which of the following is true regarding a duplicated collecting system with complete ureteral duplication

the upper pole suffers from obstruction because of ureterocele

which of the following best describes the sono appearance of a kidney affected by ARPKD

bilateral enlargement, echogenic kidneys

which of the following pediatric patients would be at an increased risk for developing a wilms tumor

4 year old with beckwith wiedemann syndrome

courvoisier gallbladder is the:

palpable GB caused by biliary obstruction in the area of the panc head

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final exam 5-7

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Test your knowledge on the structure and role of the pancreas in the human body, including enzymes, complications, and clinical features.

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Questions 81

Answers

1
which of the following is the hormone released by the pancreas that encourages the bodies use of glucagon
somatostatin
insulin
glycogen
sodium bicarbonate
2
the splenic hamartoma may be discovered more often in individuals with a history of
splenic carcinoma
tuberous sclerosis
HIV
meckel gruber syndrome
3
patients who suffer from sickle cell anemia have an increased risk for
hemangiomas
hydatid cyst
hamartomas
gallstones
4
what would be the most likely sonographic appearance of a chronic infarct in the spleen
anechoic mass
splenomegaly with multiple hypoechoic masses throughout
hypoechoic irregular shaped mass with posterior shadowing
hyperechoice, wedge shape mass
5
what is the most likely location of TCC in the kidney
cortex
renal pelvis
medulla
minor calyx
6
clinical findings of glomerulonephritis include all of the following except
azotemia
throat infection
hypercalcemia
proteinuria
7
which of the following would be least likely associated with the development of granulomas within the spleen
histoplasmosis
tuberculosis
sarcoidosis
bacterial endocarditis
8
the spleen is located
posterolateral to the stomach
superior and medial to the hepatic flexure
medial to the caudate lobe
medial to the pancreas tail
9
all of the following are classic clinical features of acute pancreatitis except:
fever
weight gain
back pain
leukocytosis
10
which of the following is true regarding a duplicated collecting system with complete ureteral duplication
the lower pole suffers from deflux and hypertrophy
the lower pole suffers from obstruction because of varicocele
the upper pole suffers from obstruction because of ureterocele
the upper pole of the kidney suffers from reflux
11
what is the splenic process of cleaning red blood cells of unwanted material
culling
pitting
coring
plucking
12
small echogenic foci scattered throughout the spleen most likely represents
multiple benign granulomas
multiple benign hemangioma
malignant lymphoma
multiple benign hematomas
13
coexisting obstruction of the CBD and pancreatic duct may be referred to as the
mirizzi sign
double duct sign
courvoisier sign
double barrel shotgun sign
14
the most common cause of splenomegaly is
lymphoma
hepatits
trauma
portal hypertension
15
the proactive capsule of the kidney is referred to as
glisson capsule
perirenal capsule
renal cortex
renal capsule
16
what is the most common vascular complication following renal transplant
renal vein aneurysm
renal artery stenosis
renal artery thrombosis
renal vein thrombosis
17
cystic fibrosis is assoicated with an increased risk of:
pancreatic cysts
pancreatic duct stones
pancreatic calcifications
pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma
18
what is the most common location of an ectopic kidney
pelvis
LUQ
contralater fossa
thoracic cavity
19
what is the arrow in the image most likely identifying in this asymptomatic patient
nephroblastoma
renal hemangioma
hypernephroma
angiomyolipoma
20
which of the following is the enzyme released by the pancreas that neutralizes stomach acid
insulin
sodium bicarbonate
somatostatin
glycogen
21
the spleen is a
extraperitoneal organ
intraperitoneal organ
22
a 52 year old female has weight loss, palpable GB, and elevated ALP. what foes the arrow indicate?
common bile duct
main pancreatic duct
superior mesenteric vein
splenic vein
23
which lab finding would be the most helpful for predicting evidence of a renal infarction
GRF
LDH
hematocrit
total white blood cell count
24
which of the following would be the least likely complication of a pancreatic transplant
ascites
biloma
hematoma
urinoma
25
what are the cells of the pancreas that produce amylase and lipase
