperative.
high in agreeableness
low in extraversion
high in neuroticism
low in openness
39
The minimum stimulus intensity of any sensory input that an organism can detect is called the..
absolute threshold
just noticeable difference
sensory memory
subliminal threshold
40
The test you are currently taking is an example of what kind of test?
an aptitude test
a personality test
an achievement test
an intelligence test
41
In Pavlov's experiment, the unconditioned stimulus was the...
light
tone
salivation
food/meat powder
42
A person who loses memories of events that occur following a head injury is experiencing...
anterograde amnesia
pseudoforgetting
retrograde amnesia
retroactive interference
43
According to the notion of semantic networks, which word pair should be linked most closely?
car-nose
tree-bird
boat-goat
fill-feed
44
The Binet-Simon scale of intelligence expressed a child's score in terms of...
mental age
a potential score
a percentile score
IQ
45
Negative reinforcement involves...
the presentation of a pleasant stimulus
the presentation of an unpleasant stimulus
the removal of a pleasant stimulus
the removal of an unpleasant stimulus
46
Framing refers to...
presenting only part of the information required
presenting irrelevant information
how alternatives in a decision problem are presented
structuring decision problems so they lead to poor decisions
47
In the Little Albert experiment, the conditioned stimulus was the...
rabbit
loud noise
fear reaction
rat
48
The wavelength of light mainly affects our perception of...
color
light purity
saturation
brightness
49
The characteristic mood, activity level, and emotional reactivity of an infant is their...
temperament
behavioral quality
attachment
personality
50
The process of selectively reinforcing responses that are closer to the desired response is..
stimulus discrimination
shaping
step-wise conditioning
selection
51
The school of psychology associated with understanding the purpose of behavior is...
functionalism
psychoanalysis
behaviorism
neodynamism
52
Voluntary responses come to be controlled by their consequences in what type of learning?
reinforcement
classical conditioning
observational learning
operant conditioning
53
The sensory receptors for smell are referred to as...
olfactory cilia
smell buds
gustatory bulbs
sciatic receptors
54
Rehearsal is most beneficial for maintaining information in _______ memory.
short-term
sensory
long-term
intermediate-term
55
In experiments, subjects that receive treatment are known as...
the observational group
the control group
the correlational group
the experimental group
56
The facial feedback hypothesis suggests that...
you can affect how you feel by making a certain expression
other people can identify your emotions by your expressions
the internal state causes the facial expression
a facial expression is just a sign of internal feelings
57
If a dog salivates to a blue light but not a yellow light, the dog is demonstrating...
conditioned emotional reactions
stimulus generalization
stimulus discrimination
spontaneous recovery
58
Which of the following is not one of the intelligence types described by Gardner?
musical
spatial
logical-mathemathical
mechanical
59
Classical conditioning could account for how a child learns to...
fear the dark
tie shoe laces
print letters
sing a song
60
The gradual disappearance of an operant response that is no longer being reinforced is called..
extinction
unconditioning
spontaneous remission
conditioned forgetting
61
The amygdala plays a role in the modulation of which emotion?
happiness
sadness
surprise
fear
62
What appears to be responsible for regulating circadian rhythm?
cultural practices
exposure to light
amount of time alseep
amount of time awake
63
Multiple-choice tests use what measure of memory?
recognition
reiteration
recall
relearning
64
The deepest level of processing which involves emphasizing the meaning of words is known as...
the semantic level of encoding
dyadic encoding
the triarchic level of encoding
attention encoding
65
Mary Ainsworth's strategy for studying infant attachment is known as the __________ procedure.
shared inhibition
attachment probing
secure-avoidant
strange situation
66
What is cognitive dissonance?
occurs only when cognitions are unrelated
a state of tension produced by inconsistent cognitions
feeling of discomfort experienced by receivers of persuasion
feelings of guilt produced by acting against your conscience
67
Homeostasis is a state of...
physiological instability
physiological stability
psychological instability
psychological stability
68
At which stage do people use a personal code of ethics to guide their moral reasoning?
postconventional
concrete
preconventional
conventional
69
A valid test is one that...
is consistent
has been standardized but not normed
measures what it is supposed to measure
is reliable
70
If a teacher gives an exam with questions that were not covered in class, the test lacks..
predictive validity
content validity
standardized validity
criterion-related validity
71
Slot machines increase gambling behavior through the use of...
a non-contingent reinforcement schedule
a short-delay reinforcement schedule
an intermittent reinforcement schedule
a continuous reinforcement schedule
72
The structure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain is called the...
parietal lobe
thalamus
corpus callosum
pineal gland
73
The area of psychology referring to mental processes or thinking is known as...
mentalism
intelligence
introspection
cognition
74
The hypothalamus influences or regulates all of the following except...
the autonomic nervous system
the endocrine system
feeding
memory
75
Reliability refers to the _______ of a measuring device, such as a test.
representativeness
consistency
accuracy of inference
predictability
76
Although Sheri falls asleep easily, she has difficulty remaining asleep. Sheri suffers from..
sleep apnea
insomnia
narcolepsy
pseudoinsomnia
77
The largely unconscious reactions used to protect us from guilt and anxiety are known as...
offense mechanisms
id mechanisms
defense mechanisms
coping mechanisms
78
If you were awakened during REM sleep, you would probably report that you had...
a headache
not really been asleep
been dreaming
not been dreaming
79
The ability to generate ideas that are original, novel, and useful defines...
insight
intelligence
reasoning
creativity
80
The production of speech is controlled by which area of the frontal lobe?
Sperry's area
Cannon's area
Broca's area
Wernicke's area
81
When people overestimate the frequency of violent crimes because these events are on TV, they..
are using the availability heuristic
use the elimination by aspects strategy
use a holistic decision model
are using the representativeness heuristic

AP Psychology Exam Review 2020 Flashcards | StudBud