Pharm exam 1

What kind of compounds/drugs are able to pass the blood-brain barrier via passive diffusion?

What is the most common way drugs pass through biologic membrane?

(Def) drugs where small differences in dose or blood conc. May lead to serious therapeutic failures and ADRs

What decreases lipid solubility?

(Def) a drug’s efficacy is improved by repeatedly diluting it in water

Which of the following is the name for drugs entering the body via the alimentary canal?

Every dose of schedule ___ drug must be accounted for by formal logging procedure?

what do alpha 2 drugs treat?

(Def) serious events with negative outcomes

When drugs go generic, there can be multiple trade names

Norepinephrine acs on alpha 1 more than alpha 2

which of the following is an antispacitity drug?

(Def) reaction involving adding a hydrogen or removing an oxygen

A drug can be biological or chemically synthesized

When a company develops a new drug and submits it for approval, a ___ yr patent is issued

Which drug has the largest efficacy?

(Def) a branch of health sciences dealing with the prep, dispensing, and proper utilization of drugs

(Def) copyrighted name assigned by a pharmaceutical company

What are some things that alpha-1 drug agonists treat?

Which of the following is a Cholinergic indirect agonist drug?

Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter for both sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons

What describes duration of activity of a drug?

In the stomach, what kinds of drugs will be more lipid-permeable (and be absorbed better)?

Which of the following drugs treat glaucoma as a direct agonist?

Exogenous drugs can be full agonists, partial agonists, OR antagonists

Nutritional supplement manufacturers need FDA approval before producing or marketing

(Def) a measure of magnitude of response to a drug

Which of the following is NOT an ADR for anticholingeric agents?

When a drug is being taken on the regular basis, it takes ___ half lives for the drug to achieve steady state

Which drug is an antagonist used to treat neurogenic bladder and incontinence?

A drug is active as soon as it binds to a plasma protein

Efficacy, potency, toxicity, and dose-response are concepts of …

(Def) competes with agonist for binding receptors and binds irreversibly

What are some parenteral ways to introduce a drug into the body?

(Def) the manner by which an individuals genetic profile influence the response to drugs

What occurs due to a chemical modification of the receptor protein, such as phosphorylation?

What phase of the drug approval process only involves animal testing?

Metabolites are usually more polarized which makes them… (facilitates their excretion)

(def) these bind cholinergic receptors and activate them

Which of the following is a disadvantage to buccal administration of drugs?

A higher therapeutic index indicates a safer drug

which of the following mixed alpha and beta agonists are a schedule II controlled substance?

Volume of Distribution (Vd) is low for drugs that remain in the systemic circulation

Oral administration cannot bypass the first-pass effect

drug concentration in ___ is used to determine therapeutic drug levels

(Def) the chemical attraction of a drug for a receptor

Sublingual/Buccal administration is not subject to first-pass metabolism

Supplement manufacturers cannot market a supplement as a product to diagnosis, cure, or prevent conditions

Which of the following drugs are an indirect agonist in treating glaucoma?

Ligand - receptor usually form what kind of chemical bonds?

A weak base in acid is usually…

A more potent drug requires a lower dose to produce a given effect

Which classification of controlled substances has the lowest potential for abuse?

which of the following is an example of an alpha-1 drug ANTAGONIST?

Which of the following occurs in Phase II of the drug approval process?

The generic drug name is the rarely used in clinical practice

What do muscarinic antagonists target?

What are 3 examples of reliable drug information resources?

Which drug is used to treat motion sickness?

Enzyme inhibition results in…

Which of the following is a disadvantage for oral drug administration?

How can an oral tablet be formulated to minimize the drugs being dissolved in the stomach?

What is the bioavailability of IV injections?

(Def) the manner by which the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes, and eliminates drugs

Which of the following are phase 2 metabolizing reactions?

What detoxifies drugs by conjugation into more water-soluble forms?

Where will basic drugs be best absorbed?

Drugs that bind to plasma proteins have more drug-drug interactions (such as competition)

Where are non-absorbed drugs eliminated?

A neurotransmitter is an example of an endogenous ligand

Affinity = strength

What are some treatment uses for beta-1 agonists drugs?

Transdermal drugs are delivered the skin for systemic distribution

It costs $1-3 billion to bring a chemical entity through the approval process and to make it to market

What do alpha 1 antagonists do?

What therapeutically would decreased the rate of drug distribution to blood supply?

Drugs in the lower part of the rectum bypass the liver via….

(Def) measure of amount of plasma cleared of “active” drug per unite of time

which of the following is a non-selective beta-1 antagonist used to treat hypertension, agina, intentional tremors, ect

Which of the Superfamilies (receptor types) involve an internal catalytic area?

Covalent bonds are weak and reversible