At which university did John McCarthy work when he conceptualized timesharing?

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Which of the following setbacks did the Multics project NOT face?

Its internal computer was underpowered.

How did the outcome of the ENIAC patent case impact the development of the electronics industry?

It led to increased innovation and competition.

Which action did Fred Brooks take in hopes of speeding up the release of OS/360?

adding more people to the project

The corporate owner of the ENIAC patent filed suit in hopes of

royalties from competing manufacturers

How did microprogramming allow users to emulate other computers?

by running older programs at a faster speed

Why was the general acceptance of high-level programming languages limited during the 1940s?

The compilers were slow and inefficient.

What is a key feature of a high-level programming language?

syntax that uses a mixture of math and English

Why did John Backus want to develop FORTRAN?

to generate machine codes efficiently

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Social Science Mega Part 3

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Questions 99

Answers

1
BASIC’s release in 1964 MOST directly led to the creation of
IBM
Microsoft
Dell
DEC
2
How many users could CTSS support simultaneously?
twenty
thirty
ten
forty
3
Which of the following research labs made the Unix operating system?
IBM
MIT
Hewlett-Packard
Bell Labs
4
At which university did John McCarthy work when he conceptualized timesharing?
Princeton University
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Dartmouth College
University of Pennsylvania
5
Which type of memory did IBM’s 704 and 705 machines use?
delay line
Williams tubes
core memory
vacuum tubes
6
Which of the following firms was part of the merger that formed Unisys?
Burroughs
NCR
Honeywell
CDC
7
What was the speed difference from the faster System/360 model to the slowest?
15:1
25:1
20:1
10:1
8
Which of the following setbacks did the Multics project NOT face?
Its internal computer was underpowered.
It was seriously underfunded.
Its general-purpose functionality was difficult to implement.
Its system had many bugs.
9
How did the outcome of the ENIAC patent case impact the development of the electronics industry?
It allowed foreign competitors to affect American firms.
It led to a more limited technological scope.
It led to increased innovation and competition.
It insulated American firms from outside competitors.
10
Who coined the term “second-system effect”?
John McCarthy
Fernando Corbató
Fred Brooks
John Kemeny
11
Which decade did both FORTRAN and COBOL dominate?
1940s
1990s
2000s
1970s
12
Which of the following firms no longer exists due to disintegration?
CDC
NCR
Sperry Rand
Burroughs
13
Which of the following firms purchased the ENIAC patent?
Sperry Rand
Lockheed Martin
Samsung
Boeing
14
How long did it take for John Backus and his team to finish the FORTRAN compiler?
one year
five years
three months
three years
15
Which of the following inventions did Digital Equipment Corporation create?
the mouse
the minicomputer
the GPU
the motherboard
16
Which action did Fred Brooks take in hopes of speeding up the release of OS/360?
cutting features from the final version of OS/360
splitting OS/360 into multiple releases
adding more people to the project
restarting the project using newer framework
17
Which of the following keys did CTSS keyboards popularize?
alt
control
shift
tab
18
Which of the following terms is NOT in the acronym BASIC?
beginner’s
instruction
code
semantic
19
The corporate owner of the ENIAC patent filed suit in hopes of
the cessation of competing manufacturing
a merger with competing manufacturers
royalties from competing manufacturers
industry information from competing manufacturers
20
Large room-filling computers, such as those sold by IBM, were known as
mega-machines
compilers
mainframes
analog computers
21
The operating system of the PDP-11 included a modified version of
LISP
Objective C
BASIC
COBOL
22
Which of the following universities produced Project Whirlwind?
MIT
Harvard
Yale
Stanford
23
Which of the following household objects is closest to the size of the PDP-8?
microwave
television
refrigerator
desk
24
Which of the following computers inspired Project Whirlwind?
Manchester Mark I
ENIAC
UNIVAC
EDSAC
25
Fred Brooks wrote a book titled
The Fallacy of Human Labor Productivity
The Fallacy of Freedom and Failure
The Myth of Endless Computer Expansion
The Mythical Man-Month
26
Which organization promoted FACT as their own business-oriented compiler?
Honeywell
the United States government
UNIVAC
NATO
27
The founder of DEC had previously worked on
the ENIAC
the SSEC
Project Whirlwind
the Harvard Mark 1
28
What kind of code are native computer instructions today?
source
mnemonic
object
numeric
29
How did microprogramming allow users to emulate other computers?
by replicating the user interface of the other computer
by recompiling applications for the System/360 model line
by running older programs at a faster speed