acinar
delta
beta
alpha
26
which of the following would be the most likely vascular complication of acute pancreatitis
thrombosis in the splenic vein
stenosis of the superior mesenteric artery
thrombosis of the main portal vein
pseudoaneursym of the superior mesenteric artery
27
what does the whipple triad indicate
pancreatic adenocarcinoma
gastrinoma
somatostatinoma
insulinoma
28
all of the following are clinical findings associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma except:
jaundice
weight loss
decreased amylase and lipase
epigastric pain
29
the abnormality noted in this image most likely represents a
splenic cyst
splenic abscess
splenic hamartoma
splenic infarct
30
which of the following lab findings elevates first in the presence of acute pancreatitis
ALT
amylase
ALP
lipase
31
which of the following is a peripancreatic fluid collection that results from the inflammation of the pancreas
pus
chyme
phlegmon
trypsin
32
which of the following would be most likely to increase an individuals likelihood of developing chronic pancreatitis
hepatits
hashimoto thyroiditis
hyperparathyroidism
splenic varices
33
the process of making red blood cells is termed
histopoiesis
leukopoiesis
anemia
erythropoiesis
34
suspicion of cortical thinning should occur when the renal cortex measures
greater than 2mm
less than 3cm
less than 1cm
greater than 5mm
35
the spleen removes irregular cells from the bloodstream through a process called
crimping
amassing
culling
pitting
36
the portion of the bowel that encompasses the head of the pancreas is the:
ileum
jejunum
cecum
duodenum
37
enlargement of the unaffected contralateral kidney with unilateral renal agenesis or compromised renal function is
dromedary hypertrophy
supernumerary kidney
renal hypoplasia
compensatory hypertrophy
38
what are the sonographic findings in this image consistent with
multiple renal hemangiomas
medullary nephrocalcinosis
schistosomiasis
renal lipomatosis
39
what attaches the spleen to the stomach
gastrosplenic ligament
renogastric tendon
gastrostomach fissure
splenorenal tendon
40
this 41 year old has a history of decreased renal function, UTIs, palp abdo mass. what is most likely the diagnosis
ARPKD
acquired renal cystic disease
MCDK
ADPKD
41
which of the following best describes the sono appearance of a kidney affected by ARPKD
small, echogenic kidneys
bilateral enlargement, echogenic kidneys
unilateral, smooth walled, noncommunicating cysts of varying size in fossa
numerus, large, complex renal cysts
42
a stone that completely fills the renal pelvis is referred to as
twinkle stone
calculus granulosis
staghorn calculus
nephrocalcinotic caclulus
43
all of the following are characteristics of a complex cyst except
smooth walls
septations
mural nodules
internal echoes
44
which of the following pediatric patients would be at an increased risk for developing a wilms tumor
4 year old with beckwith wiedemann syndrome
18 year old with marfan syndrome
6 year old with a duplicated collecting system
10 year old with 3 renal infections
45
a 14 year old presents after falling off his bike. images show a complex mass within the spleen. this represents
splenic infarct
splenic hematoma
splenic granuloma
splenic hemangioma
46
what performs the endocrine function of the pancreas
pancreatocytes
acinar cells
islets of langerhans
main pancreatic duct
47
courvoisier gallbladder is the:
type of GB carcinoma that is the result of chronic cholecystitis
palpable GB caused by biliary obstruction in the area of the panc head
GB disorder associated with the buildup of cholesterol crystals within GB
enlargement of the pancreatic duct 2nd to coexisting masses within the panc
48
one of the most common locations for a pancreatic pseudocyst is within the:
paracolic gutters
spleen
lesser sac
groin
49
which type of pancreatic transplantation is more common
endocrine bladder drainage
exocrine bladder drainage
exocrine enteric drainage
endocrine enteric drainage
50
which of the following would likely appear as a target lesion in the spleen
pyogenic abscess
hydatid abscess
fungal abscess
angiomyosarcoma
51
what results in a shortened main pancreatic duct that works to drain only the pancreatic head and not the entire panc
pancreatic divisum
annular pancreas
acute pancreatitis
zollinger-ellison syndrome
52
the presence of purulent material within the renal collecting system is termed
pylotosis
emphysematous pyeloneohritis
pyonephrosis
pyelonephritis
53
which of the following children would least likely suffer from sickle cell anemia
