Cell Biology Basics

Question 1

What do vacuoles store?

Accepted Answer

Water and nutrients

Question 2

Which type of transport requires energy where molecules are pushed AGAINST the concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Question 3

A white blood cell uses its lysosomes to destroy bacteria. What function does the lysosome serve in this process?

Accepted Answer

Digestion of harmful substances

Question 4

What would happen to a cell if its ribosomes were not functioning properly?

Accepted Answer

It would not be able to build proteins

Question 5

Active transport...

Accepted Answer

Requires a partially permeable membrane, Requires energy, Low to high concentration gradient

Question 6

Why is metabolism considered an essential characteristic of life?

Accepted Answer

It allows organisms to obtain and use energy

Question 7

What is one of the functions of the cell membrane that helps it to maintain homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Transport nutrients

Question 8

Which scenario best demonstrates an organism maintaining homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A person sweating to cool down

Question 9

True or false: Ribosomes synthesize proteins using the instructions from DNA

Accepted Answer

True

Question 10

Facilitated transport requires ____________________________.

Accepted Answer

A carrier protein

Question 11

Which structure composed of phosphlipids controls cell transport?

Accepted Answer

Cell membrane

Question 12

What would happen if an enzyme’s shape is changed due to high heat (chicken liver lab!)?

Accepted Answer

The enzyme would become denatured and stop working.

Question 13

Which characteristic of life is demonstrated when a sunflower turns toward sunlight?

Accepted Answer

Response to the environment/stimuli

Question 14

A scientist observes a cell with a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole. What type of cell is it?

Accepted Answer

plant cell

Question 15

Monosaccharides are the monomers that make up which macromolecule?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why viruses are not considered living organisms?

Accepted Answer

They cannot reproduce without a host cell

Question 17

Which organelle is involved in cell division and help the cell divide?

Accepted Answer

Centrioles

Question 18

Which type of transport does not require energy?

Accepted Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 19

True or false: The nucleus contains DNA in prokaryotic cells.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 20

Which organelle is involved in photosynthesis in plants and during this process, absorbs CO2 and releases oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Chloroplast

Question 21

Which organelle produces energy through the process of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Question 22

In a hypotonic solution, a red blood cell will:

Accepted Answer

swell

Question 23

A plant cell is sitting in a hypertonic solution. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

the cell membrane will pull away from the cell wall & shrink

Question 24

Which organelle is responsible for synthesis of lipids including steroids?

Accepted Answer

Smooth ER

Question 25

Name two organelles that are only found in plant cells

Accepted Answer

cell wall and chloroplast

Question 26

What do both living cells and viruses have in common?

Accepted Answer

Contain genetic material

Question 27

Why are enzymes considered specific to one type of reaction?

Accepted Answer

Each enzyme has a unique active site that fits a specific substrate.

Question 28

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in Eukaryotic cells

Accepted Answer

Modify and package proteins

Question 29

What do lysosomes do with the help of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Digest waste

Question 30

Predict what would happen to a cell that was placed in a hypertonic solution.

Accepted Answer

the cell would shrivel

Question 31

Fill in the blanks: Active Transport______________ and Passive Transport________________

Accepted Answer

requires energy; does not require energy

Question 32

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotes have a nucleus, and prokaryotes don't.

Question 33

Nucleotides are the monomers that make up which macromolecule?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic Acids

Question 34

In what direction will water move in a cell placed into a hypotonic solution?

Accepted Answer

into the cell

Question 35

Which macromolecule are steroids an example of?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 36

Based on the diagram, which way do molecules move in passive transport?

Accepted Answer

From high to low concentration

Question 37

Based on the diagram, what are the products that are released through photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen and Sugar

Question 38

Which of the following would most likely slow down the activity of an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

Moving it to a very acidic environment

Question 39

The hydrophobic (scared of water) portion of cell membrane is

Accepted Answer

Facing towards the center of the plasma membrane to get away from water

Question 40

Which statement best describes homeostasis in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

The ability to maintain a stable internal environment

Question 41

The glucose (sugar) that is made during photosynthesis is a _____________.

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate

Question 42

Which egg is in a hypotonic solution?

Accepted Answer

The egg in vinegar

Question 43

True or false: Prokaryotes were believed to have evolved on Earth before Eukaryotes

Accepted Answer

True

Question 44

Which is larger, a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic

Question 45

DNA is an example of which macromolecule?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic Acids

Question 46

Amino acids are the monomers that make up which macromolecule?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Question 47

What would be the diploid number of chromosomes after this cell go through mitosis?

Accepted Answer

2n = 4

Question 48

What would identify this cell as a plant cell versus an animal cell?

Accepted Answer

Cell Wall

Question 49

What is osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Water movement across a semipermeable membrane

Question 50

Which macromolecule are the enzymes that your body needs to function?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Question 51

Which of the following is a characteristic shared by all living things?

Accepted Answer

Being Multicellular

Question 52

Which organelle would most likely be found in high quantities in a muscle cell due to its energy needs?

Accepted Answer

mitochondria

Question 53

Fatty acids are the monomers that make up which macromolecule?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 54

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells both have

Accepted Answer

DNA

Question 55

Based on the diagram, what is required for Active Transport?

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 56

If a cell’s Golgi apparatus is damaged, which of the following is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Protein Packaging and transport

Cell Biology Basics

Questions 56

Cell Biology Basics

Questions 56