In which way are the fungus-like protists similar to the heterotrophic protists

Both need to gather food from their environment

Which of the following best describes a result of the polar nature of water molecules?

Ionic compounds dissolve easily in water

Which of the following describes an event that results from mitosis but not meiosis?

daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell

Which of the following describes how an abiotic factor can impact the population of a ecosystem

Changes in temperature cause some individuals to die

Which of the following explains why people need to get a flu shot each year?

The flu virus is constantly mutating and changing

Which statement describes how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interrelated?

Carbon dioxide & water released by CR are used in photo

What does a decrease in salmon population due to an increase in river temperature indicate?

an abiotic affecting a biotic factor

What similarities are there between the ways Archea and Bacteria react to difficult conditions?

Both form endospores for protection or flagella to swim away

What causes blood pressure?

contraction of ventricles in the heart

Which of the following explains how crossing over benefits sexually reproducing organisms

It increases genetic variation in offspring

Which of the following best describes a characteristic that distinguishes Fungi?

Multicellular and break down dead plant and animal matter

If a company claims that its product is scientifically proven, which should have taken place?

Results were peer reviewed and repeated creating same result

Which of the following functions does active transport perform in a cell?

packaging proteins for export from the cell

Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?

The components of DNA are the same in humans and bacteria

In which of the domains would it be easiest to determine relationships among organisms?

Eukaryotes; tend not to share DNA except when reproducing

Which of the following best summarizes why the microscope was important to biology?

It allowed for development of the cell theory

Which of the following best describes meiosis?

occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures

Which of the following phrases best describes cancer?

uncontrolled cell growth caused by mutations in genes

What function does ATP carry out in living things

used to capture and transfer energy

Water has a higher specific heat than other compounds. What would happen if it had a lower heat

Organisms that are sensitive to changes in temperature die.

Why does ice stay at the top of oceans instead of sinking to the bottom?

Ice is less dense than liquid water

What type of modified crops would be most successful in overcrowded wet-tropical countries?

high yield crops that are pest resistant

What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction?

The reaction rate will increase

Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated?

crossing over in which alleles are exchanged

In which of the following circumstances would it be most likely for large molecules to form

If RNA segments that could act like catalysts formed

If a genetic defect prevented a protein catalyst from being produced, what would happen?

The reaction would proceed very slowly or not at all

What is the relationship between proteins and nucleic acids?

Nucleic acids contain the information to make proteins

Why are there so few aquatic plants and phytoplankton at the bottom zones of the ocean?