by connecting computers through a local access network
30
Which of the following features is NOT a part of an operating system?
memory
processor
software
modem
31
Which of the following prices is closest to that of the PDP-1?
$25,000
$50,000
$125,000
$100,000
32
Which early high-level programming language uses a syntax similar to simple algebra?
FORTRAN
UNIVAC
FLOW-MATIC
COBOL
33
Which of the following programming languages was designed for business applications?
FORTRAN
FLOW-MATIC
Python
LISP
34
Who designed the EDVAC?
John von Neumann
Herman Goldstine
Grace Hopper
J. Presper Eckert
35
Why was the general acceptance of high-level programming languages limited during the 1940s?
High-level languages were popularized by a female computer scientist.
Companies lacked the funding for skilled programmers.
Low-level languages could be easily automated.
The compilers were slow and inefficient.
36
Which university sponsored BASIC?
Dartmouth College
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
University of Pennsylvania
Stanford University
37
Which of the following aspects is NOT a difference between COBOL and FORTRAN?
governance
intended application
popularity
country of origin
38
The SABRE system’s data center ran using a pair of IBM
701 computers
7090 computers
704 computers
1620 computers
39
The abbreviation PDP is short for
"Programmed Data Processor"
“Paneled Data Processor”
“Parallel Data Processor”
“Personal Data Processor”
40
Which of the following companies worked to develop the SABRE system?
JetBlue Airlines
Delta Airlines
American Airlines
United Airlines
41
What is a key feature of a high-level programming language?
the ability to generate new instructions for a computer
binary codes written by the programmer
data physically stored in taller sections of a computer
syntax that uses a mixture of math and English
42
Which of the following computer engineers founded DEC?
Maurice Wilkes
Trevor Pearcey
Frederick Williams
Kenneth Olsen
43
What was the primary benefit of an interpreted language for beginning programmers?
rapid feedback
runtime optimizations
cross-platform support
faster overall execution
44
Which area of research is associated with LISP?
linguistics
marketing
civil engineering
artificial intelligence
45
Fred Brooks participated in the OS/360 project for
Microsoft
IBM
Acer
Apple
46
Which of the following programming languages is NOT popular today?
COBOL
JavaScript
Python
R
47
Which modern technique descended from multiprogramming?
multitasking
remote desktop
mobile applications
user accounts
48
Why did John Backus want to develop FORTRAN?
to persuade IBM superiors into giving him a pay raise
to generate machine codes efficiently
to create a compiler used for business applications
to comply with a government standardization mandate
49
The Unix operating system did NOT have a major impact on
Mac OS
the Xbox
the world wide web
the Android operating system
50
Which compiler did UNIVAC improve and release as FLOW-MATIC?
FORTRAN
B-0
COBOL
Z4
51
Which of the following improvements that came with System/360 was revolutionary for its time?
compact personal computers
core memory
machine-language compatibility
faster calculations
52
Which of the following characteristics did NOT differentiate IBM’s 704 and 705 models?
instruction format
predecessor
memory storage
intended audience
53
What does an assembler turn into numeric code?
mnemonics
binary codes
algebraic equations
hardware configuration
54
Which university developed LISP?
University of Pennsylvania
Iowa State University
Federal Technical Institute
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
55
The “second-system effect” refers to
sequels that are over-designed
last-minute design changes that exceed initial constraints
electronic components that shrink exponentially over time
companies that hire too many engineers
56
Why did IBM want to unify its product line?
to reduce the manpower needed for multiple projects
to satisfy a wide range of consumer needs
to cope with increasing hardware costs
to advertise to households rather than organizations
57
Which of the following statements BEST describes the state of timesharing systems by the early 1970s?
Personal computers had largely replaced timesharing systems.
Timesharing emerged as one of the hottest computing technologies.
Many organizations had shifted to in- house timesharing systems.
Most users still preferred traditional batch processing over timesharing.
58
Which branch of the United States military requested Project Whirlwind?
Marines
Coast Guard
Navy
Air Force
59
Which distinctive type of syntax does LISP use?
nested
looped
listed
functional
60
The SAGE system operated until the early
1960s
1980s
1970s
2000s
61
Project Whirlwind did NOT include
a mouse
core memory
a cathode-ray screen
a printer
62
The first widely used high-level programming language was created at
Honeywell
BINAC
IBM
Intel
63
What was the main purpose fulfilled by microprogramming?
to turn input programs into shortcuts
to allow slower models to run the same programs as high end models
to display large amounts of information on smaller screens
