wh unit 5

one that follows, especially one who takes over a throne, title, estate or office

diplomacy that seeks to strengthen power of a country/affect purposes in foreign relations w use of financial resources

a political compromise

native to a region

an empire in which people of many nationalities live

political philosophy based on tradition &social stability, favoring obedience to political authority &organized religion

he extension of a nation’s power over other lands

an intellectual movement that emerged at the end of the eighteenth century in reaction to the ideas of the Enlightenment

scientists should proceed from the particular to the general by making systematic observations

individuals qualified to vote in an election

an international movement originally for the establishment of Jewish national homeland in Palestine

the working class

one of three classes which French society was divided before revolution-the clergy(1st), nobles(2nd) & townspeople(3rd)

the payment for damages

“without breeches”

the principle that some organisms are more adaptable to the environment than others

movement in which writers and artists between 1870 and 1914 rebelled against the traditional literary & artistic styles

a strong leader who ruled chiefly by military force

production of goods in quantity usually by machinery

a form of government in which power is shared between the national and state governments

he belief that race determines a person’s traits and capabilities

a system of thought expounded by Rene Descartes based on the belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge

local; of or relating to a province

an eighteenth-century religious philosophy based on reason and natural law

areas in which foreign powers have been granted exclusive rights & privileges such as trading rights & mining privileges

a person who finds new business opportunities and new ways to make profits

an artistic style that replaced baroque in the 1730’s; it was highly secular, emphasizing grace, charm and gentle action

a sudden overthrow of the government

an annual direct tax, usually on land or property, that provided a regular source of income for the French monarchy

one of Newton’s three rules of motion; explains that planetary bodies continue in elliptical orbits around the sun

the right to govern through the consent of the people

in the Japanese Meiji Restoration, a territory governed by its former daimyo lord

to incorporate into an existing political unit, such as a city or country

a governor who ruled as a representative of a monarch

policy that stated all powers with spheres of influence in China would respect equal trading opportunities with China

an economic system based on industrial production or manufacturing

idea that great powers have the right to send armies into countries where there are revolutions

a person of mixed European and Native American descent

an Indian soldier hired by the British East India Company to protect the company’s interest in the region

a crop that is grown for sale rather than for personal use

policy promoted by reformers @ end of the Qing dynasty which China would adopt Western technology

indifference to or rejection of religion or religious consideration

idea that the prime minister is responsible to the popularly elected legislative body and not to the king or president

a system in which rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their full royal powers

elegant urban drawing rooms

the unique cultural identity of a people based on common language, religion and national symbols

the reliance on military strength

French for “philosopher”; applied to all intellectuals during the Enlightenment

a method of production in which tasks are done by individuals in their rural homes

a system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production

systematic procedure for collecting & analyzing evidence that was crucial to evolution of science in the modern world

sun centered; the system of the universe in which the Earth and planets revolve around the sun

agricultural, mined and mass-produced marketable goods

the theory that says knowledge is achieved through observation

Marxist who rejected the revolutionary approach, believed in evolution by democratic means to achieve goal of socialism

form of gov where executive/legislative/judicial branches limit & control each other through system of checks & balances

the right to vote

living in a section of a country set aside for foreigners but not subject to the host country’s laws

a movement to end slavery

German for “Caesar”; the title of the emperors of the Second German Empire

political philosophy--holding that people should be as free as possible from government restraint

a person born on the Iberian Peninsula

a political unit that depends on another government for its protection

a colonial government in which local rulers are allowed to maintain their positions of authority and status

the concept that the state should not impose government regulations but should leave the economy alone

concept that an entire society agrees to be governed by its general will

the middle class, including merchants, industrialists and professional people

he right of all males to vote in elections

a popular vote

the act of setting free

the organized massacre of a minority group, especially Jews

Earth-centered; a system of planetary motion in which the sun, moon, and other planets revolve around the Earth

pioneered by Henry Ford in 1913, a manufacturing method that allowed much more efficient mass production of goods

method by which a therapist and patient probe deeply into the patient’s memory

the movement for women’s rights

mid-nineteenth century movement that rejected romanticism & sought to portray lower & middle class life as it was

money available for investment

government established in France after the overthrow of the Directory in 1799

the process in which coke derived from coal is used to burn away impurities in crude iron to produce high quality iron

theory used by Western nations in the late 19th century to justify their dominance; based on Charles Darwin’s theory

the Russian legislative assembly

a person of European descent born in Latin American and living there permanently

colonial gov where local elites were removed from power;replaced by new set of officials brought from colonizing country