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ECON 2023H
ECON 2023H
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put me in a cawthon. using the MODERN PRINCIPLES: MICROECONOMICS by Tyler Cowen and Alex Tabarrok
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Questions
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Answers
1
Markets work well because of the info delieverd by:
the gov.
the supply curve
prices
the demand curve
2
Zoey receives a big raise at work and decides to buy additional porcelain figurines. Which of these statements is true:
Zoey's willingness to pay for porcelain figures has decreased.
Zoey considers porcelain figurines to be a normal good.
Zoey considers porcelain figurines to be an inferior good.
Zoey's demand for porcelain figurines decreased.
3
The long run is the period before exit and entry can occur
False
True
4
The supply of wooden toothpicks is likely to be very __ bc there is a __ amount of wood used in production.
inelastic; large
elastic; large
elastic; small
inelastic; small
5
Loyalty programs, such as frequent flyer programs:
always save money the consumer
are a form of price discrim. that sometimes encourages customer to pay more
are illegal
are a form of price discrim. that always results in customers paying less
6
A strat that has a higher payoff than any other strat no matter what the other player does is a
superior strategy
winning strategy
advanced strategy
dominant strategy
7
The market for flu shots is efficient if the beneficiaries of the external benefits pay fairly those receiving the shot
False
True
8
Which is an example of asymmetric information?
a doctor prescribing a medication for a patient
a buyer using a compiled report on the quality of a used car
a shopper using Internet reviews to help them decide which fridge to buy
an employer not knowing which job candidate will do the best job
9
The difference btwn what buyers pay and what sellers recieve is the:
tax
overhead
cost of prod.
brokerage fee
10
The theory of comparative advantage concludes that people produce more by specializing than doing everything themselves.
True
False
11
Which of these is a list of nonexcludable, nonrival goods ONLY?
a public beach, a lighthouse, toll highways, publci roads
national defense, a lighthouse, smog reduction
online video games, a public beach, national defense, a lighthouse
a public beach, soup kitchen meals, public roads
12
One would expect more arbitrage to occur between two markets if:
items rnt different and the diff. markets have good transpo btwn networks
the products have tracking mechanisms that help in discovering distributors
the products r differentiated in terms oftheir fundamental characteristics
the demand curves in the 2 markets are essentially the same
13
An increase in the price of a good will decrease demand for that good.
True
False
14
When Samsung advertises to convince consumers that its product is better than Appels, it is trying to:
increase the iPhone 14's elasticity of supply.
reduce the iPhone 14's elasticity of demand.
reduce the Galaxy s23's elasticity of demand.
increase the Galaxy s23's elasticity of demand.
15
Assuming demand increases 1%, the abs value of price elasticy of demand and supply is 1. What is the % price change?
-1.5
.5
-.5
1.5
16
When the price of oil rises, consumers economize by buying ___ and ___.
less; recycling
more; recyling
less; finding substitues
more; finding substitues
17
A tariff__the amount of output produce by domestic firms and__the amount of goods brought by domestic consumers.
increases: increases
decreases; decreases
decreases; increases
increases: decreases
18
Companies pay based on piece rates aka the more produced the more earned. This practice highlights the role of:
incentives
sunk costs
trade-offs
marginal thinking
19
A movie trilogy is successful, this leads to the demand of movie-related goods increasing. This is explained by a(n):
change in expectations
increase in population
change in tastes
change in the price o substitutes
20
The market can effectively allocate goods to their highest-valued uses bc
consumers hava a strong incentive to conserve goods for future use
gov intervention keeps prices consistent with their market values
suppliers only produce goods with production costs less than their prices
consumers will purchase a good only if its value is greater than its price
21
A surplus of a good occurs when
the quantity demanded is less than the quantity supplied
the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied
demand does not exist
the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied
22
In a perfectly competitive market, each firm produces its last unit at:
1 of 2 marginal costs
a unique marginal cost
1 of several marginal costs
the same marginal cost
23
Equilibrium price in a market with a price of 10$, q. supplied of 50, and q. demand of 50 units.
differs from $10 in an indeterminate direction.
is less than $10.
is greater than $10
is equal to $10.