to reduce the storage needed for each program
64
Why did a UNIVAC executive feel threatened by one of Grace Hopper’s FLOW-MATIC versions?
Hopper gave herself access to the executive’s computer.
Hopper replaced all the English terms with French.
The version of FLOW-MATIC was filled with scientific jargon.
The computer accurately predicted the presidential election.
65
Which of the following organizations sponsored a large-scale software engineering conference in 1968?
the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
the European Union
the World Trade Organization
the Warsaw Pact
66
A teletype machine combines a
mouse and keyboard
printer and monitor
keyboard and printer
monitor and keyboard
67
Which of the following judges decided against the corporate owner of the ENIAC patent in their lawsuit?
Alia Moses
Debra Brown
Earl Warren
Earl Larson
68
What is the function of the plan preparation machine?
automating any general-purpose computer
translating programming instructions as codes
auto completing instructions based on shorthand English
reducing the amount of codes that need to be entered into the computer
69
The United States military spread the SAGE system across
43 sites
33 sites
23 sites
13 sites
70
What concepts do programmers NOT have to consider while working with an assembly language?
mathematical functions
memory address
instruction format
numeric codes
71
The PDP-11 inspired the pattern of the
TI TMS100
Motorola 68000
Intel 4004
CMOS 58616
72
The first "personal" computers were made in the
2000s
1970s
1980s
1990s
73
The C programming language influenced the design of all of the following languages EXCEPT
Java
Objective C
Python
BASIC
74
Which of the following states contained the SABRE data center?
New York
Texas
California
Washington
75
The launch of the OEM industry allowed companies to
attach additional memory units to their computers
quickly transfer information between machines
run their own in-house time-sharing operation
customize and resell pre-purchased computers
76
LISP stands for
List Processing
Lists of Symbols in Parentheses
Learning In Short Patterns
Linguistics Specific
77
The corporate owner of the ENIAC patent argued that the patent applied for all
electronics
alternating-current machines
electronic computers
calculating machines
78
Which of the following programming languages is the oldest?
COBOL
COMTRAN
FACT
FORTRAN
79
How many smaller operating systems for the System/360 were released before OS/360?
four
two
six
five
80
The most popular languages for software development today are descended from
FORTRAN
A-0
English
C
81
After its transfer, Project Whirlwind became known as the
SCAMP
RAMAC
AN/FSQ-7
System/3
82
What organization created the computer that first ran Dartmouth’s BASIC?
IBM
AT&T
General Electric
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
83
Who was the head of Project Whirlwind?
Jay Forrester
Kenneth Olsen
Harold Black
Robert Fano
84
In batch-oriented computing, the program is
passed through multiple compilers
submitted as decks of punched cards
returned within a few minutes
coded in a high-level language
85
How often could the original timesharing systems switch between tasks?
several times a second
once an hour
once a day
every few minutes
86
The PDP-11 originally ran on
RSTS-11
CP/M
Unix
MS-DOS
87
Grace Hopper was enlisted in the United States
Coast Guard
Marines
Air Force
Navy
88
In which year did IBM initially announce a single computer platform intended for both scientists and business people?
1965
1959
1975
1964
89
For which company did John Mauchly want Grace Hopper to work?
Eckert-Mauchly Computer
ENIAC
IBM
UNIVAC
90
The personal computer originated in the
1950s
1990s
1970s
1960s
91
Which figure MOST influenced COBOL’s design?
Grace Hopper
John Backus
Fred Brooks
John von Neumann
92
Who led the creation of CTSS?
Fred Brooks
Fernando Corbató
John McCarthy
John Kemeny
93
Which of the following products is NOT an operating system?
System/360
iOS
Linux
Android
94
Project Whirlwind became the first
personal computer
minicomputer
supercomputer
interactive computer
95
Why did the PDP-1 become successful?
It cut out unnecessary add-ons to reduce its price.
It provided a consumer-friendly interface.
It was far more powerful than its competitors.
It had a highly successful marketing campaign.
96
Which computer scientist is MOST commonly associated with popularizing the concept of high-level languages?
Jean Bartik
Grace Hopper
Kathleen McNulty
John Backus
97
How was programming the EDVAC different from the ENIAC?
Programs were created by moving switches and wires.
A high-level programming language could be used to provide instructions.
A list of instructions could be mapped as individual codes.
Tapes and disks were used as inputs.
98
What is an advantage of the 704’s dedicated hardware over the 705?
ability to perform floating-point arithmetic
storage versatility
faster calculation speeds
support for COBOL
99
Which of the following companies received the rights to Project Whirlwind?
NCR
DEC
EMCC
IBM

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