Why are DDoS not effective against Root DNS servers

Multiple distributed root DNS servers around the world and multiple copies.

What happens to lost packets in TCP?

They are retransmitted until successfully received.

What is the main role of TLD servers in the DNS hierarchy?

Stores information about top-level domains (like .com, .org).

What is a notable disadvantage of the client-server model?

Difficulty in scaling up to handle more clients

Which of the following best describes TCP?

Connection-oriented and reliable

Which of the following describes the primary function of a socket?

To establish a connection between a client and a server for communication

What is the primary function of the root DNS servers?

To provide authoritative answers for top-level domains (TLDs)

What is a key advantage of persistent HTTP over non-persistent HTTP?

Faster loading times by reusing the same connection for multiple requests.

What is the primary purpose of the application layer ?

To define how applications interact with the network

What is a key feature of UDP?

It has lower latency due to no connection overhead.

In the client-server model, what role does the client typically play?

It requests services and resources from the server.

What is a socket in networking?

A software endpoint for sending and receiving data over a network

What is the primary purpose of a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?

To deliver content quickly using distributed servers.

What is the primary benefit of using DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP)?

Adapts the video quality in real-time based on the viewer's network.

What is a disadvantage of non-persistent HTTP?

Higher latency due to establishing new connections for each request

What happens when a web browser uses a cache?

It retrieves resources from local storage to reduce load times.

What function do authoritative DNS servers serve?

Provide the final answer for a domain name and contain its DNS records.

In a peer-to-peer model, what is the primary characteristic of each participant (or peer)?

Each peer can act as both a client and a server.

What is the primary purpose of cookies in web browsing?

To track user preferences and sessions

What is the primary function of the Domain Name System (DNS)?

To translate domain names into IP addresses

What is a potential drawback of using cookies?

Used to track user behavior across websites, raising privacy concerns.

How does buffering improve the experience of video streaming?

It preloads chunks of video data to prevent interruptions.

Which of the following is a key characteristic of a server in the client-server model?

It handles requests from multiple clients simultaneously.

Which of the following is a feature of the HTTPS protocol?

It serves as a client to request resources from web servers.

What is a significant advantage of the peer-to-peer model?

Reduced server costs since resources are shared among peers

What is the primary function of temporal coding in video compression?

It reduces file size by exploiting differences between consecutive frames.

Which of the following describes a cache?

