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Biology Midterm Review
Biology Midterm Review
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Biology Midterm Review (Scientific Method, Biochemistry, Cells, DNA, Mitosis)
Flashcards
78 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Plant-based foods like vegetables typically contain which carbohydrate in their cell walls?
Amino Acids
Fats
Starch
Cellulose
2
The data that measures numbers is ___________
Independent
Dependent
Quantitative
Qualitative
3
Which of the following organelles is NOT unique to a plant cell?
Chloroplast
Cell Wall
Central Vacuole
Mitochondria
4
When performing an experiment, what should you do with waste materials?
Follow teacher instructions on disposal.
Wash them down the sink.
Leave them where they are.
Throw them in the trash.
5
The movement of liquid into the cell is ______________.
Pinocytosis
Phagocytosis
6
Which phase of mitosis is pictured below?
telophase
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
7
In an experiment the experimental group is the group that is ________________.
tested
not tested
controlled
kept the same
8
During ____________ the nuclei begin to reappear and the cleavage furrow begins to form?
prophase
metaphase
telophase
anaphase
9
Which organelle contains genetic material and is known as the control center of the cell?
Golgi
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosome
10
A mass of cells is called a __________.
malignant
carcinogen
tumor
cyst
11
Which cell structure does this statement describe: protects the cell and selectively permeable?
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Nucleus
Plasma Membrane
12
The stage of the cell cycle where the membrane pinches inward forming two new cells is _______.
Mitosis
Telophase
Cytokinesis
Interphase
13
Photosynthesis takes place in which organelle of plant cells?
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Ribosome
14
A cell that has no membrane bound organelles and no nucleus is a __________ cell.
eukaryotic
plant
prokaryotic
animal
15
The macromolecules that store the most energy per gram are _________________.
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
16
The movement of solutes from areas of high concentration to low concentration is?
diffusion
osmosis
phagocytosis
endocytosis
17
The ____________ holds sister chromatids together.
centromere
centriole
chromosome
chromatin
18
Which of the following is NOT a stage in Mitosis?
Anaphase
Prophase
Interphase
Metaphase
19
Passive transport does NOT require energy. True or False?
False
True
20
Data that characterizes color or category is referred to as ____________ .
Independent
Qualitative
Quantitative
Dependent
21
Energy is released from ATP when the ___________ bonds are broken.
covalent
hydrogen
adenine
phosphate
22
The ___________ is a storage organelle that contains water, waste, and enzymes.
Lysosome
Ribsome
Vacuole
Nucleus
23
Which of the following is NOT one of the 4 macromolecules we discussed in class?
Protein
Hemoglobin
Nucleic Acid
Carbohydrate
24
Facilitated diffusion requires the aid of a __________ to move materials from high to low.
DNA molecule
protein
carbohydrate
water molecule
25
All injuries or accidents in the lab should be reported to your teacher. True or False?
False
True
26
Fats, oils, and waxes are all examples of which macromolecule?
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
27
DNA condenses into chromosomes and the nucleus begins to break down during _______.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
28
What type of carbohydrate can be found in bread, potatoes, and wheat?
Amino Acids
Cellulose
Starch
Fats
29
In an experiment, the group that is kept under normal conditions is called the _________.
Experimental Group
Independent Group
Control Group
Dependent Group
30
Prokaryotic cells divide by this process: ________________.
DNA Replication
Meiosis
Binary Fission
Mitosis
31
Enzymes function as a ______________ to speed up chemical reactions.
genetic code
nutrient
storage molecule
catalyst
32
Cells that have a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles are __________.
Nonexistent
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
Bacteria
33
Which phase of mitosis is pictured below?
metaphase
prophase
anaphase
telophase
34
Which stage in cellular respiration makes the most ATP?
Electron Transport Chain
Krebs Cycle
Fermentation
Glycolosis
35
The pigment found in plants that absorbs sunlight is ____________.
chlorophyll
ribose
carotene
phytochrome
36
The __________ helps move materials throughout the cell, one type contains ribosomes.
Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Mitochondria
Golgi Aparatus
37
Enzymes, hair, and muscle are all examples of which type of macromolecule?
Nucleic Acids
Protein
Carbohydrates
Lipids
38
The cell cycle stage that prepares the cell for division is _______________.
Cytokinesis
Prophase
Interphase
Mitosis
39
ENDOCYTOSIS moves molecules _________ the cell.
into
outside
40
The macromolecule that includes all sugars is ________________.
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
Proteins
41
Polymers are molecules composed of repeating units of ____________.
