stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
Duplicate of AP Psych Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
Duplicate of AP Psych Exam Review
Duplicate of AP Psych Exam Review
163 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
15 plays
Imported from external platform
Flashcards
163 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
163
Answers
1
Delusions and hallucinations are most characteristic of
dissociative identity disorder
antisocial personality disorder
obsessive-compulsive disorder
schizophrenia
2
According to Kohlberg, in order to reason at the postconventional level, people must
resolve the integrity vs. despair conflict
have been exposed to good, moral role models
be able to take another person's perspective
believe in God
3
which structure in the eye is most responsible for color vision
rods
optic nerve
cones
cornea
4
Which theory explains how experiences from infancy through old age influence personality
Piaget's cognitive development theory
Harlow's contact comfort theory
Kohlberg's moral development theory
Erikson's psychosocial stage theory
5
Lara is attracted to Craig but can't stand his friends and family. Her conflict is classified
approach-approach
she does not have a conflict
avoidance-avoidance
approach-avoidance
6
After a natural disaster Faye says, "Serves them right for not having better warning systems."
self-serving bias
just world bias
false consensus effect
Barnum effect
7
counterconditioning lies at the heart of which therapeutic approach
systematic desensitization
token economies
client-centered therapy
REBT
8
Intelligence researchers like Gardner and Sternberg argue that schools focus too much on
environmental factors that influence intelligence
traditional and analytical subjects and methods
meeting the needs of students with disabilities
nonessential subjects like art and music
9
A medication prescribed for major depression would most likely act on which neurotransmitter
adrenaline
acetylcholine
dopamine
serotonin
10
What percent of people score between 70 and 130 on the WISC (M: 100, SD:15)
84
95
50
68
11
Withdrawal symptoms are most directly caused by this process
activation-synthesis
dissociation
antagonists
tolerance
12
How would drive reduction theory explain a person eating half a bowl of M&M's and stopping
the person stopped when their body had reached homeostasis
they were satisfying the 2nd step on the hierarchy of needs
people eat in moderation to prevent being seen as selfish
humans are instinctively driven to eat sugar and fat
13
What research method could study the relationship between owning a hybrid car and being vegan
experiment
correlation study
case study
naturalistic observation
14
If Pavlov's dogs began to salivate when they heard a sound similar to a bell they would show
unconditioned response
stimulus generalization
stimulus discrimination
spontaneous recovery
15
people who catch violent movies are more likely to behave violently: this statement reflects
latent learning
observational learning
counterconditioning
insight learning
16
What would Piaget test to see if a child is in pre-operational or concrete operational stage
attachment
universal ethical principles
object permanence
conservation
17
At what age is the onset of schizophrenia most typical
mid 30s
puberty
late 40s
early 20s
18
Why are psychoanalysts interested in talking with patients about dreams
symbols in dreams represent unconscious conflicts
disturbing dreams are obstacles to self actualization
neurotransmitter anomalies cause dream disturbances
counter conditioned behaviors are often revealed in dreams
19
A doctor determining whether an accident caused structural damage to the brain would use
PET
rTMS
EEG
MRI
20
Which of the following is found in Jung's model of the collective unconscious
functional fixedness
repressed memories
inferiority complexes
archetypes
21
Which personality theory is criticized for its overly optimistic view of human nature
psychoanalytic
humanistic
trait
cognitive
22
Which theory would assert that a key motivation for people is spreading their genetic material
cognitive
evolutionary
psychodynamic
humanistic
23
patients who are described as "split brain" have had what structure removed
prefrontal cortex
corpus callosum
hippocampus
medulla oblongata
24
what kind of symptom is common among all somatic symptom disorders
disconnection from reality and delusions
experiencing a physical problem without a physical cause
inappropriate or flat affect
substance abuse and dependence
25
classical conditioning involves __________; operant conditioning involves __________
pairing stimuli; rewards and punishments
learned responses; physiological reactions
fixed intervals; variable ratios
schedules; punishers
26
in the nature vs. nurture debate, nature is most closely associated with
