RTE2563 Exam 3 Review

Deterministic effects are considered to have a "safe zone".

Spontaneous mutations are considered radiation-induced.

How soon can the prodromal stage begin in the gastrointestinal syndrome of ARS?

Permanent sterility is a result at the threshold dose of:

__________ occur as a result of radiation-induced damage to the DNA molecule in the sperm on the ova of an adult.

Exposure linearity considers kVp, mA, and timing settings between consecutive exposures.

The principal biological effect on human tissue is a result of direct interactions.

Genetic effects can be classified as early or late depending on when they present in the body.

Which term does NOT refer to stochastic effects?

Which cells are responsible for clotting and preventing hemorrhage?

Cumulative dose = absorbed dose x radiation weighting factor

Primary and secondary barriers must overlap at least 1 inch.

During the latent stage of ARS, the patient becomes temporarily asymptomatic.

Equivalent dose measures biological effects from ionizing radiation.

This dosimeter measures doses as low as 0.1 mSv (5 mrem).

Which is not a strategy to minimize patient dose during fluoroscopy exams?

What is the most radiosensitive molecule in the body?

Standardized technique charts are in place in order to:

The hematopoietic syndrome of ARS is also considered the:

The most recent occurence of ARS was seen as a response to:

NCRP Report #____ defines U.S. population dose received in 2009.

What is the purpose of an immobilization device?

What can be used to measure energy of a beam during QC testing?

Which is not considered a manifest stage symptom of ARS?

Which line indicates a linear threshold response curve?

Which line indicates a linear nonthreshold response curve?

A _______ dose requires a larger total dose to produce the same effects as a smaller dose over a short period of time.

Central nervous system syndrome occurs at 20 Gy or more

Gonadal shielding has the potential to reduce dose by 50-75% for females and up to 95% for males.

Artifical radiation includes all EXCEPT:

NCRP Report #____ defines annual dose limits.

A direct effect results by:

Which of the following refers to cell division of gametes?

The radiographic examination table is commonly made of radiolucent material such as:

Which of the following would be considered the most radiosensitive?

Fluoroscopy is considered:

Which of the following does not refer to the Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau?

Humans are most sensitive during childhood after they are born.

Which stage of ARS do symptoms of the particular syndrome occur?

Radiation-induced damage can be observed at molecular, cellular, and organic levels.

The beam alignment must be within ____ of the SID.

A single-phase generator will demonstrate an arc on the produced radiograph using the spinning top timer test.

0.01 Sv = 10 mSv

Effects of ionizing radiation on the patient's body.

Public popultion's extremities exposure dose limit?

Which term refers to short-term biologic effects?

Gonadal dysfunction is an example of a local tissue effect.

Radiation doses as high as ______ can be tolerated by humans with medical intervention support.

Most radiosensitive tissue.

Stochastic effects can occur at any radiation dose level.

Target theory describes when a cell is activated by direct or indirect hits, it will die.

If a cell receives a radiation dose that does not result in death, the dose is said to be:

Which cell is considered the most sensitive in the body?

During the stage, the cell grows, replicates DNA, and prepares for division.

Positive beam limitation must be no more than ___ of the SID.

A repeat analysis program is designed to:

This occurs when the DNA of a cell is inactivated and results in cell death:

What can be used to provide uniform imaging of body parts that vary in thickness?

A single dot on a spinning top timer test represents:

Effective annual dose limit for occupational workers:

Most radioresistant tissue.

Which NCRP report is used for guidelines regarding quality control testing parameters for radiology equipment.

Using a grid significantly improves _____ of detail in an image.

______ is considered to be an independent molecule capable to exist with an unpaired electron in orbit.

Involuntary motion is most easily reduced by increasing the exposure time and using the lowest mA station.

Effective dose = absorbed dose x radiation weighting factor x tissue weighting factor

Monthly equivalent fetal dose limit?

Caution signs must be used when:

Leakage radiation must not exceed:

Radiation caution signs are usually red and white or teal and black.

The most effective way to reduce the number of repeat exposures is by:

Which of the following is the most widely used and easiest to comprehend?

Gastrointestinal syndrome occurs between 6-10 Gy.

Occupational equivalent dose limit for lens of the eye:

Equivalent dose = absorbed dose x radiation weighting factor

NCRP Report #____ defines equipment protection and design parameters.

Biological responses are directly affected by linear energy transfer levels.

NCRP Report #____ defines the use of shielding for abdomen and pelvis exams is no longer required.

Radiation must scatter at least once before reaching the technologist.

Recovery allows cells to:

During this stage of cell division, two nuclei form a divide into daughter cells.

Effects of ionizing radiation on generations yet unborn.

Which line indicates a nonlinear threshold response curve?

What type of biological effects are considered "all or nothing" responses?

Which of the following indicate a biologic response after low radiation doses over a long period of time?

Width and length dimensions of a field of interest must be within ____ of the SID.

This dosimeter measures doses as low as 10 uGy (1 mrem).

The estimated genetically significant dose for the U.S. population is:

Radon gas in an example of:

Quality assurance programs are established and developed based on subjective data.

A primary barrier is usually composed of concrete or lead.

An organ is composed of two or more tissues that perform a specific function.

A karyotype is capable of demonstrating chromosome aberrations.

Which is responsible for digesting old cells and foreign objects in a cell?

Which of the following does not refer to a primary barrier?

Air kerma represents:

How soon can the prodromal stage begin in central nervous system syndrome of ARS?

High LET radiation decreases the likelihood of an interaction with the target molecule.

Leukemia typically manifests in 10-60 years.

A high radiation dose typically leads to and early tissue response.