Monomers
Carbon Rings
Macromolecules
Chains of Carbon
42
Chromosomes line up in the middle of cell during _______________.
Anaphase
Telophase
Prophase
Metaphase
43
Variables that are kept the same throughout the experiment are called ____________.
Experimental Variables
Control Variables
Independent Variables
Dependent Variables
44
A sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base make up a _____________.
nucleotide
lipid
sugar molecule
amino acid
45
EXOCYTOSIS moves materials _________ the cell.
into
outside
46
Choose the correct order for the levels of organization in organisms.
Tissue - Cell - Organ System - Organ - Organism
Tissue - Cell - Organ - Organism - Organ System
Cell - Tissue - Organ - Organ System - Organism
Organ System - Cell - Tissue - Organ - Organism
47
The glucose molecule is organized into a 6-sided ring. What is glucose?
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
Protein
48
Which phase of mitosis is pictured below?
telophase
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
49
In plant cells, the ________ begins to form at the end of mitosis to help divide the cytoplasm.
cleavage furrow
centriole
spindle fibers
cell plate
50
Cellular Respiration takes place in both plant and animal cells in which organelle?
Nucleus
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
51
The variable that is changed by the experimenter throughout the experiment is the ______________.
Independent Variable
Experimental Variable
Control Variable
Dependent Variable
52
On a graph, the independent variable is graphed on the ___________-axis.
Z
0
X
Y
53
Triglycerides (a type of lipid) are made of smaller subunits of _____________.
amino acids
fatty acids
nucleic acids
nucleotides
54
The uncontrolled division of cells is called ________.
cancer
S-phase
G2-phase
mitosis
55
The movement of food particles into the cell is _____________.
Pinocytosis
Phagocytosis
56
Which of the following is the correct equation for photosynthesis?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 + Light -> 6H2O + 6CO2
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6H2O + 6CO2 + Light
6H2O + 6CO2 + Light -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
6H2O + 6O2 + Light -> C6H12O6 + 6CO2
57
Diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion are types of ____________ transport.
Passive
Active
58
Osmosis is the diffusion of ___________ from areas of high concentration to low concentration.
nutrients
water
enzymes
DNA
59
How many ATP's are gained during glycolysis?
2
6
8
4
60
Active transport requires energy to move molecules across the plasma membrane. True or False?
False
True
61
Which piece of technology aided in the formation of the cell theory?
Petri Dish
Telescope
Microscope
Agar
62
Which of the following statements is NOT part of the Cell Theory?
The cell is the basic unit of life.
All cells have a nucleus and organelles.
All living things are made of cells.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
63
The term for programmed cell death is _____________.
lysis
cytokinesis
mitosis
apoptosis
64
Choose the correct sequence for the Scientific Method.
Hypothesis, Experiment, Observe, Data, Conclusion
Observe, Experiment, Hypothesis, Data, Conclusion
Observe, Hypothesis, Experiment, Data, Conclusion
Hypothesis, Observe, Experiment, Conclusion, Data
65
All macromolecules are "organic" meaning they have one element in common. What is the element?
Oxygen
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
66
Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of _____________.
carbon dioxide
glucose
oxygen
water
67
Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen. We call this process ______________.
Photosynthesis
Fermentation
Krebs Cycle
Glycolosis
68
This organelle packages and transports materials throughout the cell?
ER
Ribosome
Golgi Apparatus
Vacuole
69
During __________ chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell.
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
prophase
70
The monomer of a protein is ______________.
a nucleotide.
a fatty acid chain.
a glucose molecule.
an amino acid.
71
During interphase DNA is in the ___________ form.
chromsome
condensed
chromatin
72
On a graph, the dependent variable is graphed on the _________-axis.
Z
X
0
Y
73
Which is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen --> Water + Carbon Dioxide + ATP
Water + Carbon Dioxide + ATP --> Glucose + Oxygen
Glucose + Carbon Dioxide --> Water + Oxygen + ATP
ATP + Water + Glucose --> Oxygen + Carbon Dioxide
74
The organelle that is responsible for digesting waste and apoptosis is a ______________.
Centriole
Lysosome
Golgi
Ribosome
75
The dependent variable in an experiment is ___________ when the independent is changed.
kept the same
controlled
changed
measured
76
If your clothing catches fire, what should you do?
Pour water on yourself.
Tell the teacher only.
Use the eyewash to put the fire out.
Grab the fire blanket, tell teacher.
77
A __________ is a molecule composed of a single subunit.
Polymer
Macromolecule
Monomer
Lipid
78
Which organelle is the site for protein synthesis?
Ribosome
ER
Mitochondria
Golgi