environment
family
culture
temperament
27
What was one of the factors that increased conformity in Asch's studies
placebo effect
wearing guard uniforms
size of the group
presence of an authority figure
28
Mary Ainsworth's Strange Situation experiment studied what developmental concept
parenting style
attachment
assimilation
motor development
29
which structure is part of the inner ear
auditory canal
basilar membrane
tympanic membrane
malleus (hammer)
30
Which question would be most useful to test Kohlberg's idea of pre & post-conventional morality
should you tell a small lie to not hurt someone's feelings
what is the best way to respond to a baby crying in her crib
at what age can children reason abstractly
If 3 are taken from a group of 12, how many are left
31
Which is a common criticism of Freud's personality theory
Genetics was not advanced enough to be used as Freud tried
his evidence comes from therapy sessions, not empirical data
his research wasn't representative of the population
it doesn't apply to people with disorders
32
Which of the following models of personality is the least deterministic
psychodynamic
humanistic
evolutionary
biological
33
What factors are ignored when people commit the fundament attribution error
behavioral
dispositional
social
situational
34
Vance's psychiatrist diagnoses him with bipolar disorder. Which medication would he prescribe
L-Dopa
benzodiazepines
SSRIs
lithium
35
which type of therapist is most likely to prescribe lithium for a patient with bipolar disorder
psychiatrist
clinical psychologist
psychoanalyst
cognitive psychotherapist
36
In a class of 25 students, all but 2 score between 82 and 94. The 2 scores of 47 and 55 are
variances
outliers
normally distributed
modes
37
After studying for weeks and taking an AP exam, Conrad gets the flu. What theory explains this
Selye's general adaptation syndrome
Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory
James-Lange theory of emotion
Yerkes-Dodson law
38
which of the following statistics provides most information about how spread out a data set is
standard deviation
range
median
mean
39
In people, rods, unlike cones,
are located in the center of the retina
have a lower absolute threshold for light
are unable to detect motion
respond more quickly to colors
40
A therapist who tells a client to write down their depressed thoughts is using this perspective
behavioral
structuralist
cognitive
pharmacological
41
Of the following, children will most likely develop this skill first
clap their hands
write with a pencil
cut with a knife
say a sentence
42
Sigmund Freud made this perspective popular in Western Europe at the turn of the 20th century
behavioral
psychoanalytic
cognitive
evolutionary
43
A person who experiences flashbacks after a serious car accident is likely to be diagnosed with
post-traumatic stress disorder
panic disorder
bipolar disorder
dissociative identity disorder
44
which social psychology principle best explains prejudice
individualism
compliance strategies
self-serving bias
in-group bias
45
authoritarian parents demonstrate
low warmth and high control
low warmth and low control
high warmth and high control
high warmth and low control
46
which psychologist would agree w/the following: behavior results from reinforcers & punishers
Albert Bandura
William James
B.F. Skinner
Carl Rogers
47
You girlfriend dumps you. "I always knew she was bad news" your friend says. This demonstrates
self-serving bias
overconfidence
hindsight bias
a theory
48
People who are easily hypnotizable are likely to score highly on which Big 5 trait
neuroticism
extraversion
openness
conscientiousness
49
a musicians ability to discern between 2 similar pitches depends on which concept
difference threshold
signal detection theory
absolute threshold
bottom up processing
50
our ability to perceive depth depends on what other perceptual abilities
vestibular and kinesthetic senses
binocular and monocular cues
proximity and similarity
top-down and bottom-up processing
51
Sherif's Robbers Cave study indicates that this principle best reduces tensions between groups
deindividuation
superordinate goals
diffusion of responsibility
group polarization
52
After repeated firings, neural connections are strengthened. What is this process
proactive interference
semantic encoding
state-dependent memory
long-term potentiation
53
Research indicates that which factor most influences one's sexual orientation
parenting style
masculine/feminine personality traits
traumatic childhood experiences
hormones released in the womb
54
10 YO Genna underwent a right hemispherectomy. What action best shows her neuroplasticity
understanding what was said to her
moving her left hand
speaking aloud
solving a logic problem
55
Which of the therapies below is no longer used to treat patients
prefrontal lobotomy