middle eastern
caucasion
mediterranean
aferican american
54
which of the following is a benign lesion that is a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system
lymphangioma
hemangioma
angiosarcoma
myeloma
55
which of the following results from the maldevelopment of the two embryologic elements of the pancreas
annular pancreas
pancreatic divisum
zollinger-ellison syndrome
whipple syndrome
56
what is another name for the whipple procedure
hepato-pancreatectomy
pancreaticoduodenectomy
renopancreaticoduodenectomy
duodenectomy
57
what is the most common form of pancreatitis
hereditary pancreatitis
hemorrhagic pancreatitis
interstitial edematous pancreatitis
necrotizing pancreatitis
58
the sonographic finding in this image is most constant with what diagnosis
CRF
MCDK
ARF
ADPKD
59
this patient presented back pain and elevated amylase. what is the most likely diagnosis
acute pancreatitis
chronic pancreatitis
gastrinoma
pancreatitis adenocarcinoma
60
which of the following would be a common finding in a patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis
acites
renal vein thrombosis
hemorrhage
renal artery stenosis
61
a patient with a wandering spleen would have an increased risk for
splenic infection
splenic torsion
splenic carcinoma
splenosis
62
a gastroinoma of the pancreas can produce:
hyperinsulinemia
zollinger ellison syndrome
autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
von hippel lindau diease
63
a bludge on the lateral border of the kidney is referred to as
duplicated kidney
renal hypoplasia
supernumerary kidney
dromedary hump
64
all of the following can be associated with splenomegaly except
hemolytic abnormalities
trauma
mononucleosis
pancreatitis
65
which of the following renal findings would most likely present with a clinical finding of hematuria
hemorrhagic renal cyst
simple renal cyst
milk of calcium renal cyst
angiomyolipoma
66
infantile polycystic kidney disease may also be referred to as
ADPKD
ARPKD
MCDK
acquired renal cystic disease
67
which of the following would be least likely associated with splenomegaly
blunt trauma
extramedullary erythropoiesis
cirrhosis
beckwith wiedemann syndrome
68
which part of the panc is located right lateral to superior mesenteric vein, anterior to IVC and inferior to portal vein
body
tail
head
neck
69
a patient with a history of bacteremia would have an increased risk of developing a
splenic granuloma
splenic infarct
splenic hemangioma
splenic abscess
70
one clinical sign of an insulinoma is the presence of:
hypoglycemia
hepatitis
elevated alpha fetoprotein
zollinger ellison syndrome
71
what is the most common cause of prune belly syndrome
urinoma
megacystis
azotemia
nutcracker syndrome
72
the patient in this image is a 43 year old male with jaundice, weight loss, ascites. what other finding would be seen
hypoechoic pancreatic echotexture
periportal cuffing
webbing of the hepatic veins
hepatofugal flow within the portal veins
73
heterotaxia syndromes may be associated with both cardiac malformation and
splenic infarcts
splenosis
polysplenia
splenic carcinoma
74
what vascular structure outlines the pancreatic tail posteriorly
inferior mesenteric vein
portal confluence
splenic vein
superior mesenteric artery
75
which of the following would be most indicative of renal artery stenosis
tardus parvus waveform upstream to the stenosis
decreased cortical echogenicity
a renal to aorta ratio that is greater than 3.5
enlarged kidney
76
this 64 year old patient is suffering from anorexia, hematuria, flank pain, history of smoking. what is the diagnosis
renal hematoma
TCC
hypernephroma
angiomyolipoma
77
all of the following are functions of the spleen except
storage of iron
destruction of phagocutic cells
defense against disease
blood reservoir
78
which of the following vascular complication would be most likely associated with acute pancreatitis
splenic vein thrombosis
renal vein thrombosis
inferior mesenteric vein aneurysm
abdominal aortic aneurysm
79
what is the most common clinical finding of a simple renal cyst
hematuria
quadrant pain
asymptomatic
elevated BUN
80
an area within the spleen that has become necrotic because of lack of oxygen is referred to as
granuloma
splenic infarct
splenic hemagnioma
splenic hematoma
81
which of the following is a congenital anomaly in which the spleen is divided into two portions by a band of tissue
splenosis
splenic imperfecta
splenic cleft
splenic infarct

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