Unit 3- Religious Conflicts, Scientific Revolution, and Enlightenment Test

Question 1

Which thinker argued for the separation of powers in government?

Accepted Answer

Montesquieu

Question 2

How does the separation of powers help governments function?

Accepted Answer

It ensures no single branch has total power

Question 3

Why did Henry VI convert to Catholicism?

Accepted Answer

to stay in power

Question 4

Theories are explanations for why or how something happens based on

Accepted Answer

what people can observe about a thing or event

Question 5

The Social Contract Theory says that people need to agree to let their government rule them

Accepted Answer

True

Question 6

Copernicus developed the theory that the Earth revolves around the sun.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 7

Voltaire supported which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Freedom of religion and speech

Question 8

Who argued that people were naturally selfish and needed a strong ruler?

Accepted Answer

Hobbes

Question 9

Which treaty ended the Thirty Years' War?

Accepted Answer

Treaty of Westphalia

Question 10

What did Denis Diderot create to spread Enlightenment ideas?

Accepted Answer

The Encyclopedie

Question 11

The Scientific Revolution encouraged people to question traditional beliefs and use observation.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 12

Natural rights are rights people are born with and cannot be taken away.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 13

The belief that reason is the main source of knowledge is

Accepted Answer

rationalism

Question 14

The Spanish Armada was launched by Spain to invade which country?

Accepted Answer

England

Question 15

What does a Constitutional monarchy mean?

Accepted Answer

a monarch shares power with their government

Question 16

The Spanish Armada was a major naval victory for Spain

Accepted Answer

False

Question 17

According to René Descartes, the source of scientific truth is...

Accepted Answer

reasoning

Question 18

Rene Descartes argued that observation and reason were the key to scientific truth.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 19

Which of the following wrote the The Two Treatises of Government

Accepted Answer

Locke

Question 20

The French philosophes...

Accepted Answer

believed people had individual rights

Question 21

What was seen as the key to proper government during the Enlightenment?

Accepted Answer

Natural law and natural rights

Question 22

What event put the English Bill of Rights into effect?

Accepted Answer

The Glorious Revolution

Question 23

The Glorious Revolution resulted in the establishment of an absolute monarchy in England.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 24

The Enlightenment thinkers promoted ideas like democracy and individual rights.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 25

What was the MAIN reason Europeans begin thinking differently about science in the 1500s?

Accepted Answer

They emphasized mathematics and experiments

Question 26

The political theory of absolutism argued that…

Accepted Answer

Rulers had total power

Question 27

What is the Social Contract Theory?

Accepted Answer

The idea that people must agree to let their government rule them

Question 28

What were “natural rights,” according to Enlightenment thinkers?

Accepted Answer

Rights given by nature or God

Question 29

Who made major discoveries about the human body?

Accepted Answer

Andreas Vesalius

Question 30

The Huguenots were French Catholics during the French Civil War.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 31

What was a long-lasting effect of the Reformation?

Accepted Answer

Increased religious conflict

Question 32

Which monarch helped reform schools and education during the Enlightenment?

Accepted Answer

Maria Theresa

Question 33

Which of the following is an Enlightenment thinker wrote about the social contract theory?

Accepted Answer

Locke

Question 34

What was a major goal of Enlightenment thinkers?

Accepted Answer

To apply reason to government and society

Question 35

John Locke believed the main purpose of government was to…

Accepted Answer

Protect people’s rights

Question 36

The first area of study affected by the Scientific Revolution was

Accepted Answer

astronomy

Question 37

What was one cause of the French Civil War between Catholics and Protestants (Huguenots)?

Accepted Answer

Religious differences

Question 38

According to Ptolemy, the sun

Accepted Answer

revolved around Earth

Question 39

Who preserved much of the scientific knowledge of Greece and Rome?

Accepted Answer

Arabs and Jews

Question 40

What is natural law?

Accepted Answer

A set of universal principles based on human nature

Unit 3- Religious Conflicts, Scientific Revolution, and Enlightenment Test

Questions 40

Unit 3- Religious Conflicts, Scientific Revolution, and Enlightenment Test

Questions 40