gestalt therapy
free association
electro-convulsive shock therapy
56
Lana learns how to be goalie as her coach gradually rolls the ball faster at parts the goal
higher-order conditioning
law of effect
token economy
behavior shaping
57
children who suffer brain damage can regain function more quickly than older patients due to
contralateral control
neuroplasticity
hemispheric lateralization
effective psychological environment
58
A teacher whose class culture encourages intrinsic motivation uses which management style
theory Y
approach-avoidance
postconventional
James-Lange
59
Ani believes she is capable of succeeding in nursing school. Her mindset is associated with
an extraverted personality
a strong superego
high self-efficacy
low self-esteem
60
What is true about experiments that is not of other research methods
they can determine causal relationships between variables
they involve more research participants than other studies
they take place in more realistic, real-life settings
they can gather data from a large number of people quickly
61
which 2 competing theories explain the effects of hypnosis
manifest content and latent content
conscious level and non conscious level
role theory and dissociation theory
circadian rhythm and paradoxical sleep
62
What kind of personality theorist would be most interested in the results of the MMPI
psychoanalytic
biological
trait
humanistic
63
Which best summarizes the results of Tolman's latent learning experiment
rats that received punishment ran the maze faster
rats who explored the maze first ran faster when reinforced
rats that were continually reinforced ran the maze faster
reinforcement had little impact on the rats' performance
64
Bandura's Bobo doll experiment evidenced the importance of __________ in social learning
latent learning
mirror neurons
modeling
sublimation
65
Most people can taste 1g of salt in 1qt of water. Which concept is related to this statement
sensory adaptation
frequency theory
absolute threshold
difference threshold
66
Which is most closely associated with creativity
divergent thinking
contextual intelligence
hypothesis testing
functional fixedness
67
Which technique would be most helpful in avoiding the problems associated with groupthink
responding to deindividuation among group members
encouraging contrary opinions within the group
identifying approach-avoidance conflicts
increasing group polarization within different groups
68
Which is an important technique used by humanist psychologists during therapy
defense mechanisms
unconditional positive regard
secondary central dispositions
factor analysis
69
an A+ grade in a class is which kind of reinforcer
primary
secondary
partial
continuous
70
which brain structure is involved in hunger motivation
amygdala
hypothalamus
cerebellum
medulla
71
One group receives an ad for 99% fat free milk; the other for 1% fat milk. What being tested
representativeness heuristic
framing effects
inattentional blindness
confirmation bias
72
what is the first step in any example of classical conditioning
reinforcing for a behavior similar to the desired behavior
pairing an unconditioned stimulus and a conditioned stimulus
rewarding a conditioned response with a conditioned stimulus
following a response with a reinforcement or punishment
73
According to Piaget, when we can't ______ new information, we change our schemas through ______
ignore : adaptation
assimilate : accomodate
reduce : stereotypes
reward : punishment
74
A person with a painful skin rash finds hard scratching temporarily relieves the pain
opponent-process theory
gate-control theory
frequency theory
transduction theory
75
Pat is laughing because she just won the lottery. Sal thinks she is a fun person. Sal's opinion
is influenced by the fundamental attribution error
is influenced by the just world hypothesis
is influenced by the self-serving bias
is influenced by the norm of reciprocity
76
The case study of Phineas Gage was significant because it was one of the the first examples of
treating a brain-damaged patient with psychotherapy
using a CAT scan to document the extent of the injury
treatment with drugs that alter neurotransmission
a specific brain area associated with emotional changes
77
An artist making a drawing could use which of the following to add depth to the picture
closure
linear perspective
retinal disparity
convergence
78
Which structure is located at the most central and protected part of the brain
cerebral cortex
medulla
sensory cortex
cerebellum
79
Someone who fails an exam and reacts by studying longer probably has this locus of control
fundamental
external
internal
situational
80
REM sleep deprivation generally causes what kinds of side effects
interference with memory tasks
intense, prolonged periods of Stage 3 & 4 sleep
heightened manifest dream content