most sunlight is absorbed before reaching these levels

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Biology EOC Review

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Questions 76

Answers

1
Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
mitochondrion
lysosome
nucleus
ribosome
2
In which way are the fungus-like protists similar to the heterotrophic protists
Both need to gather food from their environment
Both can use photosynthesis if sunlight is available
Both are commonly found in dry environments
Both can move around w/ flagella or cilia as adults
3
Which of these best completes this concept map?
prokaryotic cell
plant cell
animal cell
virus
4
Which of the following best describes a result of the polar nature of water molecules?
The volume of water decreases by half when it's frozen
Ionic compounds dissolve easily in water
Water molecules repel most other substances
Water molecules repel each other
5
Which of the following identifies the process shown at point Z?
Translocation
Translation
Transcription
Replication
6
Fats, oils and cholesterol are all types of what?
fatty acids
lipids
hormones
cell membranes
7
Which of the following describes an event that results from mitosis but not meiosis?
two stages of cell division
four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell
daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell
replication of cellular genetic material
8
Which of the following describes how an abiotic factor can impact the population of a ecosystem
Organisms compete for resources and prevent overpopulation
Predators prevent herbivores from depleting resources
A parasite can reproduce and cause a decline in host species
Changes in temperature cause some individuals to die
9
Which of the following explains why people need to get a flu shot each year?
Not enough antibodies in the vaccine to kill the whole virus
The flu virus eventually breaks down the vaccine
Antibodies for the flu virus only last for one year
The flu virus is constantly mutating and changing
10
The diagram shows a recessive genetic disorder. What is the genotype of individual 6?
XHY
XHXH
XhY
XHXh
11
Which statement describes how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interrelated?
Glucose used in CR to produce food thats broken down in PS
Photo releases energy that is stored during CR
Oxygen is produced in CR and stored during photo
Carbon dioxide & water released by CR are used in photo
12
What does a decrease in salmon population due to an increase in river temperature indicate?
an effect of predation
an unchanging biological community
change in population but not in abiotic factors
an abiotic affecting a biotic factor
13
The way that crimes are solved today was affected by which of the following technologies?
dna fingerprinting
genetic modification
gene therapy
genetic testing
14
Which row in the chart below indicates the correct process for each event indicated
row 2
row 4
row 1
row 3
15
What similarities are there between the ways Archea and Bacteria react to difficult conditions?
Both form endospores for protection or flagella to swim away
Both make own toxins or switch to photosynthesis for food
Both create a capsule around the cell or add to cell walls
Both develop flagella to swim away or change membranes
16
What causes blood pressure?
stress that exercise puts on heart muscle
cholesterol in the blood
contraction of ventricles in the heart
removal of oxygen from the blood
17
Which of the following explains how crossing over benefits sexually reproducing organisms
It allows for adjustments in a population's sex ratio
It allows for fewer mutations in offspring
It increases genetic variation in offspring
It increases the number of chromosomes in offspring
18
Which of the following best describes a characteristic that distinguishes Fungi?
Multicellular and break down dead plant and animal matter
Have cell walls and specialized tissues
Able to reproduce both sexually and asexually
Eukaryotes w/ complex organ systems
19
Which gas is removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide
nitrogen
hydrogen
oxygen
20
If a company claims that its product is scientifically proven, which should have taken place?
Technology was used in gathering and analyzing data
Results should have been published in popular magazine
They held discussions w/ leading industry scientists
Results were peer reviewed and repeated creating same result
21
What's the name of this process?
phagocytosis
endocytosis
meiosis
mitosis
22
A cell contains a nucleus, lyosomes, a cell membrane and cell wall. What type of cell is it?
eukaryotic animal
prokaryotic animal
prokaryotic plant
eukaryotic plant
23
Which of the following functions does active transport perform in a cell?
equalizing water concentration inside and outside the cell
moving substances against a concentration gradient
distributing enzymes throughout the cytoplasm
packaging proteins for export from the cell
24
Which of the following factors most directly affect blood flow through the circulatory system?
Blood sugar
Blood Pressure
Respiratory rate
Outside temperature
25
Why can bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein?
The components of DNA are the same in humans and bacteria
DNA replication in bacteria and humans is the same
Bacteria cells contain the same organelles as human cells
Bacteria & human cells contain the same kind of chromosomes
26
In which of the domains would it be easiest to determine relationships among organisms?
Bacteria; smallest amount of DNA which can be sequenced fast
Animalia; large enough to see characteristics clearly
Archea; most ancient and gr8est genetic variation among them
Eukaryotes; tend not to share DNA except when reproducing
27
Which of the following phases of mitosis is represented by the diagram below?
anaphase
prophase
metaphase
telophase
28
Which of the following best summarizes why the microscope was important to biology?
It created public interest and support for research
It allowed for development of the cell theory
It gave scientific credibility to those working on cells
It created a means of funding for cell research
29
Which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?
2
4
3
1
30
Which of these organisms would most likely be found at the top of an energy pyramid?
kelp - a primary producer
sardines - a primary consumer
sharks - a secondary consumer
clams - a primary consumer
31
What characteristic do most plants have in common?
they are unicellular
they produce seeds
they are autotrophic
they are prokaryotic
32
Which organism receives the least amount of energy from the producers?
Grasshopper
Hawk
Mouse
Rabbit
33
Which of the following best describes meiosis?
happens in all tissues except brain and spinal cord
is carried out in all tissues that require cell replacement
first stage of mitosis
occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures
34
Which of the following phrases best describes cancer?
presence of genetic defects caused by hereditary disorders
mitiple gene mutations on a chromosome of DNA
absence of cyclins in the DNA
uncontrolled cell growth caused by mutations in genes
35
Large bodies of water such as lakes and oceans do not change temperature quickly. Why?
Water is an acid
Water has a high heat capacity
Water is a versatile solvent
Water acts as a buffer
36
What function does ATP carry out in living things
helps maintain the fluidity of cell membranes
used to capture and transfer energy
identifies dna start sequences for transcription
aids in protein folding and coiling
37
What type(s) of cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus?
only animal cells
bacteria
both plant and animal cells
protists
38
Water has a higher specific heat than other compounds. What would happen if it had a lower heat
Flooding would occur and animals would be forced to migrate.
Harmful organisms living in water would reproduce rapidly.
Plants would not have enough water to do photosynthesis.
Organisms that are sensitive to changes in temperature die.
39
Why does ice stay at the top of oceans instead of sinking to the bottom?
Ice is colder than liquid water