24
Tradeable allowances are ___ to Pigouvian taxes when the supply curve is ___.
inferior; unkown
superior; known
inferior; known
superior; unknown
25
Price elasticity of supply=1 and absolute value of price elasicity of demand=2. What is true
Consumers carry the maj. of the tax burden
Prod and consumer carry an equal amount of the tax burden
Producers carry the maj. of the tax burden
Consumers carry the entire tax burden
26
Which of these statements true regarding subsidies?
When a subsidy is present, the price received by sellers exceeds price paid
Subsidies create inefficient increases in trade
Similar to a tax, a subsidy also create a deadweight loss.
Subsidies benefit the party that directly receives the check from the gov.
27
Marx's capitalism critiques raised concerns about tensions between owners and workers, best captured by what word?
asymmetry
manipulation
exploitation
bourgeoisie
28
The equilibrium quantity is the quantity at which
suppliers' production is maximized
gains from trand are minimized
consumer's willingness to pay equals producers' willingness to sell
buyers have no unsatisfied wants
29
Which of these ideas is NOT central to economics?
specialization and trade benefit everyone
people react to incentives
good institutions can eliminate economic tradeoffs
prices rise when the government prints too much money
30
Barges trading down a river carry 300 goods and provide services akin to convenience stores. Which adv of trade is this?
comparative advantage
differences in preferences
specialization
each of these advantages is illustrated in the passages
31
Joe provides 100$, but after 5pm they provide 150$. Joe is offered 130$ after 5pm to work. Should Joe take the offer?
Decline the job, he would lose 20$ on the job.
Decline the job, he would lose 150$ on the job.
Take the job, he is making a 30$ profit.
Take the job, 130$ exceeds his average cost of production.
32
An increase in production costs at any given quantity
does not change supply
decreases supply
changes supply in an indeterminate
increases supply
33
As trade becomes more extensive, it slows down research and development.
False
True
34
Tuna fish are being driven to extinction bc of overfishing. If fisherman know this, why do they not fish less?
Fisherman do not realize that their way of life will also become extinct.
Their gov. has not considered tradable allowances as a solution.
Tuna fish lack well-defined property rights in seas.
The fishing equipment that is used only works for large batches.
35
Free riders are people who:
enjoy public goods without paying 4 then
ride public transport without paying
pay 4 both public and private goods
pay 4 public goods but don't enjoy them
36
A cab driver taking an out-of-town rider on a longer route to their destination is an example of:
asymmetric information.
the principal–agent problem
a mutually profitable exchange.
an adverse selection.
37
Roses grown in Kenya travel to Amsterdam and ultimately to your local flower shop because:
markets coordinate the specialiaztion and trade key for the flower indusrty
customer are willing to pay more for roses that pass through Amsterdam
the WRC coordinates the different elements of the rose industry
of the trade agreement between the governments of Kenya and Amsterdam
38
Which equation is LEAST likely equation for a produciton possibilites frontier?
y+x = 50 - 4x
y = 100 +5x
y = 200 - 4x
x = 50 - .25y
39
Market price=5$. A 2$ tax, ppl pay 5.75$. what is the final price per bag?
7.75
5
3.75
3
40
Chris will pay $4 and $.50 for a fish and chips; Jim will pay $2 for each. What price should be charged for max profits?
$4
$2
$4.5
$2.5
41
As the price of a good increases
it is profitable to produce more of a good even with higher costs of prod.
suppliers adjust their quantity supplied only if its demand declines
it becomes profitable to make more goods as long as cost of prod. remains
demand for that good will decrease
42
A decrease in production costs at any given ____ supply
decreases
does not change
increases
may increase or decrease
43
____ is(are) the key force in integrating markets and motivating entreprenuers.
prices
information
products
suppliers
44
Following the work of Kahneman, which of the following activities would most likely be a type 2 (new) brain activity?
being enticed to buy a magazine because of the display of attractive people
jumping at an unexpected loud noise
playing a long game of chess
getting hungry at the smell of cooking food
45
Jose could sell a book to Tim for 40$, or to Adolfo for 150$. Aldolfo had planned to pay 240$. Which statement is true?
Both Jose and Adolfo are made better off by the trade.
Jose and Adolfo must have the same preferences for the textbook.
Adolfo is made better off by trade, but Jose is made worse.
This fails to give Adolfo value because he is getting less value than Jose.