sleep apnea and night terrors
81
What number will tell Matt whether his research is statistically significant
a correlation coefficient close to .75
a mean that is the same as the median
a probability of chance less than 5%
a standard deviation of 4 or more
82
An EEG of Cyrus after he has been asleep for about an hour would show primarily
beta waves
alpha waves
delta waves
sleep spindles
83
What theory of emotion are cognitive psychologists likely to support
Schachter two-factor theory
opponent process theory
social facilitation theory
James-Lange theory
84
which is an example of an implicit memory
recognizing a celebrity
recalling the name of your JH math teacher
describing the taste of a birthday cake
remembering how to tie your shoelace
85
James is interested in the processing strategies children use to learn new information. He is a
personality psychologist
clinical psychologist
sociocultural psychologist
cognitive psychologist
86
Which concept is most relevant to Noam Chomsky's theory of how children learn language
serial position effect
phonemes and morphemes
linguistic relativity hypothesis
language acquisition device
87
turning up the volume on a radio changes which aspect of sound
transduction of the wave
pitch of the tone
frequency of the wave
amplitude of the wave
88
negative reinforcers __________ a stimulus in order to ___________ a behavior
remove : decrease
remove : increase
remove : punish
add : decrease
89
the somatic nervous system is part of the
sympathetic nervous system
central nervous system
peripheral nervous system
autonomic nervous system
90
What kind of therapy involves both cognitive and behavioral interventions
aversion therapy
systematic desensitization
rational emotive behavior therapy
counterconditioning
91
Which part of the brain is "newest" in an evolutionary sense
cerebellum
pons
hypothalamus
cerebral cortex
92
Knowledge of different categories of trees is an example of what type of long-term memory
eidetic memory
semantic memory
episodic memory
procedural memory
93
Which is most directly involved in the electrical aspect of neurotransmission
neurotransmiters
synaptic cleft
terminal button
myelin
94
A teacher ignoring her students' prior grades so her opinion of them is not influenced avoids
fundamental attribution error
cognitive dissonance
self-serving bias
self-fulfilling prophecy
95
The fact that our ears are located on opposite sides of our head best helps us with
sensory adaptation
sound localization
detecting absolute threshold
hearing high frequencies
96
What is the purpose of the DSM
describe the biopsychosocial causes of disorders
explain the symptoms and cures of disorders
list the diagnostic criteria and symptoms of disorders
discuss theories related to the treatment of disorders
97
which disorder would respond best to cognitive behavioral therapy
dissociative identity disorder
schizophrenia
bipolar disorder
major depressive disorder
98
which newborn reflex helps infants find and eat food
Babinski
Moro
stepping
rooting
99
testing the problem-solving skills of 10, 20, and 30-year-olds in a study uses this method
longitudinal study
developmental study
social-cognitive study
cross-sectional study
100
What area of psychology focuses on subjective well-being, optimism, self-esteem, and happiness
social psychology
positive psychology
psychometrics
health psychology
101
How would a psychometrician interpret an IQ score of 145
three standard deviations above the mean of 100
slightly above average
the person has high verbal bot low logical intelligence
well below the average of 200
102
which of the following is most likely to lead to a confabulated memory
brain injury
proactive interference
leading questions
relearning effect
103
which kinds of personality theorists would make use of a projective test
social-cognitive
trait
humanist
psychoanalyst
104
A personality test which calls Jan an extravert the first time and an introvert the next lacks
aptitude measures
test-retest reliability
construct validity
standardization
105
Restarting your printer over and over but failing to notice it is out of paper demonstrates
divergent thinking
belief perseverance
low experiential intelligence
a mental set
106
If a distribution of scores includes outliers, which measure of central tendency should be used
range
median
mean
standard deviation
107
the "c" in the word
cat
is best described as a
grapheme
phoneme
holobase
morpheme
108
Someone who can't move the muscles needed for accurate speech might have brain damage where
Wernicke's area
Gage's area
Broca's area
hippocampus
109
A librarian gives a prize for every five books students read. Her schedule of reinforcement is
fixed ratio
continuous
fixed variable
variable interval
110
when first born, humans' dominant sense is
smell
hearing
sight
touch
111