Ice is less dense than liquid water
Ice is more dense than liquid water
Ice is warmer than liquid water
40
What type of modified crops would be most successful in overcrowded wet-tropical countries?
crops that are drought resistant and need a lot of sunshine
crops that are drought and pest resistant
high yield crops that do not need a lot of sunshine
high yield crops that are pest resistant
41
Which lobe of the brain is designated by number 4?
parietal lobe
frontal lobe
temporal lobe
occipital lobe
42
Solar energy is used to produce energy-rich compounds in which structure?
C
A
B
D
43
What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction?
The equilibrium of the reaction will be maintained
The reaction will stop
The reaction rate will decrease
The reaction rate will increase
44
Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated?
segregation of sister chromatids
crossing over in which alleles are exchanged
mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered
condensation and segregation of alleles
45
What lobe is designated by label 2?
frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital
46
In which of the following circumstances would it be most likely for large molecules to form
If oxygen were slowly added as the experiment progressed
If RNA segments that could act like catalysts formed
If amino acids and nucleic acids both formed
If the mixture were repeatedly heat & cooled
47
If a genetic defect prevented a protein catalyst from being produced, what would happen?
The reaction would proceed very slowly or not at all
The cell would find a different type of protein to catalyze
The reaction the protein catalyzes would occur some places
The reverse reaction would begin to proceed.
48
What is the relationship between proteins and nucleic acids?
Nucleic acids are a subset of proteins
Proteins are long polymers of nucleic acids
Nucleic acids use proteins for energy
Nucleic acids contain the information to make proteins
49
Why are there so few aquatic plants and phytoplankton at the bottom zones of the ocean?
the temperature in these zones is extremely low
most sunlight is absorbed before reaching these levels
the ocean floor contains many decomposers
water is a limiting factor
50
Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?
vacuole - cell division
mitochondrion - movement
ribosome - protein synthesis
nucleus - storage of nutrients
51
Which of the following characteristics defines a cell as a eukaryote?
Having a nucleus
Being able to reproduce
Being able to move
Having ribosomes
52
Doctors have confidence in what they know about how cells behave because
the basics of cell theory have not changed since the past
large medical places have conducted experiments to justify
cell theory has been tested, refined, and observed as true
what we know about cells is published in reputable journals
53
Which of the following carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis?
mRNA
nRNA
rRNA
tRNA
54
If a cell's lysosomes were damaged, which of the following would most likely occur?
The cell would be less able to break down molecules
The cell would be less able to regulate cytoplasmic fluid
The cell would have chloroplasts that are yellow
The cell would produce more proteins than it needs
55
Which event happens earliest during pregnancy?
Embryo reaches approximately fifteen inches in length
embryo's organs begin to function on their own
Embryo's cartilage begins to become bone
Embryo stores nutrients and minerals
56
A person w/ swollen gums rinses his mouse w/ salt water, and swelling decreases. Which occurred
The water solution lowers the temp of the water in the gums
The salt has moved against the concentration gradient
water has moved out bc of the high concentration of salt
The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution
57
Once the DNA in a cell has finished replicating and has rested, what's the next step?
The cell will start the replication process again right away
The cell will create proteins in its nucleus
The cell will begin to divide into daughter cells
The cell will start manufacturing mRNA
58
Complete burning of plant material returns carbon primarily to the
atmosphere
herbivores
water
vegetation
59
What is the name of the macromolecule that makes up the majority of the cell membrane?
nucleotide
carbohydrate
protein
lipid
60
Scientific law and and a scientific theory are similar in that both
Explain why events and conditions occur as they do in nature
represent a large amount of investigation and evidence
Describe the events that can be observed in nature
are based on what we expect to happen b/c of natural history
61
What is the term for a strong response to a harmless antigen in the environment?
an allergy
inflammatory response
cell mediated immunity
an autoimmune disease
62
Which stage of scientific investigation did the invention of the microscope advance the most?
Generating explanations of phenomena
Planning the investigation and experimentation
Gathering the data for the investigation
Communicating the results of experimentation
63
In what way did gene therapy, replacement of a faulty gene w/ a normal one stimulate research
the way in which dna replicates had to be determined
the effects of viral dna had to be studied
new medications had to be developed and tested
the genes on each chromosome had to be mapped and described
64
What type of molecule is formed from amino acids
proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
65
A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form building blocks of which organic compound
proteins
lipids
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
66
Which choice describes DNA after replication has taken place?
1 molecule with 2 original strands& another w/ 2 new strands
two molecules, each with two new strands
2 molecules, each with one original and one new strand
two molecules, each with two old strands
67
What is the body's first line of defense against infection by foreign organisms?
lymph nodes
the skin
white blood cells
antibodies
68
Which of the following best describes the characteristics that differentiate animals?
Animals have complex organ systems and reproduce sexually
Have external digestion and are vertebrates
Have eukaryotic cells and are multiceullar
Animals have rigid cell walls and specialized tissues
69
Which of the brain's regions is the last to develop?
The frontal lobe of the cerebrum
The medulla oblongata of the cerebellum
The temporal lobe of the cerebellum
The corpus callosum of the cerebrum
70
How is the scientific theory of evolution supported by skull comparison of us and our ancestors
Hip, spine, and skull comparison determine the age
Similarity in shape, hands and hips shows common ancestry
It provides evidence of human and other species interacting
Skull and skeleton show that ancestors were inferior to us
71
A plant and an animal are both living things. What can you conclude about these 2 living things
They both come from the same kind of cell
They both come from a non-living organism
Plants have cells but animals do not
They are both made of one or more cells
72
What property of water allows it to be such a versatile solvent?
expansion upon freezing
purity
high heat capacity
polarity and cohesion
73
RNA and DNA are which type of macromolecule?
lipid
protein
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
74
The enzyme lactase will break down the sugar lactose into which of the following components
amino acids
nucleic acids
monosaccharides
phospholipids
75
Which of the following would most likely cause a mutation?
the movement of transfer RNA out of the nucleus
the release of messenger RNA from DNA
the insertion of a nucleotide into DNA
placement of ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
76
How does the predator-prey relationship affect a population?
The predators and the prey are in competition w/ each other
The relationship controls population size of both species
Usually either the predator or the prey will become extinct
The predator species usually has exponential growth

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