Storage area that holds frequently accessed data to improve performance

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Network Chapter 2

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Questions 40

Answers

1
Which HTTP status code indicates a successful connection?
301
200
404
400
2
What does SMTP stand for?
Simple Messaging Transfer Protocol
Standard Mail Transport Protocol
Secure Mail Transmission Protocol
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
3
Why are DDoS not effective against Root DNS servers
Root DNS servers are located on private networks, making them inaccessible.
Root DNS servers are not involved in the DNS resolution process.
Multiple distributed root DNS servers around the world and multiple copies.
Root DNS servers only respond to queries from authorized users.
4
What happens to lost packets in TCP?
They are retransmitted until successfully received.
They are sent to a backup server.
They are discarded without notification.
They are ignored, as TCP does not track them.
5
What is the main role of TLD servers in the DNS hierarchy?
To manage the DNS records for individual domains
Stores information about top-level domains (like .com, .org).
To cache DNS responses for improved performance
To provide specific IP addresses for websites
6
Which protocol would be more suitable for real-time applications, such as video conferencing?
Both are equally suitable
UDP
Neither is suitable for real-time applications
TCP
7
What is a notable disadvantage of the client-server model?
Inefficiency in resource sharing
Increased reliance on individual client devices
Difficulty in scaling up to handle more clients
Higher vulnerability to security breaches
8
Which of the following best describes TCP?
Connectionless and unreliable
Primarily used for streaming media
Used only for file transfers
Connection-oriented and reliable
9
Which of the following describes the primary function of a socket?
To manage IP address assignments
To establish a connection between a client and a server for communication
To encrypt data for secure transmission
To serve as a database for network resources
10
What is the primary function of the root DNS servers?
To cache DNS queries for faster responses
To resolve domain names to IP addresses for all domains
To provide authoritative answers for top-level domains (TLDs)
To handle email delivery for domains
11
What is a key advantage of persistent HTTP over non-persistent HTTP?
It supports more simultaneous connections.
It is more secure than non-persistent HTTP.
It requires less server memory.
Faster loading times by reusing the same connection for multiple requests.
12
What is the primary purpose of the application layer ?
To provide end-to-end communication
To manage the flow of data between devices
To define how applications interact with the network
To define how data is formatted and presented
13
What is a key feature of UDP?
It has lower latency due to no connection overhead.
It requires more bandwidth than TCP.
It guarantees the delivery of packets.
It establishes a connection before data transmission.
14
Which of the following protocols is commonly used for web browsing?
HTTP
SMTP
FTP
IMAP
15
In the client-server model, what role does the client typically play?
It provides resources and services to other computers.
It manages network traffic.
It stores data for other devices.
It requests services and resources from the server.
16
What is a socket in networking?
A protocol for data transmission
A physical device that connects computers
A software endpoint for sending and receiving data over a network
A type of cable used for network connections
17
TCP and UDP are Application Layer protocols.
True
False
18
Which HTTP status code indicates a webpage was not found?
301
400
505
404
19
What does HTTP stand for?
Hypertext Transmission Protocol
High Transfer Text Protocol
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Hyperlink Transfer Protocol
20
What is the primary purpose of a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?
To provide email services.
To deliver content quickly using distributed servers.
To store data on user devices
To increase server load times
21
What is the primary benefit of using DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP)?
Adapts the video quality in real-time based on the viewer's network.
It eliminates the need for buffering entirely.
It requires a dedicated streaming server for content delivery.
It reduces the file size of videos significantly.
22
What is a disadvantage of non-persistent HTTP?
It is more efficient for large file transfers.
It consumes less bandwidth compared to persistent HTTP.
It does not support HTTP/2 features.
Higher latency due to establishing new connections for each request
23
What happens when a web browser uses a cache?
It requests the same resources from the server every time.
It deletes all cookies associated with the website.
It retrieves resources from local storage to reduce load times.
It stores user information for future sessions.
24
What function do authoritative DNS servers serve?
Provide the final answer for a domain name and contain its DNS records.
They translate IP addresses into domain names.
They handle all traffic for a website.
They only manage email routing for domains.
25
Which of the following protocols is responsible for sending emails?
SNMP
SMTP
POP3
ICMP
26
Which of the following is a common application of the peer-to-peer model?
Email communication
File sharing services
Web hosting
Database management systems
27
In a peer-to-peer model, what is the primary characteristic of each participant (or peer)?
Each peer requires a central server to communicate.
Each peer is limited to one specific function.
Each peer acts solely as a client.
Each peer can act as both a client and a server.
28
Which application layer protocol is used for transferring files between systems?
FTP
HTTP
DNS
DHCP
29
What type of application layer protocol is DNS?
Secure Transfer Protocol
Remote Access Protocol
File Transfer Protocol
Name Resolution Protocol
30
What is the primary purpose of cookies in web browsing?
To encrypt user data
To speed up the loading of web pages
To store large files temporarily
To track user preferences and sessions
31
What is the primary function of the Domain Name System (DNS)?
To translate domain names into IP addresses
To route packets to their destination
To assign IP addresses to devices
To monitor network performance
32
What is a potential drawback of using cookies?
They decrease security by storing sensitive information.
Used to track user behavior across websites, raising privacy concerns.
They require more server resources.
They can slow down loading times for websites.
33
How does buffering improve the experience of video streaming?
It reduces video quality to load faster.
It stores the entire video before playback.
It requires high-speed internet.
It preloads chunks of video data to prevent interruptions.
34
Which application layer protocol allows for remote login to another computer?
SSH
HTTP
SMTP
FTP
35
Which of the following is a key characteristic of a server in the client-server model?
It requires a graphical user interface to operate.
It only serves one client at a time.
It is usually a personal computer.
It handles requests from multiple clients simultaneously.
36
Which protocol is used to retrieve email from a mail server?
IMAP
POP3
DNS
SMTP
37
Which of the following is a feature of the HTTPS protocol?
It serves as a client to request resources from web servers.
It routes data between devices.
It translates domain names into IP addresses.
It manages the physical connection to the network.
38
What is a significant advantage of the peer-to-peer model?
Reduced server costs since resources are shared among peers
Centralized management of resources
Enhanced security through centralized control
Easier software updates and maintenance
39
What is the primary function of temporal coding in video compression?
It is used solely for audio compression.
It analyzes and compresses individual frames independently.
It reduces file size by exploiting differences between consecutive frames.
It enhances video quality by increasing frame rates.
40
Which of the following describes a cache?
A method for storing user login credentials
Storage area that holds frequently accessed data to improve performance
A protocol for secure data transmission
A file that stores cookies

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