When running for class president, Edy puts pictures of herself everywhere. Why might this help
foot-in-the-door phenomenon
central route persuasion
deindividuation
mere-exposure effect
112
Bandura's theory of reciprocal determinism states personality results from the interaction of
genetics, the unconscious, and social facilitation
id, ego, and superego
rewards, punishments, and reinforcers
traits, the environment, and behavior
113
which of the following most impacts the speed of motor development
concrete operational exercises
secure attachment with parents
myelination of brain neurons
early gross motor practice
114
which technique controls for both experimenter and subject bias
single blind study
Hawthorne effect
counterbalancing
double blind study
115
which of the following terms applies to IQ tests
standardized
achievement
projective
triarchic
116
Garcia and Koelling's research on aversions established which UCS/CS pairs as most powerful
movement and electrical shocks
performing a task and receiving food
punishment and aversion
nausea and food or drink
117
When like-minded groups take more extreme positions than individuals comprising the group
groupthink
social facilitation
deindividuation
group polarization
118
Harlow's rhesus monkey experiment illustrated
that language is a uniquely human skill
that primates can make and use tools
the danger of separating babies from their natural parents
the importance of physical contact to development
119
damage to the occipital region of the brain would most likely affect which sense
balance
touch
sight
hearing
120
A low level of glucose in Sam's bloodstream would most likely make him want to
make new friends
pursue a romantic interest
eat a meal
go for a run
121
what is the principle tool used in all forms of psychotherapy
cognitive-behavioral interventions
secondary preventions
talking to a patient
biomedical interventions
122
Amy has a cat. The first time she sees a rabbit she calls it a cat. Her mistake is due to
assimilation
discrimination
accommodation
habituation
123
Maria slams the car door and yells at her kids. Now when they hear a car door slam they cringe
operant conditioning
classical conditioning
instrumental learning
observational learning
124
4YO Kate sits right in front of all the other kids to watch a magician. According to Piaget,
Kate is demonstrating egocentrism
Kate has a lack of conservation
Kate cannot reason hypothetically
Kate lacks object permanence
125
seeing someone at the grocery store and remembering their name is an example of
recall
tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
episodic memory
retroactive memory
126
Erikson's initiative vs. guilt stage is most closely related to Freud's
anal stage
phallic stage
oral stage
latency period
127
Which statement best represents the relationship between performance and arousal
performance is best at low and high levels of arousal
performance steadily increases as arousal increases
performance continually decreases as arousal increases
too little or too much arousal is harmful to performance
128
a charity includes free address labels in its fundraising letters to increase contributions
self-fulfilling prophecy
fundamental attribution error
reciprocity norm
out-group homogeneity
129
The ability to solve a new computer game based on logical puzzles probably depends on
crystallized intelligence
fluid intelligence
multiple intelligences
aptitude intelligence
130
physiological reactions like surprise or shock are controlled by which part of the NS
sympathetic nervous system
somatic nervous system
serotonin system
endocrine system
131
Choosing 20 people at random from a large lecture class of 400 is an example of
representative assignment
random sampling
assignment to conditions
random assignment
132
en route
to the visual cortex, information from the eyes' retinas crosses at the
fovea
optic chiasm
feature detectors
optic nerve
133
When Jake is late to basketball practice his coach makes him run laps. Jake is not late again
modeling
negative reinforcement
positive reinforcement
positive punishment
134
Which best describes how neurons communicate with one another
electrical signals between two myelin sheaths
hormones jump from one axon to the next
physical contact between dendrites
chemical signals at the synaptic cleft
135
In the 3-box model of information processing, memories are first stored in
long-term memory
sensory memory
procedural memory
short-term memory
136
Abraham Maslow theorized that people are motivated by
satisfying needs on a hierarchy
achieving physiological homeostasis
desire to achieve in the eyes of others
reinforcement of primary and secondary needs
137
A test that identifies people with the potential to be great lawyers is an example of a(n)
EQ test
aptitude test
achievement test
IQ test
138
a test which places someone into personality categories (e.g.extravert/introvert) is based on