46
If only the people who get a flu shot received all the benefits of the vaccination, then the:
dwl would be higer than if the vaccinations benefited others as well
supply curve would shift upward
demand curve would shift downward
market outcome would be effcient
47
Price discrimination, which increases profits for firms, can be good because:
it comes at the expense of arbitrageurs
it increases the incentives for research and development
when firms earn more, it means that consumers get less
the government will get involved when firms earn too much profit
48
Jamel wants to increase sales. The incentive scheme he produces should _____ to BEST incentivize his employees.
align "what he pays for" closely with "what he wants"
offer training
construct a good monitoring plan
provide a large bonus for the highest sales
49
With a subsidy, the price paid by buyers exceeds the price received by the sellers?
False
True
50
When there is a shortage of 1,000 units of a particular good:
the price of the good will fall
the quantity demanded of the good will equal to 1,000 units
there will be no change in the price of the good
the price of the good will rise
51
What does the Gini coefficient measure most accurately?
poverty
wealth inequality
structural inequality
income inequality
52
The means of production should be state-owned with goods allocated according to human wants instead of profit is:
anarchism
socialism
mercantilism
capitalism
53
Which is true when cheaters increase quantity beyond the profit-maximizing quantity?
The cheater hurts itself.
The cheater hurst other cartel members.
The cheater benefits itself and other cartel members.
The cheater benefits other cartel members.
54
A tragedy of the commons often results from __ and __.
rivalry; nonecludability
nonrivalry; nonexcludability
nonrivalry; excludability
rivalry; excludablility
55
As more workers are hired, the marginal product of labor typically:
decrease
increase
oscillates more rapidly
remains the same
56
A monopolistically comp. firm produces a __ quantity and __ price than a perfectly comp. firm with the same costs.
lower; higher
higher; higher
higher; lower
lower; lower
57
What institutions foster the appropriate incentives for economic growth?
communal property rights and the absence of a proft-loss system
a dependable legal system, property rights, and competitive, open markets
production and export quotas, supply and demand
regulated labor and credit markets and unions
58
Which of these choices illustrates how changes in opportutnity costs affect supply?
Farm grows corn and peas. Corn price rises, he grows less corn to make same
A farmer produces corn and wheat. Wheat cost rises, so wheat prod. rises
milk+cereal are complements, if cereal price falls, q. supplied milk rises
textbook for econ becomes cheaper, so more students buy it
59
Pat watches Masterpiece Theatre on the local PBS station, but never donates to help fund the station. Pat's behavior:
is due to asymmetric information.
is free-riding.
creates a negative externality.
reveals a moral hazard.
60
private markets can be good in dealing w/ external coss/benefits IF property rights are defined+low transaction costs
external tech policy
the "invisible hand"
the Coase theorem
law of diminishing returns
61
What is one cause of inflation?
decreased spending by people on the government
inability of production to keep up with spending
economic grwoth without monetary growth
persistent rise in prices
62
Because home inspectors are not allowed to profit from any repairs they recommend, there is a reduction in:
moral hazard.
mutually beneficial trades.
the principal–agent problem.
adverse selection.
63
The prisoner's dilemma describes situations where pursuing individual interests leads to outcomes that benefit all.
True
False
64
The growing economies of China and India have increased the demand for:
automobiles leading to a decrease in supply of oil and rising oil prices
automobiles, leading ot the rising oil supplies and falling prices
oil, leading to lower oil prices in the early part of the 21st century
oil, leading to higher oil prices in the early part of the 21st centtury
65
Moving a supply curve out and to the right is a:
increase in supply
decrease in quantity supplied
decrease in supply
increase in quantity supplied
66
Supply of ancient Egyptian papyrus manuscripts is probably:
inelastic
unit elastic
hyperelastic
elastic
67
Which of these is not a moral hazard?
A dentist recommends an unnecessary dental procedure.
A cab driver takes longer routes to destinations to collect higher fares.
A car salesman recommends a car that has been wrecked.
A hairdresser colors a client's hair poorly.
68
If firms are unable to lower prices bc of a legally mandated price floor
firms often compete by offering higer-quality goods than consumer pay for
quantity suppplied will be less than quantity demand
consumers will decrease their demand due to high prices
firms are better off (have higher profits) at the expense of consumers