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Earth Science Final Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth Science Final Review
Earth Science Final Review
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1
What is the approximate gradient of the hill between points X and Y?
20 m/km
10 m/km
3 m/km
1 m/km
2
Which statement best describes how wind forms?
Changes in Earth’s distance from the sun cause changes in radiation
Heating of Earth’s bodies of water causes swift evaporation
Uneven heating in the atmosphere results in convection currents
The reduction in heat caused by the sun setting causes cool air to rise
3
The shape of elongated hills labeled drumlins is most useful in determining what about a Galcier?
Direction of Movement
Thickness of Ice
Speed of Movement
Age
4
The large swirl-shaped cloud formations forming in the Pacific Ocean near California most likely represent what?
Hurricanes
Typhoons
Air Masses
Cyclones
5
The process whereby small grains of sediment bounce along the ground driven by the wind or water is called what?
Bed Load
Deflation
Saltation
Surface Creep
6
The theory that the universe is expanding is supported by which piece of evidence?
Red shift of distant galaxies
Radioactive decay occurring in the Sun
Nuclear fusion occurring in the Sun
Blue shift of distant galaxies
7
Which rock layer appears to be most resistant to weathering and erosion?
Lockport Dolostone
Rochester Shale
Queeston Shale
Grimsby Sandstone
8
Which form of electromagnetic energy shown on the diagram has the lowest frequency and the longest wavelength?
AM Radio
Gamma Rays
Red Light
Infrared Rays
9
In which of the following scenarios would the force of gravity be the greatest between two objects?
Two stars of equal mass, 1 light year away from one another
Two stars of equal mass, 10 light years away from one another
Two stars of equal mass, 100 light years away from one another
Two stars of unequal mass, 1000 light years away from one another
10
If an observer on Earth views Polaris on the horizon, the observer is located where?
Tropic of Cancer (23.5⁰ N)
North Pole (90⁰ N)
Tropic of Capricorn (23.5⁰ S)
Equator (0⁰)
11
What kind of eclipse occurs when the moon passes between the Earth and the Sun?
Lunar Eclipse
Solar Eclipse
Partial Stellar Eclipse
Total Lunar Eclipse
12
Which of the following correctly describes the formation and texture of Basalt?
Rapidly cooled magma, resulting in coarse-grained minerals
Slowly cooled magma, resulting in fine-grained minerals
Rapidly cooling magma, resulting in fine-grained minerals
Slowly cooled magma, resulting in coarse-grained minerals
13
Which weather variable generally decreases when wind speed is increasing, clouds are thickening, and visibility drops?
Precipitation
Dew Point
Relative Humidity
Air Pressure
14
On which side of the hill does the land have the steepest slope?
West
South
East
North
15
In what form does the majority of electromagnetic radiation travel from the sun to Earth?
X- Rays
Infrared
Visible Light
Gamma Rays
16
Which erosional agent most likely piled the silt against the buildings in the image?
Wind
Glaciers
Mass Movement
Waves
17
Compared with the Earth’s orbit, the comet’s orbit (red line) has...
Less Eccentricity
Equal Eccentricity
More Eccentricity
No Eccentricity
18
Which force was mostly responsible for the contraction of the early gas cloud from which our Sun was born?
Gravity
Inertia
Friction
Magnetism
19
Winds are deflected to the right in the Northern Hemisphere due to which phenomenon?
Plate Tectonics
Seasons
Coriolis Effect
Doppler Effect
20
Which option correctly identifies the percentage of elements by volume in Earth’s troposphere?
Carbon Dioxide (78%), Nitrogen (21%), Other Gases (1%)
Methane (75%), Ozone (24%), Other Gases (0.1%)
Argon (68%), Oxygen (32%), Other Gases (1%)
Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), Other Gases (1%)
21
Why is the Sun LESS luminous than Betelgeuse?
The Sun burns fuel more slowly
The Sun is not on the Main Sequence
The Sun is just beginning its life cycle
The Sun has less surface area
22
How does the Pacific Ocean affect the weather in San Diego?
Soaks up water from atmosphere
Goes through tides
Local Winds (land and sea breezes)
Absorbs greenhouse gases
23
What is the main reason a pendulum appears to change its direction of swing over time?
Speed of Earth in its Orbit
Tilt of Earth on its Axis
Revolution of Earth in its Orbit
Rotation of Earth on its Axis
24
Which of the following is a description of an area’s Weather? (not CLIMATE)
The air is unusually humid today
The city receives more sunny days a year than any other
The summer months typically bring abundant rainfall
The average winter temperature is 17⁰ C
25
At which two locations in this stream is DEPOSITION dominant over EROSION?
C and E
A and D
B and E
D and C
26
Analysis of which type of data do you think led to the development of Earth interior model (as seen below)?
EM Spectrum Readings
Seismic Wave Data
Relative Humidity Levels
Isobar Gradients
27
Which type of plate boundary is shown?
Convergent
Transform
Subvergent
Divergent
28
Four particles are dropped into a column filled with water. Which particle would drop to the bottom most rapidly?
Particle C
Particle B
Particle A
Particle D
29
The highest tides on Earth occur when the Moon is in which position?
1 and 5
3 and 2
3 and 7
4 and 1
30
The formation of soil is primarily the result of which processes?
Stream deposition and runoff
Precipitation and wind erosion
Weathering and biological activity
Stream erosion and mass movement
31
Which statement best describes moons?
They revolve around planets
They are composed of rock
They change shape
They are the smallest objects orbiting the sun
32
Carbon dioxide and Methane are excellent absorbers of what?
Infrared Light
Visible Light
Microwaves
Gamma Rays
33
Which statement best describes the general relationship between altitude and temperature in the troposphere?
As altitude decreases, temperature increases
As altitude increases, temperature decreases
As altitude increases, temperature increases
As altitude decreases, temperature decreases
34
Which part of Earth’s interior is inferred to have convection currents that cause tectonic plates to move?
Rigid Mantle
Outer Core
Asthenosphere
Lithosphere
35
Which mineral is commonly used as a food additive?
Halite
Talc
Calcite
Fluorite
36
To an observer on Earth, why does the Sun appears brighter than the star Rigel?
Sun is hotter than Rigel
Sun is more luminous than Rigel
Sun is larger than Rigel
Sun is closer than Rigel
37
During which time interval is the rate of temperature change the greatest?
Between min. 5 and 6
Between min. 7 and 8
Between min. 1 and 2
Between min. 2 and 4
38
The diagram below shows Earth on a particular day in its orbit around the Sun. Which date is represented by the diagram?
September 23
June 21
March 21
December 21
39
Which of the following best indicates how plate tectonics influences the formation of sedimentary rocks?
Plates cause uplift, leading to erosion
Plates cause chemical weathering of Earth's crust
Plates eject magma which cools and hardens
Plates subduct which compact and cement sediments together
40
Most rocks that form from fragmented rock particles are classified as what type of rock?
Chemical Sedimentary
Intrusive Igneous
Clastic Sedimentary
Extrusive Igneous
41
Which seismic waves are the first to be measured by a seismometer?
Q Waves
Surface Waves
P Waves
S Waves
42
Compared to the terrestrial planets, the Jovian planets have....
Higher Densities
Shorter Revolutions
Longer Rotations
Larger Diameters
43
Compared to the weather on the WINDWARD side of the mountain, the climate on the LEEWARD side of the mountain is....
Drier and Warmer
More Humid and Cooler
Drier and Cooler
More Humid and Warmer