biological theory
psychodynamic theory
social cognitive theroy
trait theory
139
According to humanist theory, psychological disorders are most likely caused by
neurochemical imbalances
learned associations
unhealthy attributional styles
unfulfilled needs
140
Elizabeth Loftus' research on wording and misinformation effects on memory best demonstrate
the role of the hippocampus in memory
the serial position effect
the rate at which people forget information
the reconstructive nature of memory
141
what kinds of motivations best encourage positive behaviors to persist over time
intrinsic motivation
primary drives
extrinsic motivation
need for achievement
142
Runners in a park increase their speed when another runner comes into view. This illustrates
disinhibition
social roles
social facilitation
conformity
143
which would a researcher need to use to determine whether experiment data is significant
descriptive statistics
standard deviation
inferential statistics
counterbalancing
144
Milgram's obedience study was criticized based on what ethical grounds
lack of informed consent
lack of debriefing
violation of confidentiality
risk of psychological harm
145
According to Freud, what is the dominant factor in determining our personality traits
unconscious conflicts
secondary drives and needs
parenting styles
genetics and nutrition
146
if the College Board left out questions about neuroscience on the AP exam, the test would lack
content validity
split-half reliability
predictive validity
test-retest reliability
147
A variable ratio of reinforcement is often preferable to a fixed ratio because
fixed ratios allow both classical and operant learning
variable ratio schedules are more resistant to extinction
fixed ratio schedules are more time intensive
variable ratio schedules produce the quickest results
148
Which of the following is LEAST likely to contribute to prejudice
superordinate goals
out-group homogeneity
stereotyping
scapegoating
149
learned helplessness is most likely to be directly related to
the Oedipus complex
unconditional positive regard
an external locus of control
the self-serving bias
150
An American's prototype of a chair is most likely to include
four legs and a seat
pens, pencils, and a computer
a desk and/or table
an armchair, chairlift, and wheelchair
151
Julie is more alert in the morning; John in the evening. This is because of differences in
daily activities
personalities
sleep cycles
circadian rhythm
152
A musician who signs a recording contract stops playing for fun. This is best explained by
latent learning
social learning theory
the law of effect
the overjustification effect
153
Reading a job description written with masculine pronouns, people think of the employee as male
the social role hypothesis
gender schema theory
linguistic relativity hypothesis
principle of continuity
154
light enters the eye through an opening in the
fovea
blind spot
iris
retina
155
psychogenic amnesia is an indication of which kind of psychological disorder
schizophrenic
personality
anixety
dissociative
156
Which is one of the key factors distinguishing major depressive disorder from sadness
lasts longer than 2 weeks without an obvious cause
sadness is paired with heightened senses and mania
normal sadness is much less intense than depression
specific changes in the brain
157
Which of the following has been linked to a deficit of dopamine
Parkinson's disease
autism
major depressive disorder
Alzheimer's disease
158
Dan is a toddler who avoids eye contact and resists to changes to routine. He shows symptoms of
fetal alcohol syndrome
autism spectrum disorder
mental retardation
Down syndrome
159
Ryan suffers from constant, low-level arousal of his autonomic NS. He most likely suffers from
obsessive-compulsive disorder
generalized anxiety disorder
post-traumatic stress disorder
major depressive disorder
160
When Susie went to prom with Dan, Max channeled his feelings of frustration into artwork
projection
displacement
sublimation
reaction formation
161
Which best explains the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory
perceived control over life reduces stress and improves mood
an event causes an emotion and a physiological response
people follow a pattern of alarm, resistance, exhaustion
physiological reaction and cognitive labeling cause emotion
162
How would a person with schizophrenia most differ from a person with a dissociative disorder
a person with schizophrenia has more than one personality
a person with dissociative disorder has trouble keeping jobs
a person with schizophrenia experiences hallucinations
a person with a dissociative disorder has delusions
163
the limbic system plays an important role in
planning for the future
regulating emotion
processing sensory information
maintaining balance