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Unit 1: Absolute/Limited Monarchy and Age of Enlightenment Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 1: Absolute/Limited Monarchy and Age of Enlightenment
Unit 1: Absolute/Limited Monarchy and Age of Enlightenment
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1
Thinkers during the Enlightenment challenged the established social order by-
supporting peasant rebellions
calling for an end to all forms of government
saying there was no heaven
calling for a just society based on reason and observation
2
Agreed to sign and follow the English Bill of Rights. By this action, Parliament was made more powerful than the monarch
Louis XVI and Marie Antionette
William and Mary
Peter the Great
Charles I
3
What happened in history that allowed absolute monarchs to come to power?
Magna Carta said monarchs were accountable to God only
Parl. passed the Bill of Rights giving monarchs more power
People held elections & chose absolute monarchs to rule.
The Cath Church lost power b/c of the Protestant Reformation
4
How did the ideas of Rousseau impact the U. S. Constitution?
His ideas led to the two-party political system in the U.S
B/c of him that divine right monarchy existed in Europe
His ideas are seen in the 1st Amend. of the Bill of Rights
The citizens of the US hold the power
5
Choose which statement best describes Thomas Hobbes' views on the philosophy of government?
there should be no government.
Democracy is key to a successful government
Parliament should be established to keep the king in check
An absolute monarch is needed to keep people safe.
6
The legal system should have fair and speedy trials and fair punishments (no torture)
Beccarria
Voltaire
Locke
Montesquieu
7
Which period is most closely associated with the major ideas of these philosophers?
Glorious Revolution
Renaissance
Absolutism
Enlightenment
8
People are greedy/selfish so an absolute govt was needed to control people’s evil behavior.
Hobbes
Locke
Smith
Rousseau
9
This thinker was a big supporter of freedoms such as speech and religious tolerance.
Hobbes
Wollstonecraft
Smith
Voltaire
10
Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights led English gov't to develop a political system where
religious authorities controlled laws
power of the monarch came from God
rulers are accountable to people
individuals denied trial by jury
11
Which statement reflects an argument that Enlightenment philosophers would most likely agree?
independence is built by military might
God has chosen all government rulers
all government is bad and should be ended
the power of the government comes from the people
12
Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in
using reason to improve the relationship betw. people & govt
debating the role of the church in society
promoting the divine right theory
promoting increased power for European monarchs
13
A civil war broke out between him and Parliament. He was executed. His death showed that kings had to follow the law
Louis XIV
Charles I
William (of William and Mary)
King John
14
Why did the English Civil War happen?
Charles I didn’t like Oliver Cromwell
Parliament wanted Charles I to go to war with France and he would not.
Charles I wanted to limit the power of the monarchy against Parliament’s wi
Charles I was acting like an absolute monarch and ignoring Parliament
15
The English Bill of Rights was passed as a means to-
limit Parliament's power
increase Parliament's power
overthrow the monarch
increase the monarch's power
16
What was the significance of Charles I's execution?
It ended the monarchy in England forever
It showed that kings who abuse their power will face consequences.
It made the people of England abolish Parliament
It meant that the Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights were no longer nee
17
The graphic above represents what type of government?
Absolute Monarchy
Limited Monarchy
Democracy
Republic
18
How did the Magna Carta (1215) contribute to the development of the English government?
limited the power of the monarch
created a two-house parliament
extended voting rights
created a Bill of Rights
19
The concept that people agree to form a government in order to create law and order.
social contract
natural rights
scientific laws
censorship
20
This ruler of France was known as "the sun king" , built the palace of Versailles, and controlled all his people.
Louis XIV
Henry VIII
Philip II
Peter the Great
21
The events below are most closely associated with...
Glorious Revolution
Protestant Reformation
Divine Right Rule
Absolutism
22
What does Mary Wollstonecraft argue for?
The principles of the Enlightenment are intended for men.
ideas of men are more reasonable.
Enlightenment principles should apply to women andmen.
The French Rev was a foolish waste of lives and resources.
23
The quotation and picture above best reflects the concept of
limited monarchy
divine right rule
separation of powers
equal representation
24
Government should be limited and divided so that no one person or group gets too powerful.
Beccaria
Hobbes
Montesquieu
Wollstonecraft
25
Govt is created by the people & that it exists to do the “general will” of the people.
Hobbes
Voltaire
Rousseau
Smith
26
Using the text below, how does the Declaration of Independence reflect Enlightenment ideas?
Absolute monarchs are likely to abuse their power unchecked.
If people would only cooperate, society will create equality
Those without money should rise up and overthrow the govy
All people have natural rights & govt should protect them
27
How does the image represent absolutism? Peter the Great...
was a limited monarch
controlled people's lives down to the way they dressed.
allowed people to dress any way they chose.
showed his power by building the palace known as Versailles.
28
He was the absolute ruler of Russia. He westernize Russia, waged wars to expand territory, controlled the church, etc.
Peter the Great
Henry VIII
Louis XIV
Philip II
29
Which of the following is NOT an Enlightenment idea?
Government exists to protect the people
Problems can be solved by using reason
People have natural rights
Kings should rule by by divine right
30
He was the king of England that was forced to sign the Magna Carta. He is considered by some to be the worst king in Eng
King John
Louis XIV
Peter the Great
Henry VIII
31
Which idea is central to John Locke's "Natural Rights of Man?"
Absolute Monarchy is the best way to control evil humans
Women should be educated just like men
All people have natural rights
The best way to protect liberty is to separate the powers
32
Believed that women should have the same access to education and jobs as men.
Locke
Voltaire
Hobbes
Wollstonecraft
33
A main goal of the monarchs of Europe during the Age of Absolutism was for the leader to
establish legislative bodies so people
make their country the best while maintaining control over it
expand the role of the Catholic Church
improve the quality of life for peasants
34
People have rights that cannot be taken away & govt is to protect the rights. If not=overthrow
Montesquieu
Wollstonecraft
Locke
Smith
35
Which solution would Baron de Montesquieu offer to avoid the enactment of “tyrannical laws”?
granting freedom of speech
separating the government into three parts
limit natural rights
reinstating absolute monarchies
36
What did Beccaria think about crime and punishment?
Punishments should be as harsh as possible
Punishments should depend upon one's social status
Punishments should only be harsh enough to be a deterrant
Punishment for crimes should be cruel and unfair.
